{"license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"map":{"slug":"btam-units-law-enforcement","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","source":{"file":"BTAM-assessment-units-guide-for-law-enforcement.pdf","pages":76,"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024,"url":"https://www.secretservice.gov/sites/default/files/reports/2024-10/Behavioral-Threat-Assessment-Units-A-Guide-for-State-and-Local-Law-Enforcement-to-Prevent-Targeted-Violence.pdf"},"generated_at":"2026-10-31T18:30:53Z","counts":{"claims":617,"concepts":42,"links":1455,"pages":76,"sections":12},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement"},"sections":[{"id":"s02","slug":"message-from-the-chief-of-ntac","title":"Message from the Chief of NTAC","order":2,"pages":[3,3],"summary":"Report pages 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2: Create Operational Protocols and Procedures","order":7,"pages":[26,30],"summary":"Report pages 26–30: 38 claims on pp. 26–30 (fact 3, statement 5, evidence 2, conclusion 27, definition 1).","claim_ids":["p026-01","p026-02","p026-03","p026-04","p026-05","p026-06","p026-07","p027-01","p027-02","p027-03","p027-04","p027-05","p028-01","p028-02","p028-03","p028-04","p028-05","p028-06","p028-07","p028-08","p028-09","p028-10","p029-01","p029-02","p029-03","p029-04","p029-05","p029-06","p029-07","p029-08","p030-01","p030-02","p030-03","p030-04","p030-05","p030-06","p030-07","p030-08"],"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures"},{"id":"s08","slug":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","title":"STEP 3: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior","order":8,"pages":[31,36],"summary":"Report pages 31–36: 48 claims on pp. 31–36 (fact 6, statement 11, evidence 1, conclusion 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Claim p003-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p003-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p003-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/message-from-the-chief-of-ntac#p003-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p003-09","page":3,"section":"message-from-the-chief-of-ntac","type":"conclusion","title":"Preventing targeted violence is everyone's responsibility; NTAC offers continued support","quote":"The prevention of targeted violence in the United States is everyone’s responsibility, and NTAC stands ready to provide continued support to our community partners as they implement violence prevention programs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Chief's message para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":3,"rects":[[0.058,0.62848,0.85611,0.01671],[0.058,0.64742,0.82118,0.01671],[0.058,0.66636,0.39968,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p003-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/message-from-the-chief-of-ntac#p003-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p003-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p003-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p003-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/message-from-the-chief-of-ntac#p003-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p003-11","page":3,"section":"message-from-the-chief-of-ntac","type":"fact","title":"NTAC was created in 1998 to provide threat assessment guidance","quote":"NTAC was created in 1998 to provide guidance on threat assessment both within the Secret Service and to others with criminal justice and public safety responsibilities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: NTAC background box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":3,"rects":[[0.05964,0.85279,0.86271,0.01253],[0.05964,0.86793,0.35123,0.01253]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p003-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/message-from-the-chief-of-ntac#p003-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p007-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-02","page":7,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"2023 NTAC toolkit gives school staff ways to encourage bystander reporting","quote":"Improving School Safety Through Bystander Reporting: A Toolkit for Strengthening K-12 Reporting Programs (May 2023) provides school staff with ways to encourage reporting by students and the broader school community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list item 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.20588,0.26961,0.67521,0.01655],[0.20588,0.28981,0.66858,0.01694],[0.20588,0.31023,0.65974,0.01671],[0.20588,0.33043,0.1791,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-03","page":7,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"NTAC report analyzes 173 public-space mass attacks in the U.S. from 2016 to 2020","quote":"Mass Attacks in Public Spaces: 2016 - 2020 (January 2023) analyzes 173 attacks that occurred from 2016 to 2020 in public or semi-public locations in the U.S.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list item 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.20588,0.40995,0.66933,0.01694],[0.20588,0.43037,0.5466,0.01671],[0.20588,0.45057,0.30507,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-04","page":7,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"Hot Yoga Tallahassee case study examines attacker who killed two women in 2018","quote":"Hot Yoga Tallahassee: A Case Study of Misogynistic Extremism (March 2022) examines the background of an attacker who killed two women and injured four others in 2018.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list item 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.20588,0.53008,0.69088,0.01694],[0.20588,0.55051,0.6797,0.01671],[0.20588,0.5707,0.29651,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p007-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-05","page":7,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"NTAC 2021 analysis examines 67 averted K-12 school attack plots from 2006 to 2018","quote":"Averting Targeted School Violence: A U.S. Secret Service Analysis of Plots Against Schools (March 2021) examines 67 averted attacks at K–12 schools from 2006 to 2018 planned by current or recently former students.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list item 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.20588,0.65022,0.64672,0.01655],[0.20588,0.67042,0.65415,0.01694],[0.20588,0.69084,0.63458,0.01671],[0.20588,0.71104,0.15565,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-06","page":7,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"NTAC 2019 analysis examines 41 K-12 school attacks by students from 2008 to 2017","quote":"Protecting America’s Schools: A U.S. Secret Service Analysis of Targeted School Violence (November 2019) examines 41 attacks perpetrated by current or recently former students at K–12 schools from 2008 to 2017.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list item 5","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.20588,0.79055,0.6205,0.01655],[0.20588,0.81075,0.62594,0.01694],[0.20588,0.83117,0.64652,0.01671],[0.20588,0.85137,0.18057,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p007-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p007-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-01","page":8,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"2018 school safety guide gives steps for multidisciplinary student violence prevention programs","quote":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (July 2018) provides actionable steps for schools to develop multidisciplinary violence prevention programs that proactively identify and assist students who may pose a risk of harm to themselves or others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: NTAC publications list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.20588,0.1084,0.62184,0.01655],[0.20588,0.1286,0.63803,0.01694],[0.20588,0.14902,0.69572,0.01671],[0.20588,0.16922,0.63025,0.01671],[0.20588,0.18942,0.60576,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-02","page":8,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"2015 NTAC report analyzes 43 attacks on federal facilities and officials, 2001-2013","quote":"Attacks on Federal Government: 2001 - 2013 (December 2015) analyzes 43 attacks directed toward federal government facilities and officials from 2001 to 2013.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: NTAC publications list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.20588,0.26893,0.70223,0.01694],[0.20588,0.28936,0.71952,0.01671],[0.20588,0.30955,0.12367,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-03","page":8,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"2010 campus attacks study examines 272 higher-education violence incidents, 1900-2008","quote":"Campus Attacks: Targeted Violence Affecting Institutions of Higher Education (April 2010) examines 272 incidents of violence that impacted institutions of higher education from 1900 to 2008.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: NTAC publications list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.20588,0.38907,0.66184,0.01655],[0.20588,0.40926,0.70781,0.01694],[0.20588,0.42969,0.49366,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p008-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-04","page":8,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"2008 study explores how student bystanders with prior attack knowledge decided what to do","quote":"Prior Knowledge of Potential School-Based Violence: Information Students Learn May Prevent a Targeted Attack (May 2008) explores how students with prior knowledge of attacks (i.e., bystanders) made decisions regarding what steps, if any, to take after learning the information.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: NTAC publications list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.20588,0.5092,0.64474,0.01655],[0.20588,0.5294,0.71319,0.01694],[0.20588,0.54983,0.72213,0.01671],[0.20588,0.57002,0.63819,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p008-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-05","page":8,"section":"ntac-research-and-resources","type":"evidence","title":"2002 Safe School Initiative studied school attacks, urged Secret Service threat assessment use","quote":"The Final Report and Findings of the Safe School Initiative: Implications for the Prevention of School Attacks in the United States (May 2002) analyzes incidents of targeted violence in schools and outlines how schools could adopt the threat assessment process pioneered by the Secret Service to prevent future attacks.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: NTAC publications list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.20588,0.64954,0.70674,0.01655],[0.20588,0.66973,0.67783,0.01694],[0.20588,0.69016,0.73238,0.01671],[0.20588,0.71036,0.73521,0.01671],[0.20588,0.73055,0.24117,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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(2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p008-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/ntac-research-and-resources#p008-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-01","page":9,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"Congress gave the Secret Service full-time presidential protection duty in 1902","quote":"In 1902, Congress directed the Secret Service to assume full-time responsibility for protecting the President.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.05882,0.47557,0.81432,0.01655],[0.05882,0.49577,0.24057,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-02","page":9,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"Identifying and intervening with risky individuals became known as Protective Intelligence","quote":"In the decades that followed, the agency’s capacity to identify and intervene with those who pose a risk of harm to a protected person became a central feature of its protective mission and came to be known within the Secret Service as Protective Intelligence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.31055,0.49577,0.61409,0.01655],[0.05882,0.51597,0.88203,0.01655],[0.05882,0.53616,0.82189,0.01655],[0.05882,0.55636,0.22202,0.017]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-03","page":9,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"Secret Service commissioned its earliest behavioral science research in the 1960s","quote":"Just as the Secret Service’s mission to prevent assassination using Protective Intelligence is longstanding, so is the agency’s interest in behavioral assessment as a field of scientific study, with the agency’s earliest behavioral science research commissioned in the 1960s.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.05882,0.59374,0.86312,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61268,0.8727,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63163,0.64398,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p009-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-04","page":9,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"A 1981 conference recommended an internal Secret Service behavioral research capacity","quote":"To further understand the relationship between behavioral assessment and violence prevention, the Secret Service convened a conference in 1981 involving agency representatives and leading behavioral scientists from across the country. 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Claim p009-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-05","page":9,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"A later stalking conference urged in-depth study of serious assassination cases","quote":"Relatedly, participant feedback from a subsequent Secret Service conference on stalking behaviors encouraged the agency to conduct an in-depth examination of the most serious known cases of assassination.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["exceptional-case-study-project"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.21579,0.72635,0.71494,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74529,0.87902,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76424,0.25974,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p009-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p009-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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(2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-06","page":10,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"Under a congressional mandate NTAC publishes targeted violence research and guidance","quote":"As part of its congressionally mandated mission, NTAC produces groundbreaking operational research studies examining targeted violence in a variety of settings and publishes best practice guidance for public safety partners entrusted with ensuring the safety of our communities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.1424,0.62749,0.7236,0.01532],[0.05882,0.64643,0.84056,0.01532],[0.05882,0.66538,0.80402,0.01532],[0.05882,0.68432,0.11424,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p010-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-07","page":10,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"NTAC trains tens of thousands of officials yearly and consults with agencies","quote":"NTAC staff also deliver training by request to tens of thousands of public safety officials every year and routinely consult with a variety of agencies and organizations that are developing their own threat assessment capacities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.18286,0.68432,0.70764,0.01532],[0.05882,0.70327,0.83283,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72221,0.4501,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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(2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-09","page":10,"section":"introduction","type":"conclusion","title":"Preventing targeted violence is described as everyone's responsibility","quote":"Preventing targeted violence in America is everyone’s responsibility.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.05882,0.79609,0.60149,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-10","page":10,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"Attackers often turn out to have long histories of threatening or concerning behavior","quote":"Far too often, communities have witnessed mass injury and loss of life at the hands of an attacker, only to learn that the perpetrator had a long history of threatening or concerning behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.66858,0.79609,0.24098,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81503,0.8168,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83397,0.62158,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-11","page":10,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"In many cases bystanders saw attacker behavior and some tried to report it","quote":"In many cases, the attacker’s behavior was witnessed by community bystanders, some of whom sought to report their concerns to public safety officials.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.6902,0.83397,0.16399,0.01532],[0.05882,0.85292,0.83632,0.01532],[0.05882,0.87186,0.34474,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-12","page":10,"section":"introduction","type":"conclusion","title":"Many communities lack structured systems to receive, evaluate and respond to reports","quote":"Unfortunately, many communities lack the structured systems to receive, evaluate, and respond to these reports in a way that reduces the likelihood of a violent outcome.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.41335,0.87186,0.47285,0.01532],[0.05882,0.89081,0.83821,0.01532],[0.05882,0.90975,0.18439,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p010-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p010-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-01","page":11,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Framework is NTAC's latest offering to support state and local violence prevention","quote":"The framework presented herein is the latest NTAC offering intended to support the violence prevention efforts of state and local law enforcement agencies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units","national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09981,0.82645,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11876,0.55693,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p011-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p011-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-02","page":11,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Steps describe how agencies can adopt Secret Service model principles to intervene","quote":"The steps that follow describe how agencies can adopt the principles of the Secret Service model to proactively identify and intervene with those who intend to carry out acts of targeted violence in their communities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.62555,0.11876,0.31154,0.01532],[0.05882,0.1377,0.88172,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15665,0.72394,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p011-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p011-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-03","page":11,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Steps are a non-prescriptive, scalable blueprint for agencies of varying size and resources","quote":"These steps are not intended to be prescriptive, but rather offer a scalable blueprint that can be implemented by agencies varying in size, structure, and resources, all of which share the Secret Service’s mission of preventing targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.79256,0.15665,0.13869,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17559,0.85983,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19454,0.87608,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21348,0.25718,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p011-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p011-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/introduction#p011-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-01","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Targeted violence has too often struck places Americans live, work, worship and learn","quote":"The places where we live, work, worship, and learn have far too often been impacted by acts of targeted violence, forcing Americans to question their own safety in the places they should feel the most secure.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.05882,0.44401,0.8634,0.01655],[0.05882,0.4642,0.85005,0.01655],[0.05882,0.4844,0.32045,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-02","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"Understanding targeted violence is required for communities to pursue prevention","quote":"Only by understanding the problem of targeted violence can communities begin to chart a path toward prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.3902,0.4844,0.55694,0.01655],[0.05882,0.5046,0.56711,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-03","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"definition","title":"Secret Service: targeted violence is premeditated, specific-target, any motive, not other crime","quote":"The Secret Service defines targeted violence as a premeditated act of violence directed at a specific individual, group, or location, regardless of motivation and generally unrelated to other criminal activity.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["key-terms-and-definitions","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.05882,0.54162,0.82352,0.01572],[0.05882,0.56091,0.84746,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57986,0.14151,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-04","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"definition","title":"Targeted violence includes assassination, mass shootings, workplace and school attacks, terrorism","quote":"In addition to assassination, this term encompasses other types of violence that have beset communities across the United States, including mass shootings, workplace violence, school attacks, and acts of terrorism.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.2086,0.57986,0.24629,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5988,0.33652,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61775,0.39925,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63669,0.39344,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65564,0.3947,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67458,0.10506,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-05","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"fact","title":"Over 25 years of NTAC research show no specific demographic attacker profile","quote":"Over 25 years of NTAC research on targeted violence has continued to reinforce that: • There is no specific demographic profile of an attacker.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: NTAC findings list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.05882,0.71057,0.39438,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72951,0.35879,0.01532],[0.07353,0.76393,0.38277,0.01825],[0.08824,0.78287,0.12652,0.01825]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-06","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"fact","title":"NTAC: risky individuals often communicate intentions though not always directly threatening","quote":"Those who pose a risk of violence do not always make direct threats prior to an attack but often communicate their intentions to those around them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: NTAC findings list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.08824,0.81317,0.82323,0.01825],[0.08824,0.83211,0.52341,0.01825]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-07","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"fact","title":"NTAC: attackers often elicit concern from others through behaviors or communications","quote":"Attackers often elicit concern from those around them because of their behaviors or communications.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: NTAC findings list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.08824,0.86241,0.76832,0.01825],[0.08824,0.88136,0.14976,0.01825]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-08","page":12,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"fact","title":"NTAC: bystander reporting and intervention can avert planned targeted attacks","quote":"Bystander reporting and intervention can avert planned acts of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: NTAC findings list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.08824,0.91165,0.74107,0.01825]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p012-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p012-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-01","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Secret Service says targeted violence is preventable with training and resources via BTAM","quote":"The Secret Service recognizes that preventing targeted violence is possible if communities are equipped with the training and resources necessary to identify individuals of concern, assess their risk of violence, and intervene appropriately, namely through behavioral threat assessment (also referred to as behavioral threat assessment and management or “BTAM”).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.05882,0.16,0.41048,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17895,0.39017,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19789,0.39968,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21684,0.39062,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23578,0.37389,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25438,0.43022,0.01572],[0.05882,0.27332,0.3759,0.01572],[0.05882,0.29261,0.41347,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-02","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"definition","title":"Behavioral threat assessment defined as an approach to proactively prevent targeted violence","quote":"Behavioral threat assessment is an approach to proactively prevent incidents of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.05882,0.31156,0.3963,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3305,0.38821,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34945,0.07396,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-03","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Principles below are established by NTAC research and Secret Service operational experience","quote":"NTAC research and Secret Service operational experience have established that behavioral threat assessment:","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles lead-in","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.1424,0.34945,0.3042,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36839,0.39898,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38734,0.25941,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-04","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"definition","title":"Callout defines BTA as a behavior-based approach to proactively prevent targeted violence","quote":"A behavior-based approach to proactively prevent incidents of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Definition callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.59941,0.27616,0.32211,0.0181],[0.59941,0.29763,0.33341,0.0181],[0.59941,0.3191,0.18444,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-05","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"BTA is a systematic risk management approach, unlike arrest-focused criminal investigation","quote":"Is a systematic risk management approach. Unlike traditional criminal investigations that focus on arrest and criminal prosecution, behavioral threat assessment involves determining if an individual poses a risk of violence while developing proactive management strategies to reduce the likelihood of a violent outcome.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.42291,0.84729,0.01572],[0.08824,0.44221,0.80831,0.01532],[0.08824,0.46115,0.85014,0.01532],[0.08824,0.48009,0.3097,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-06","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"BTA requires corroborating information from the individual, acquaintances and records","quote":"Requires corroboration from diverse sources. In addition to gathering information directly from the individual of concern, a behavioral threat assessment should evaluate information obtained from those who know the individual, as well as lawfully accessible information contained in records and other forms of documentation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.51004,0.8095,0.01572],[0.08824,0.52933,0.80684,0.01532],[0.08824,0.54827,0.77726,0.01532],[0.08824,0.56722,0.49604,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-07","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"BTA should use rapport-building techniques to support engagement and intervention","quote":"Emphasizes rapport building. A behavioral threat assessment should employ rapport-building techniques to facilitate positive engagement and successful intervention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.59716,0.83993,0.01572],[0.08824,0.61645,0.64403,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-08","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"Acting at first sign of concerning behavior, not waiting for threats, improves prevention","quote":"Utilizes a low threshold of concern. Acting at the first sign of concerning behavior, instead of waiting for a direct or explicit threat, improves the chances of preventing violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.6464,0.83191,0.01572],[0.08824,0.66569,0.72883,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-09","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"BTA enables early intervention addressing factors driving someone toward violence","quote":"Provides an avenue for early intervention. A behavioral threat assessment facilitates the delivery of appropriate interventions and resources as part of a violence prevention strategy that focuses on addressing the factors driving an individual toward violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 5","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.69564,0.78908,0.01572],[0.08824,0.71493,0.82102,0.01532],[0.08824,0.73388,0.67463,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-10","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"BTA is not profiling; it focuses on thinking and behavior, not demographics","quote":"Is not profiling. Rather than focusing on demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, age, race, or ethnicity), behavioral threat assessment prioritizes understanding an individual’s thinking and behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 6","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.76382,0.82777,0.01572],[0.08824,0.78311,0.81628,0.01532],[0.08824,0.80206,0.11667,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-11","page":13,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"BTA is not prediction; it should address concerning factors driving toward violence","quote":"Is not prediction. Rather than attempting to predict who will act violently, a behavioral threat assessment should focus on identifying and addressing the concerning factors that appear to be driving a person toward violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principle 7","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.08824,0.832,0.83253,0.01572],[0.08824,0.8513,0.83102,0.01532],[0.08824,0.87024,0.32013,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p013-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p013-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-01","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"Behavioral threat assessment should be approached with a prevention mindset","quote":"Behavioral threat assessment should be approached with a prevention mindset.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.05719,0.10207,0.35318,0.01532],[0.05719,0.12101,0.34468,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-02","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"definition","title":"Threat assessment's main aim is gathering information to assess and manage risk, i.e., prevention","quote":"The primary objective of a behavioral threat assessment is to gather information about an individual of concern in order to assess and manage the risk of violence they may pose—in other words, prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.41167,0.12101,0.03309,0.01532],[0.05719,0.13996,0.3528,0.01532],[0.05719,0.1589,0.40283,0.01532],[0.05719,0.17785,0.38616,0.01532],[0.05719,0.19679,0.41361,0.01532],[0.05719,0.21572,0.21261,0.01539]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-03","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Individuals of concern often have committed no crime, yet can still be assessed","quote":"Oftentimes, individuals eliciting concern have not violated a criminal statute, which serves as an important reminder that an individual need not commit a criminal offense before being the subject of a behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.2796,0.21574,0.20388,0.01532],[0.05719,0.23468,0.3981,0.01532],[0.05719,0.25363,0.41781,0.01532],[0.05719,0.27257,0.40382,0.01532],[0.05719,0.29151,0.42646,0.01532],[0.05719,0.31046,0.16148,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-04","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: family reports man angry at former boss who fired him, blaming him for divorce","quote":"Imagine a scenario in which a local law enforcement agency is notified by a concerned family member that their loved one has become increasingly angry at his former boss, who fired him after a series of disciplinary actions for safety violations. The individual of concern made comments about having nothing left to lose and claimed that his former boss was to blame for his recent divorce.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenario box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.58171,0.09674,0.35437,0.01825],[0.58171,0.11819,0.32777,0.01825],[0.58171,0.13965,0.32863,0.01825],[0.58171,0.16111,0.37741,0.01825],[0.58171,0.18257,0.36447,0.01825],[0.58171,0.20403,0.35187,0.01825],[0.58171,0.22549,0.33109,0.01825],[0.58171,0.24694,0.35214,0.01825],[0.58171,0.2684,0.35505,0.01825],[0.58171,0.28986,0.36758,0.01825]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-05","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"If a crime by the individual of concern comes to light, investigating it is appropriate","quote":"In some cases, however, it may come to light that the individual of concern has committed a crime, and once uncovered, it would be appropriate to investigate those criminal violations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.05719,0.34644,0.39693,0.01532],[0.05719,0.36539,0.40085,0.01532],[0.05719,0.38433,0.36576,0.01532],[0.05719,0.40328,0.36158,0.01532],[0.05719,0.42222,0.08565,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-06","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"Criminal investigations should run parallel to and coordinated with threat assessment","quote":"In these instances, any required criminal investigation should run parallel to, and in coordination with, a behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.15263,0.42222,0.28028,0.01532],[0.05719,0.44117,0.38695,0.01532],[0.05719,0.46011,0.39391,0.01532],[0.05719,0.47906,0.10256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-07","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"No-crime scenarios show prosecution should not be the primary aim of threat assessment","quote":"Concerning scenarios like this, in which no criminal violation has yet occurred, highlight how criminal prosecution should not be the primary objective of a behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenario box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.58171,0.37569,0.35793,0.01825],[0.58171,0.39715,0.34923,0.01825],[0.58171,0.41861,0.31774,0.01825],[0.58171,0.44007,0.36752,0.01825],[0.58171,0.46153,0.26576,0.01825]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-08","page":14,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"definition","title":"Threat assessment is proactive, early, behavior-focused; not investigation, security or profiling","quote":"is a proactive approach to violence prevention. | is not a criminal investigation. provides an avenue for early intervention. | is not a physical security measure. focuses on assessing and managing is not profiling. concerning behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Is / is not box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":14,"rects":[[0.55883,0.70979,0.26525,0.01572]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p014-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p014-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-01","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"fact","title":"Secret Service first developed threat assessment to prevent assassinations of leaders","quote":"The Secret Service originally developed behavioral threat assessment to prevent assassinations and safeguard the nation’s leaders.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: The Secret Service Model para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.05882,0.1398,0.84631,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15875,0.30624,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-02","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"evidence","title":"Process rests on NTAC finding that most attackers elicit concern from others beforehand","quote":"The process was built upon NTAC’s research which found that most individuals who engage in acts of targeted violence elicit concern in those around them prior to the attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: The Secret Service Model para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.37485,0.15875,0.55059,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17769,0.87801,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19663,0.11419,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-03","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Secret Service model identifies concerning individuals, assesses risk, and manages it","quote":"The Secret Service model, therefore, is designed to identify individuals displaying threatening or concerning behavior, gather information to assess if an individual poses a risk of violence, and then manage the risk by implementing appropriate interventions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: The Secret Service Model para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.18281,0.19629,0.72634,0.01572],[0.05882,0.21523,0.84523,0.01572],[0.05882,0.23418,0.69846,0.01572]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-04","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"fact","title":"Model adapted to all forms of targeted violence, with four example forms like terrorism","quote":"The Secret Service model has since been adapted to prevent all forms of targeted violence impacting communities in America, including acts of workplace violence, K–12 school shootings, terrorism, and mass attacks in public spaces.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: The Secret Service Model para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.05882,0.4599,0.80815,0.01532],[0.05882,0.47884,0.85244,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49779,0.39296,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-05","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Guide's steps help state and local police establish BTAUs to assess and intervene","quote":"The steps presented here are meant to guide state and local law enforcement as they establish behavioral threat assessment units (BTAUs) specifically designed to assess and intervene with individuals identified as posing a risk of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: This Guide's Framework para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.05882,0.57667,0.84329,0.01532],[0.05882,0.59527,0.79739,0.01572],[0.05882,0.61456,0.47412,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-06","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Establishing a BTAU requires operational policies and SOPs defining its functioning","quote":"Doing so requires the development of operational policies and standard operating procedures that clearly outline how the unit will function.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: This Guide's Framework para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.54256,0.61456,0.33696,0.01532],[0.05882,0.6335,0.81883,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65245,0.07367,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-07","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"A completed unit can receive and manage information including bystander reports","quote":"Once complete, the unit will be positioned to receive and manage information, including bystander reports about individuals displaying concerning behaviors in the community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units","bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: This Guide's Framework para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.14229,0.65245,0.78567,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67139,0.77152,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-08","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"BTAU assesses reported individuals' risk and develops management strategies if needed","quote":"The BTAU will then conduct an assessment to determine if the reported individuals pose a risk of violence, and if so, develop management strategies to reduce the likelihood of violent outcomes.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: This Guide's Framework para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.83861,0.67139,0.08858,0.01532],[0.05882,0.69034,0.85161,0.01532],[0.05882,0.70928,0.77093,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-09","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should promote a culture of prevention internally and with community partners","quote":"As part of this overall structure, the BTAU should continue to promote a culture of prevention, both within the agency itself and among its community partners.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: This Guide's Framework para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.83955,0.70928,0.08902,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72823,0.84845,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74717,0.4664,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-10","page":15,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU works with partners to prevent injury and death that research shows is preventable","quote":"In doing so, the BTAU will work alongside its partners to prevent the injury and loss of life that research continues to demonstrate is preventable.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: This Guide's Framework para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.53502,0.74717,0.36881,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76611,0.79758,0.01532],[0.05882,0.78506,0.1057,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p015-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p015-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-01","page":16,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"The framework has six steps, from establishing a BTAU to promoting a prevention culture","quote":"STEP 1: | Establish a Behavioral Threat Assessment Unit and Policy STEP 2: | Create Operational Protocols and Procedures STEP 3: | Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior STEP 4: | Gather Information to Assess for Risk STEP 5: | Develop Risk Management Strategies STEP 6: | Promote Continuous Improvement and a Culture of Prevention","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: The Framework","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":16,"rects":[[0.10949,0.16168,0.69652,0.02287]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-02","page":16,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"U.S. law enforcement has shown it can evolve operations to address emerging threats","quote":"Change can be challenging, but law enforcement in the United States has demonstrated the ability to evolve its operations to better address emerging threats to public safety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.05882,0.47903,0.87755,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49798,0.66894,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-03","page":16,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Police evolution examples include crisis and mental health responses and anti-tech-crime techniques","quote":"Examples range from the incorporation of crisis intervention and mental health responses into daily police operations, to the adoption of new investigative techniques to counter the criminal use of advanced technologies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.73603,0.49798,0.14212,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51692,0.79609,0.01532],[0.05882,0.53587,0.79722,0.01532],[0.05882,0.55481,0.20612,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-04","page":16,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement has long used preventive measures like welfare checks and drug education","quote":"Similarly, law enforcement has long promoted the general welfare of the communities they serve and protect through preventive measures, including welfare checks, traffic and crowd control, drunk driving prevention, and drug abuse education.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.27474,0.55481,0.60735,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57375,0.85352,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5927,0.6942,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-05","page":16,"section":"about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment","type":"conclusion","title":"Threat assessment adoption is a more structured prevention approach and natural policing progression","quote":"The adoption of behavioral threat assessment reflects a movement toward a more structured approach to targeted violence prevention and is a natural progression of the public safety role law enforcement has historically played in the United States.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.76282,0.5927,0.14264,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61164,0.87602,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63059,0.83315,0.01532],[0.05882,0.64953,0.34179,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p016-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/about-targeted-violence-and-behavioral-threat-assessment#p016-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-01","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Prevention needs a mindset plus a policy defining BTAU authority, objectives and case threshold","quote":"Preventing targeted violence requires a prevention mindset along with a clearly defined policy that establishes the BTAU within an agency while clarifying the unit’s legal authorities, operational objectives, and threshold for initiating cases.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.05882,0.52103,0.86523,0.01655],[0.05882,0.54122,0.79844,0.01655],[0.05882,0.56142,0.67125,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-02","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"A written policy sets BTAU parameters and ensures it operates as intended","quote":"Creating a written policy establishes these parameters and ensures the BTAU operates as intended.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.74123,0.56142,0.17815,0.01655],[0.05882,0.58162,0.7875,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-03","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Agencies establishing a BTAU must first recognize targeted violence is preventable","quote":"When establishing a BTAU, law enforcement agencies must first recognize that targeted violence is preventable.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Adopt a prevention mindset","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.05882,0.66192,0.86321,0.01532],[0.05882,0.68086,0.12477,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-04","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"Attack planners almost always show concerning behaviors, allowing intervention before violence","quote":"As research continues to show, individuals planning acts of targeted violence almost always exhibit observable concerning behaviors, offering opportunities for intervention and redirection before criminal behavior or violence occurs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-behavior","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Adopt a prevention mindset","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.19321,0.68086,0.68516,0.01532],[0.05882,0.69981,0.87846,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71875,0.4873,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-05","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Law enforcement can act proactively on targeted violence, not only react to crimes","quote":"It is important for agencies to internalize this concept of prevention and recognize that law enforcement can be proactive in addressing targeted violence and are not limited to reactive responses to crimes or active assailants.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Adopt a prevention mindset","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.55592,0.71875,0.36172,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7377,0.83956,0.01532],[0.05882,0.75664,0.78741,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-06","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Structured threat assessment can help agencies lawfully prevent future loss of life","quote":"A structured behavioral threat assessment process can empower agencies, within all existing legal and constitutional parameters, to prevent future tragedies and loss of life.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Adopt a prevention mindset","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.85603,0.75664,0.0142,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77559,0.85327,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79453,0.65013,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-07","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU success depends on senior agency leadership support and direction","quote":"The success of BTAU operations is dependent upon senior agency leadership support and direction.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["agency-leadership-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Recognize leadership","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.05882,0.87341,0.801,0.01532],[0.05882,0.89235,0.07912,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-08","page":17,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Agency leadership must support the behavioral threat assessment mission","quote":"Agency leadership must be supportive of the behavioral threat assessment mission","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["agency-leadership-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Recognize leadership","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.14774,0.89235,0.73947,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p017-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p017-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-01","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Agency leadership must promote the agency-wide prevention mindset","quote":"and promote the agency-wide prevention mindset.","tag":"I","reason":"The sentence crosses a page break: this quote is the page 18 part and the sentence begins on page 17 (claim p017-08). Full sentence (pages 17–18): “Agency leadership must be supportive of the behavioral threat assessment mission and promote the agency-wide prevention mindset.”","concepts":["agency-leadership-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Leadership para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09981,0.4478,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-02","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Leadership must integrate the BTAU on equal footing with other agency components","quote":"Additionally, agency leadership must also ensure that a BTAU is fully integrated into the agency’s organization on equal footing to other components in the agency.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["agency-leadership-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Leadership para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.51642,0.09981,0.36909,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11876,0.83572,0.01532],[0.05882,0.1377,0.23713,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-03","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Leadership can promote prevention externally via partnerships and information sharing","quote":"Externally, agency leadership can help promote a prevention mindset to other community organizations through the creation and strengthening of partnerships and through information-sharing efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["agency-leadership-support","community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Leadership para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.30422,0.1377,0.61647,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15665,0.84063,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17559,0.3165,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-04","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Six roles of agency leadership in building a BTAU, including allocating resources","quote":"The role of agency leadership in the establishment and development of a BTAU includes: • promoting an agency-wide prevention mindset; • overseeing the development of agency policies for conducting behavioral threat assessments; • procuring and allocating resources, including personnel, funding, and training; • promoting the BTAU as a life-saving agency resource to other community organizations; • inspiring purpose among the BTAU and other agency personnel more broadly; and • understanding that successful violence prevention efforts may be difficult to measure with data.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["agency-leadership-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Leadership role list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.05882,0.21158,0.78905,0.01532],[0.07353,0.2473,0.43815,0.01659],[0.07353,0.2776,0.85082,0.01659],[0.07353,0.3079,0.7079,0.01659],[0.07353,0.33821,0.80199,0.01659],[0.07353,0.36851,0.75154,0.01659],[0.07353,0.39881,0.86457,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-05","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU policies should identify the source of the agency's assessment authority","quote":"BTAU policies should clearly identify from where the law enforcement agency draws its authority to conduct behavioral threat assessments.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Legal authorities para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.05882,0.47229,0.86299,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49123,0.37096,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-06","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"Secret Service authority is established by Title 18 U.S. Code § 3056","quote":"For example, the Secret Service’s investigative and protective authority is established by Title 18, United States Code, § 3056 (Powers, Authorities, and Duties of the United States Secret Service).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Legal authorities para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.43958,0.49123,0.45157,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51018,0.84423,0.01532],[0.05882,0.52912,0.41233,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-07","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"State and local police powers come from ordinances and statutes to prevent crime","quote":"As public entities, state and local law enforcement agencies across the United States draw their police powers from local ordinances and state statutes, which generally grant them the authority to detect and prevent crime, to safeguard life and property, and to preserve the peace.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Legal authorities para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.48821,0.52912,0.44803,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54807,0.81197,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56701,0.85506,0.01532],[0.05882,0.58596,0.3584,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-08","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Behavioral threat assessment can serve as one preventive crime-reduction method","quote":"Law enforcement agencies routinely take steps to reduce opportunities for crime through preventive measures, and behavioral threat assessment can serve as one such method of prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Legal authorities para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.42683,0.58596,0.51012,0.01532],[0.05882,0.6049,0.86934,0.01532],[0.05882,0.62384,0.30422,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-09","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs can sit in state and local law enforcement or state and regional fusion centers","quote":"BTAUs can be established within state and local law enforcement agencies, as well as within state and regional fusion centers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Placement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.05882,0.70272,0.86772,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72166,0.24119,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-10","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Host agency type dictates a unit's authorities, resources and geographic jurisdiction","quote":"The type of agency to establish the unit will dictate the authorities under which the unit operates, the resources available (e.g., staffing, funding, and technology), and the unit’s geographic jurisdiction.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Placement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.30981,0.72166,0.59208,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74061,0.84059,0.01532],[0.05882,0.75955,0.33086,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-11","page":18,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Agencies should consider how best to position a BTAU in their organization","quote":"Agencies should consider how a BTAU can be most effectively positioned within their overall organization.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Placement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.39948,0.75955,0.45795,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7785,0.47943,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p018-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p018-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-01","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"State law enforcement agencies and fusion centers nationwide have developed BTAUs","quote":"BTAUs have been developed by state law enforcement agencies and within fusion centers across the country.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.05882,0.14662,0.36751,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16556,0.35531,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18451,0.23652,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-02","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conjecture","title":"State agencies may have more authority and resources; fusion centers aid sharing","quote":"State agencies may operate with broader authorities and with greater resources than smaller local agencies, and fusion centers provide law enforcement with opportunities to share information and intelligence, collaborate with partner agencies, maximize their resources, and streamline their processes.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.30361,0.18451,0.13083,0.01532],[0.05882,0.20345,0.41536,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2224,0.40578,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24134,0.39129,0.01532],[0.05882,0.26029,0.38882,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27923,0.41501,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29818,0.40932,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31712,0.08838,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-03","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"NCSBI placed its BeTA Unit within the ISAAC fusion center for proactive violence prevention","quote":"The North Carolina State Bureau of Investigation (NCSBI), for example, chose to establish its Behavioral Threat Assessment Unit, known as the BeTA Unit, as a part of the North Carolina Information Sharing and Analysis Center (ISAAC) with the goal of taking a proactive approach to violence prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs","fusion-centers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.157,0.31712,0.28903,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33606,0.39373,0.01532],[0.05882,0.35501,0.40257,0.01532],[0.05882,0.37395,0.40515,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3929,0.42997,0.01532],[0.05882,0.41184,0.74406,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-04","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"NC law granting fusion center authority to analyze school and worship threats aided BeTA placement","quote":"One of the contributing factors to establishing the BeTA Unit in the ISAAC, a state fusion center, was the North Carolina General Assembly’s decision to provide the state fusion center with express legal authority to analyze information related to any threat of violence to an individual in a school or a place of worship (NC Gen Stat § 143B–929, 2022).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","example-btau-programs","fusion-centers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.81268,0.41184,0.09496,0.01532],[0.05882,0.43079,0.82893,0.01532],[0.05882,0.44973,0.85539,0.01532],[0.05882,0.46868,0.86051,0.01532],[0.05882,0.48762,0.43352,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-05","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"Hawai'i fusion center supports a team identifying, assessing, managing imminent or anticipated risk","quote":"Other examples include the Hawai’i State Fusion Center (HSFC), which supports Threat Team Hawai’i (TTH), a multidisciplinary team that identifies, assesses, and manages situations where the risk of targeted violence is imminent and/or anticipated.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs","fusion-centers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.05882,0.52351,0.82907,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54246,0.87237,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5614,0.49553,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-06","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"DC HSEMA set up a threat assessment and management program within the DC Fusion Center","quote":"Similarly, in the nation’s capital, the DC Homeland Security and Emergency Management Agency (HSEMA) established a behavioral threat assessment and management program as a part of the DC Fusion Center.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs","fusion-centers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.56415,0.5614,0.34528,0.01532],[0.05882,0.58035,0.87762,0.01532],[0.05882,0.59929,0.64968,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-07","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Fusion centers' prevention focus aligns with threat assessment, making them effective BTAU homes","quote":"Fusion centers allow multiple law enforcement agencies to share resources and information with the common goal of safeguarding the homeland and preventing crime and threats to public safety. Such a focus on prevention aligns with the primary objective of behavioral threat assessment, making fusion centers effective placements for BTAUs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.05882,0.63528,0.81387,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65422,0.80053,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67317,0.84281,0.01532],[0.05882,0.69211,0.59403,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-08","page":19,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Local agencies can ask fusion centers about existing programs and forming a collaborating BTAU","quote":"Local agencies seeking to establish a BTAU can contact their local fusion centers and other regional partners to determine if such programs already exist and how they can create an agency-level BTAU that could collaborate with existing programs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: State agencies para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.66265,0.69211,0.22956,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71106,0.85413,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73,0.78766,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74894,0.30915,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p019-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p019-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-01","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs can be set up in local agencies such as city police and sheriff's offices","quote":"BTAUs can also be established within local law enforcement agencies, including city police departments and sheriff’s offices.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12642,0.80554,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14536,0.29257,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-02","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"LAPD created its Threat Management Unit in July 1990 after rising fixated behavior at public figures","quote":"For example, in July of 1990, the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) established the Threat Management Unit (TMU) due to a disturbing increase in obsessive, fixated, and sometimes violent behavior directed at high-profile public figures.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.36119,0.14536,0.57446,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16431,0.86677,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18325,0.69357,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-03","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"TMU initially enabled direct reporting and quick response to celebrity stalking","quote":"The TMU was initially created to facilitate direct reporting of and a timely response to the stalking behaviors of those who persistently attempted to contact area celebrities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.76219,0.18325,0.11924,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2022,0.86128,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22114,0.53928,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-04","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"LAPD saw need for a unit offering nontraditional services to manage individuals before escalation","quote":"The LAPD determined there was a need to develop a specialized unit capable of providing nontraditional law enforcement services to intervene and manage individuals of concern before the potential for violence escalated further.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.6079,0.22114,0.30577,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24008,0.85525,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25903,0.87334,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-05","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"TMU today handles aggravated stalking, threats to city officials and city workplace violence","quote":"Today, the TMU is responsible for investigating and providing early intervention for aggravated stalking cases, criminal threat cases directed at elected city officials, and workplace violence cases involving city employees and departments, with the overall aim of managing cases before violence occurs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.05882,0.27797,0.84184,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29692,0.87773,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31586,0.87743,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33481,0.05917,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-06","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"TMU staffs the LA City Threat Assessment Team and liaises with studios, federal and state units","quote":"The TMU also staffs the Los Angeles City Threat Assessment Team and liaises to maintain relationships with entertainment studios, the Secret Service, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the California Highway Patrol’s Dignitary Protection Unit, and other similar units.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.13407,0.33475,0.79568,0.01532],[0.05883,0.3537,0.85713,0.01532],[0.05883,0.37264,0.70858,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-07","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"Pinellas County Sheriff's Office in Florida formed its Threat Management Division in 2021","quote":"As another example, the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office (PCSO) in Florida established its Threat Management Division in 2021.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.05883,0.40863,0.85354,0.01532],[0.05883,0.42757,0.25916,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-08","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"PCSO division's mission is early identification of targeted violence indicators and action","quote":"The Threat Management Division’s mission is to identify indicators of potential targeted violence as early as possible and to act before they become actual threats or result in violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.32778,0.42757,0.58808,0.01532],[0.05883,0.44652,0.87485,0.01532],[0.05883,0.46546,0.15008,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-09","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"71-member PCSO division also houses mental health, mass casualty and intelligence units","quote":"In addition to its specific threat management functions, the 71-member division also houses the agency’s mental health unit, mass casualty planning unit, and intelligence lead policing section.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.21852,0.46546,0.70635,0.01532],[0.05883,0.4844,0.83723,0.01532],[0.05883,0.50335,0.14092,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-10","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"PCSO units jointly manage individuals, give field mental health, site safety and assailant training","quote":"These units work in concert to prevent targeted violence by identifying, assessing, and managing individuals who have exhibited concerning behavior; providing field-based mental health services; assessing site safety at schools and other critical infrastructure; and conducting active assailant response training.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.20954,0.50335,0.73059,0.01532],[0.05883,0.52229,0.8609,0.01532],[0.05883,0.54124,0.85089,0.01532],[0.05883,0.56018,0.29493,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-11","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"Florida law mandates public school threat programs; PCSO runs one for private schools","quote":"Public schools in Florida are mandated by law to have threat management programs, but PCSO also operates a dedicated school-based threat management program for private schools throughout Pinellas County.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.36355,0.56018,0.53878,0.01532],[0.05883,0.57913,0.84807,0.01532],[0.05883,0.59807,0.49645,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-12","page":20,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"PCSO community partners incl. mental health, schools, prosecutor meet weekly on open cases","quote":"PCSO has partnered with several multidisciplinary community entities, including community mental health providers, school district representatives, the local prosecutor’s office, and the state probation office, all of whom meet weekly to support open threat management cases.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Local Law Enforcement para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.56355,0.59807,0.35,0.01532],[0.05883,0.61702,0.82742,0.01532],[0.05883,0.63596,0.83454,0.01532],[0.05883,0.6549,0.4485,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p020-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p020-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-01","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"BTA programs can be interagency collaborations with no sole managing entity","quote":"Behavioral threat assessment programs can also be established as interagency collaborations without a sole managing entity.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.09314,0.17842,0.69948,0.01532],[0.09314,0.19737,0.40788,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-02","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Interagency programs generally advise and support agencies without owning assessments","quote":"These types of programs generally serve in a consultative or advisory capacity, offering support and resources to member and non-member agencies without assuming formal ownership of an assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.50928,0.19737,0.38322,0.01532],[0.09314,0.21631,0.78373,0.01532],[0.09314,0.23526,0.64105,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-03","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"ROCTAC is an advisory team for information sharing and threat management in Rochester","quote":"For example, the Rochester Threat Advisory Committee (ROCTAC) is a behavioral threat assessment advisory team created to facilitate information sharing and coordinate threat management around Rochester, NY.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.09314,0.27124,0.78822,0.01532],[0.09314,0.29019,0.79208,0.01532],[0.09314,0.30913,0.31672,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-04","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"ROCTAC members span law enforcement, schools, mental health, worship and business partners","quote":"Participating agencies include federal, state, and local law enforcement and other government agencies, along with universities, K–12 schools, mental health professionals, houses of worship, corporations, and community outreach partners.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.42373,0.30911,0.4787,0.01532],[0.09314,0.32805,0.7724,0.01532],[0.09314,0.347,0.7722,0.01532],[0.09314,0.36594,0.07483,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-05","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"ROCTAC meets regularly; presenting agency keeps the case while others advise and share","quote":"The advisory team meets regularly, and any participating member agency can present a case to the team. While all responsibilities associated with the case remain with the presenting agency, other agencies in the advisory group can make recommendations about possible intervention options and share resources when appropriate.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.17776,0.36594,0.69452,0.01532],[0.09314,0.38488,0.79588,0.01532],[0.09314,0.40383,0.79266,0.01532],[0.09314,0.42277,0.663,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-06","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Interagency partnerships help ensure collaboration and sharing when warning signs exist","quote":"These types of interagency partnerships help ensure collaboration and information sharing during situations where warning signs or risk factors for violence are present.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.09314,0.45876,0.73678,0.01532],[0.09314,0.4777,0.75265,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-07","page":21,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Interagency groups can follow many of the guide's threat assessment principles","quote":"Such interagency groups can follow many of the behavioral threat assessment principles presented in this guide.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["organizational-placement-of-btaus"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Interagency Alternative para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.09314,0.49665,0.78766,0.01532],[0.09314,0.51559,0.20399,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p021-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p021-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-01","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should be staffed by law enforcement trained in working with community partners","quote":"BTAUs should be staffed by law enforcement personnel who have training and experience working with partners across the community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.05882,0.16569,0.80004,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18463,0.3986,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-02","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"BTAU staff may include those experienced in crisis intervention or mental health systems","quote":"This may include personnel with experience in crisis intervention or officers with experience navigating the mental health system and social services.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.46569,0.18463,0.41029,0.01532],[0.05882,0.20357,0.82352,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22252,0.07173,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-03","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU members should be trained on threat assessment research and best practices","quote":"Those assigned to BTAUs should also receive training specifically on behavioral threat assessment research and best practices.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.14035,0.22252,0.76304,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24146,0.3529,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-04","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Members should understand intervening on warning signs can prevent tragedies","quote":"All BTAU members should understand that tragedies can be prevented by recognizing and appropriately intervening when warning signs of targeted violence are present.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.42151,0.24146,0.46987,0.01532],[0.05882,0.26041,0.85012,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27935,0.18006,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-05","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"BTAU size may vary because the preventive approach is scalable","quote":"BTAUs may vary in size, as this preventive approach allows for scalability.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.05882,0.31534,0.64709,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-06","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Agencies lacking resources could start with one designated violence prevention officer","quote":"An agency that lacks the resources to establish a BTAU could begin with a single, designated violence prevention officer who maintains the responsibility of gathering information and managing situations involving a potential for violence and who leverages assistance as needed.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.71418,0.31534,0.18696,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33428,0.87861,0.01532],[0.05882,0.35323,0.83733,0.01532],[0.05882,0.37217,0.5549,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-07","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"New BTAUs can start with a small core team that may grow with resources","quote":"New BTAUs can also be established with a small, initial core team, which may develop in size and sophistication as additional resources become available.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.62352,0.37217,0.31695,0.01532],[0.05882,0.39112,0.87931,0.01532],[0.05882,0.41006,0.15502,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-08","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"LAPD TMU grew from three detectives and a supervisor to five detectives and one OIC","quote":"For example, at the time of this writing, the LAPD TMU was staffed with five case-carrying detectives and one officer-in-charge, an expansion from the TMU’s original structure of three detectives and one supervisor.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support","example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.22346,0.41006,0.67682,0.01532],[0.05882,0.42901,0.87626,0.01532],[0.05882,0.44795,0.34346,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-09","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Larger units can add analysts, psychologists, counsel or agency liaisons if resources allow","quote":"If resources allow, larger agency units can utilize multidisciplinary support to enhance the efforts of their law enforcement staff by including intelligence analysts, a staff psychologist, legal counsel, or liaison positions from other agencies (e.g., detailees from local courts, mental health systems, or school districts).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.05882,0.48387,0.85925,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50281,0.87631,0.01532],[0.05882,0.52176,0.8783,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5407,0.1348,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-10","page":22,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"NCSBI BeTA Unit has eight officers, one analyst, two psychologists and a social worker","quote":"For example, at the time of this writing, the NCSBI BeTA Unit is staffed by eight law enforcement personnel (one assistant special agent in charge and seven special agents) one intelligence analyst, two psychologists, and one social worker.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-staffing-and-multidisciplinary-support","example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Staffing para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.21086,0.5407,0.70808,0.01532],[0.05882,0.55964,0.85675,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57859,0.54591,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p022-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p022-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-01","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"fact","title":"State and federal grants exist to support BTAUs, training and bystander reporting programs","quote":"At the time of this writing, there are grant programs at the state and federal levels created to support the establishment of BTAUs and related functions, including funds for behavioral threat assessment training and for the development of bystander reporting programs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["funding-and-grant-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Funding para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12642,0.8033,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14536,0.81581,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16431,0.75916,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-02","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"DHS TVTP Grant Program aims to boost local capacity to prevent targeted violence and terrorism","quote":"For example, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Targeted Violence and Terrorism Prevention (TVTP) Grant Program is dedicated to enhancing the capabilities of local communities to prevent targeted violence and terrorism.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["funding-and-grant-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Funding para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.82778,0.16431,0.03041,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18325,0.81892,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2022,0.86887,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22114,0.3791,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-03","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"TVTP grants back evidence-based local prevention tools that protect civil rights and privacy","quote":"TVTP grants support the DHS approach to violence prevention, which focuses on providing local communities with evidence-based tools to prevent violence while protecting civil rights, civil liberties, and privacy rights.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["funding-and-grant-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Funding para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.44772,0.22114,0.4583,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24008,0.8531,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25903,0.61334,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-04","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"TVTP is open to state, local, tribal, territorial agencies, higher education and nonprofits","quote":"The TVTP Grant Program is open to state, local, tribal, and territorial government agencies; institutions of higher education; and nonprofit organizations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["funding-and-grant-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Funding para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.68196,0.25903,0.24355,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27797,0.84813,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29692,0.24766,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-05","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"TVTP lists enhancing local threat assessment and management as a top priority","quote":"The TVTP Grant Program has named “Enhancing Local Threat Assessment and Management Capabilities” as one of its top priorities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["funding-and-grant-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Funding para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.31628,0.29692,0.55027,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31586,0.61764,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-06","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"A BTAU policy within agency policy sets the program's guiding principles and parameters","quote":"Establishing a BTAU policy within the broader agency’s policy allows the organization to establish the guiding principles and parameters of the program.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Policy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.05882,0.39473,0.78691,0.01532],[0.05882,0.41367,0.56272,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-07","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Policy can state legal authorities, unit objectives and case initiation threshold","quote":"The agency can articulate the legal authorities under which the unit will operate, specify unit objectives, and clarify the threshold for case initiation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Policy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.63134,0.41367,0.26409,0.01532],[0.05882,0.43261,0.87778,0.01532],[0.05882,0.45156,0.15395,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-08","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Written policy should open with a policy statement establishing shared mission and scope","quote":"Drafting a written policy should begin with a policy statement, through which the agency will establish a shared vision of the program’s mission and ensure the BTAU members work within the program’s intended scope.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Policy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.05882,0.48755,0.83025,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50649,0.86784,0.01532],[0.05882,0.52543,0.23251,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-09","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conjecture","title":"Defined parameters can help educate community on BTA purpose and community role in prevention","quote":"Defining the parameters of the program can also assist an organization with educating the larger community and other interested partners on the purpose of behavioral threat assessment and the role community members play in prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Policy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.30095,0.52543,0.63232,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54438,0.86058,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56332,0.63357,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-10","page":23,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Sample policy template commits a BTAU to identify, assess and manage individuals of concern","quote":"[Name of agency/organization] is committed to [list objectives]. In support of that commitment, this policy specifically addresses the implementation of [name of BTAU], which will be dedicated to taking a proactive approach to the prevention of targeted violence in [community/jurisdiction]. Staffed by [operational makeup of BTAU], [name of BTAU]’s mission is to identify, assess, and manage individuals of concern within [community/jurisdiction] before the risk of potential violence escalates to physical harm. [Name of agency/organization] will achieve this mission by [describe BTAU approach/process].","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Sample Policy Statement","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.10103,0.69391,0.7272,0.01532],[0.09314,0.71286,0.77093,0.01532],[0.09314,0.7318,0.7552,0.01532],[0.09314,0.75074,0.76913,0.01532],[0.09314,0.76969,0.72837,0.01532],[0.09314,0.78863,0.7332,0.01532],[0.09314,0.80758,0.72564,0.01532],[0.09314,0.82652,0.16153,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p023-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p023-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-01","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU policies should align unit objectives with behavioral threat assessment objectives","quote":"BTAU policies should ensure that the objectives of the unit align with the objectives of behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Identify Unit Objectives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.05882,0.1398,0.86613,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15875,0.16148,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-02","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Behavioral threat assessment's primary objective is prevention rather than prosecution","quote":"The primary objective of a behavioral threat assessment is prevention, not criminal prosecution.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Identify Unit Objectives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.23009,0.15875,0.65885,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17769,0.18171,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-03","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should prioritize risk assessment and management even when prosecution may be warranted","quote":"Although criminal prosecution may be required or warranted in certain instances (see STEP 5: Develop Risk Management Strategies), BTAUs should prioritize the assessment and management of risk as the unit’s primary objective.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Identify Unit Objectives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.25033,0.17769,0.6296,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19663,0.79771,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21558,0.5982,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-04","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Many cases may lack a crime yet need action to help someone in crisis or mitigate risk","quote":"Many cases may not involve a criminal violation but will still require action to assist an individual in crisis or mitigate the potential risk for violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Identify Unit Objectives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.66664,0.21558,0.26416,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23452,0.87809,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25347,0.14124,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-05","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"Secret Service policy makes risk evaluation primary and criminal investigation secondary","quote":"As an example, Secret Service policy states that the primary objective of Secret Service Protective Intelligence investigations is to gather and evaluate information about potential risks to the people, places, and events the agency protects. Secret Service policy clearly establishes that investigating violations of federal criminal statute as part of a Protective Intelligence investigation is a secondary objective.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Identify Unit Objectives para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.05882,0.28945,0.87663,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3084,0.88226,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32734,0.87351,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34629,0.88239,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36523,0.08182,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-06","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Any BTAU's primary objective should be violence prevention, whatever its host agency","quote":"Although BTAU objectives may differ based on the agency in which the unit resides, the primary objective of any BTAU should be violence prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Identify Unit Objectives para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.15025,0.36523,0.78274,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38418,0.54574,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-07","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU policies should set case-initiation thresholds beyond crimes or direct threats","quote":"BTAU policies should clearly establish the thresholds for initiating a behavioral threat assessment, and those thresholds should not be limited to criminal behaviors or direct threats.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.05882,0.46303,0.86765,0.01532],[0.05882,0.48198,0.72227,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-08","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"evidence","title":"Secret Service opens investigations on concerning interest in protectees, not only direct threats","quote":"For example, while making a direct threat against the president would initiate a behavioral threat assessment, it is not the Secret Service’s sole threshold. The Secret Service initiates a Protective Intelligence investigation when an individual displays a threatening or concerning direction of interest toward any person or place protected by the agency.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.79089,0.48198,0.11498,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50092,0.8538,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51987,0.84894,0.01532],[0.05882,0.53881,0.86394,0.01532],[0.05882,0.55776,0.40157,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-09","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should initiate assessments in response to concerning behaviors","quote":"Similarly, a BTAU should initiate a behavioral threat assessment in response to concerning behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.05882,0.59339,0.79855,0.01572],[0.05882,0.61234,0.08854,0.01572]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-10","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"definition","title":"Concerning behaviors defined as troubling actions or communications indicating violence risk","quote":"Concerning behaviors include actions or communications by an individual that are troubling or inappropriate and indicate a potential risk of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-behavior","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.15716,0.61269,0.73119,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63163,0.5865,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-11","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"definition","title":"Concerning behaviors span criminal and non-criminal acts and may include stalking or self-harm","quote":"Concerning behaviors exist along a continuum of criminal and non-criminal activities and may include escalating interpersonal disputes, grievances, concerning social media content, stalking and harassing, obsessions with violence, idolizing past attackers, fixating on people or locations, suicidal ideations, self-harm, unusual levels of aggression, threats, or other behaviors that elicit concerns for safety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.65494,0.63163,0.24126,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65058,0.87599,0.01532],[0.05882,0.66952,0.83802,0.01532],[0.05882,0.68846,0.83391,0.01532],[0.05882,0.70741,0.76088,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-12","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment threshold should cover the whole behavior continuum, not just criminal nexus","quote":"As such, the threshold for initiating a behavioral threat assessment should include behaviors along this entire continuum, not only behaviors that have a criminal nexus.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.82797,0.70741,0.10867,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72635,0.85472,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7453,0.50729,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-13","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Criminal investigations run parallel to the assessment when crimes occurred","quote":"When criminal acts have occurred, the resulting criminal investigation will occur parallel to the behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.57591,0.7453,0.34165,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76424,0.75583,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-14","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Early intervention is core to BTAUs steering situations away from violence","quote":"Early intervention is at the core of a BTAU’s involvement in managing concerning behaviors, with an emphasis on guiding the outcome of the situation to an end that does not result in violence or other criminal behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.05882,0.80023,0.86082,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81917,0.84137,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83812,0.23109,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-15","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must operate with understanding of constitutional rights such as free speech","quote":"In doing so, BTAUs must operate with an understanding of individual rights protected by the U.S. Constitution, including freedom of speech.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.29809,0.83812,0.61168,0.01532],[0.05882,0.85706,0.62498,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-16","page":24,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"conclusion","title":"Within those protections, BTAUs should keep a low threshold of concern for early intervention","quote":"Within the boundaries of these protections, BTAUs should operate with a low threshold of concern, promoting early intervention and de-escalation wherever possible.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Thresholds para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.6936,0.85706,0.19787,0.01532],[0.05882,0.87601,0.82722,0.01532],[0.05882,0.89495,0.43755,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-16","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-16","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-16, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-16","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-16, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-16\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p024-16</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p024-16","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-01","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: parents report paranoid 21-year-old son driving to capital to see governor","quote":"Parents notify law enforcement that their 21-year-old son is driving to the state capital. They state he has recently grown paranoid about the government spying on him and say that he wants to speak to the governor.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.17842,0.77118,0.01532],[0.09967,0.19737,0.78899,0.01532],[0.09967,0.21631,0.3475,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-02","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: recently fired woman says former boss will get what he deserves","quote":"An individual shows up at her former workplace following a recent termination, stating that her former boss is going to “get what he deserves.”","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.24661,0.7705,0.01532],[0.09967,0.26555,0.4866,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-03","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: armed felon arrested carrying handwritten list of family and coworker names","quote":"Police receive reports from a family member of a convicted felon who is in possession of firearms. After police arrest the individual for the federal weapons violation, a search of the felon’s person produces a handwritten list of names, including several family members and former coworkers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.29585,0.76365,0.01532],[0.09967,0.31479,0.77562,0.01532],[0.09967,0.33374,0.73554,0.01532],[0.09967,0.35268,0.28526,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-04","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: ex-husband under restraining order shouts he will return for his children","quote":"An individual who has a history of violent outbursts arrives at the home of his ex-wife, who has a restraining order filed against him. After unsuccessfully demanding to see his children, over whom the wife has full legal custody, he leaves the property while shouting, “I’ll be back, and I will get my children.”","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.38297,0.76394,0.01532],[0.09967,0.40191,0.75017,0.01532],[0.09967,0.42086,0.74109,0.01532],[0.09967,0.4398,0.42443,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-05","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: withdrawn worker posts violent retribution songs and skips work","quote":"Coworkers notify law enforcement after they notice an individual is sharing songs and images on social media about violence and retribution. In the weeks prior, his work performance decreased drastically, and he began to withdraw socially from coworkers, with whom he had previously been friendly. On the day he posted the violent songs on social media, he did not show up to work.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.47009,0.76376,0.01532],[0.09967,0.48904,0.73582,0.01532],[0.09967,0.50798,0.77102,0.01532],[0.09967,0.52692,0.77212,0.01532],[0.09967,0.54587,0.36569,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-06","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: politically aggrieved woman wants to do something big and sells possessions","quote":"Concerned friends notify law enforcement that their friend has recently expressed growing dissatisfaction with the current political climate, and she feels motivated to “do something big” to bring attention to the problems. The friends reported the individual has recently started selling off her possessions and has stated that she “would rather die than see the country continue in its current state.”","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.57615,0.72959,0.01532],[0.09967,0.5951,0.78283,0.01532],[0.09967,0.61404,0.76507,0.01532],[0.09967,0.63298,0.78728,0.01532],[0.09967,0.65193,0.43379,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-07","page":25,"section":"step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy","type":"statement","title":"Scenario: student idolizing past school attacker writes of emulating him; parents unresponsive","quote":"A school contacts local law enforcement about a student expressing fascination with a past school attacker. The student completed a school writing assignment about how he idolizes the school attacker and hopes to emulate him. The school has tried repeatedly to engage with the student’s parents, but they have been unresponsive.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Scenarios box","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.09967,0.68221,0.77107,0.01532],[0.09967,0.70116,0.77882,0.01532],[0.09967,0.7201,0.77175,0.01532],[0.09967,0.73905,0.63233,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p025-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-1-establish-a-behavioral-threat-assessment-unit-and-policy#p025-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-01","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must establish operating protocols for the unit","quote":"BTAUs must establish protocols by which the units will operate.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.05882,0.57658,0.61917,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-02","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Documented procedures clarify processes, roles and responsibilities","quote":"Documenting these procedures allows for a clear understanding of processes, roles, and responsibilities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.68896,0.57658,0.19271,0.01655],[0.05882,0.59678,0.82348,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-03","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Written protocols promote consistency and enable future program evaluation","quote":"Creating written protocols also promotes consistency and continuity while setting the stage for future program evaluation and development.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity","standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.05882,0.61698,0.84615,0.01655],[0.05882,0.63717,0.53005,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-04","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"definition","title":"Policies set the 'what' of the program while SOPs outline daily 'how'","quote":"While agency policies establish the guiding principles and parameters of the behavioral threat assessment program (the “what”), standard operating procedures (SOPs) outline the stages of the BTAU’s daily operations (the “how”).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["btau-policy-and-legal-authority","standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Establish SOPs para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.05882,0.71747,0.83725,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73642,0.87719,0.01532],[0.05882,0.75536,0.30449,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-05","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"SOPs should describe roles of the unit, its members and community partners","quote":"The SOPs should describe the roles and responsibilities of the BTAU as a whole, its individual members, and any associated community partners involved in the behavioral threat assessment process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Establish SOPs para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.05882,0.79135,0.82672,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81029,0.85045,0.01532],[0.05882,0.82924,0.06879,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-06","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"SOPs should cover each phase from report to closure with actionable steps and tasks","quote":"The SOPs should account for each phase of the process (i.e., from receiving an initial report to closing a case) and identify actionable steps and tasks throughout.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Establish SOPs para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.13741,0.82924,0.75208,0.01532],[0.05882,0.84818,0.67614,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-07","page":26,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"SOPs should assign responsibility and timeframes for each required action","quote":"The SOPs should identify who is responsible for completing required actions at each step and the timeframe for each of those actions to be completed.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Establish SOPs para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.74476,0.84818,0.15098,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86713,0.83966,0.01532],[0.05882,0.88607,0.34351,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p026-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p026-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-01","page":27,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"SOPs should set how often BTAU meetings occur and who leads them","quote":"SOPs should also establish the frequency of BTAU meetings and by whom the meetings are led.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09981,0.84879,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-02","page":27,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should meet regularly even when no assessments are active","quote":"The BTAU should convene regularly, regardless of whether any assessments are active.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.05882,0.11876,0.76573,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-03","page":27,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Routine weekly or biweekly meetings build cohesion and offer six team opportunities","quote":"Routine meetings (e.g., weekly or biweekly) ensure team cohesion and provide consistent opportunities for unit members to: • review previous cases, • participate in scenario-based exercises, • receive training on relevant topics, • make process improvement recommendations, • identify resource shortfalls, and • collectively examine trends in targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1 list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.05882,0.15474,0.79695,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17369,0.3079,0.01532],[0.07353,0.20942,0.21305,0.01659],[0.07353,0.23972,0.36438,0.01659],[0.07353,0.27003,0.32069,0.01659],[0.07353,0.30033,0.43141,0.01659],[0.07353,0.33063,0.29427,0.01659],[0.07353,0.36093,0.43892,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-04","page":27,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Best practice: routinely review SOPs to reflect lessons, new techniques and role changes","quote":"It is also a best practice to review the established SOPs on a routine basis (e.g., quarterly or annually) to account for lessons learned, new techniques, and revised membership roles and responsibilities that may change as the BTAU matures.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.05883,0.39148,0.81286,0.01532],[0.05883,0.41043,0.82115,0.01532],[0.05883,0.42937,0.48009,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-05","page":27,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Six elements SOPs should cover, including roles, process phases and timeframes","quote":"Describe the roles and responsibilities of the BTAU and its members/stakeholders • Account for each phase of the behavioral threat assessment process • Identify actionable steps to move through the process • Identify who is responsible for completing required actions • Identify a timeframe for when actions should be completed • Establish frequency of team meetings and by whom the meetings are led","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: SOP callout box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.10784,0.57144,0.72601,0.01532],[0.09314,0.6015,0.62328,0.01659],[0.09314,0.6318,0.49696,0.01659],[0.09314,0.6621,0.53975,0.01659],[0.09314,0.6924,0.54299,0.01659],[0.09314,0.72271,0.66659,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p027-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p027-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-01","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"fact","title":"All Secret Service cases are centrally run by the Protective Intelligence and Assessment Division","quote":"A distinguishing feature of the Secret Service’s behavioral threat assessment approach is that all cases are centrally administered by the Secret Service Protective Intelligence and Assessment Division (PID).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.05882,0.1398,0.85688,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15875,0.83537,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17769,0.11491,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-02","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Central administration standardizes case initiation, information gathering and management","quote":"Centralized case administration ensures standardization in initiating cases, gathering information, and managing cases over time.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.19079,0.17769,0.66098,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19663,0.47636,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-03","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Headquarters agents and analysts administer cases while trained field agents investigate","quote":"For instance, within the Secret Service, each case is centrally administered by special agents and intelligence analysts at Secret Service Headquarters in Washington, DC, while the investigative work for those cases is conducted by special agents in Secret Service Field Offices around the world, all of whom have been trained in behavioral threat assessment methodology.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.5448,0.19663,0.3456,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21558,0.84991,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23452,0.83664,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25347,0.85812,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27241,0.38493,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-04","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Field agents interview, assess and manage while Headquarters coordinates and documents","quote":"In other words, Secret Service field agents routinely conduct interviews, review records, write reports, make assessments, and employ behavioral management strategies, while those processes are centrally coordinated, reviewed, and documented at Secret Service Headquarters.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.45201,0.27241,0.46079,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29136,0.82117,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3103,0.77666,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32925,0.39621,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-05","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Dedicated central staff lets BTAUs see full incidents, assess consistently and design plans","quote":"A centralized, dedicated staff provides BTAUs the ability to view a concerning incident in its entirety, ensure that concerning behaviors are assessed appropriately and consistently, and design effective management plans for individuals of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.05882,0.36523,0.81806,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38418,0.87527,0.01532],[0.05882,0.40312,0.48426,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-06","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Centralization aids trend review and lets BTAUs direct non-specialist investigators","quote":"Centralized case administration further aids in the review of trends and the progression of concerning behaviors over time while also allowing the BTAU to direct and advise investigators who may not work on behavioral threat assessments as part of their normal duties.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.55288,0.40312,0.388,0.01532],[0.05882,0.42207,0.86574,0.01532],[0.05882,0.44101,0.85979,0.01532],[0.05882,0.45995,0.25917,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-07","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU may task patrol officers with welfare checks or interviews; they should document results","quote":"For example, the BTAU may require a patrol officer to conduct a welfare check or interview an individual of concern and then report back their findings. In these cases, the patrol officer should provide any documentation regarding the results of the encounter to the BTAU in accordance with the BTAU’s requirements.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","centralized-case-administration"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized case administration para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.32778,0.45995,0.57142,0.01532],[0.05882,0.4789,0.84895,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49784,0.86939,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51679,0.50785,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-08","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must understand privacy rights, especially protecting personally identifiable information","quote":"BTAUs must operate with a comprehensive understanding of individual rights to privacy with a particular focus on the handling and protection of personally identifiable information (PII).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Ensure privacy protections para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.05882,0.59561,0.82818,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61455,0.80693,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-09","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Agencies should consult counsel or privacy staff on jurisdictional privacy laws","quote":"Agencies should consult with their counsel or privacy personnel knowledgeable about the applicable laws and regulations related to individual privacy within their jurisdiction.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Ensure privacy protections para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.05882,0.6335,0.80186,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65244,0.74296,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-10","page":28,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Four PII questions on access rules, file storage, file access and information sharing","quote":"Some questions to consider regarding PII include, but are not limited to: • What rules allow the BTAU to request from individuals information that would otherwise be protected? • Where and how will the BTAU maintain documents and files (e.g., completed forms, case plans, and supporting documentation)? • Who will have access to these files? • How will the BTAU facilitate the sharing of information internally and externally with relevant agencies and partners while also ensuring appropriate protections of PII?","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: PII questions list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.81158,0.65244,0.05085,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67139,0.5845,0.01532],[0.07353,0.70711,0.82837,0.01659],[0.08824,0.7263,0.09754,0.01532],[0.07353,0.75635,0.86068,0.01659],[0.08824,0.77554,0.29545,0.01532],[0.07353,0.80559,0.33167,0.01659],[0.07353,0.8359,0.83858,0.01659],[0.08824,0.85508,0.64185,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p028-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p028-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-01","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should understand rules governing information sharing by community partners","quote":"In addition to the above considerations, BTAUs should develop an understanding of the rules and laws that govern the sharing of information held by their community partners.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Privacy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.05882,0.10709,0.86468,0.01532],[0.05882,0.12603,0.68898,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-02","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"evidence","title":"HIPAA protects privacy of health information held by healthcare providers","quote":"For example, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) protects the privacy of individual health and medical information held by healthcare providers and healthcare businesses.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Privacy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.7576,0.12603,0.14934,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14498,0.83533,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16392,0.77591,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-03","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"evidence","title":"FERPA protects education records at institutions receiving Education Department funds","quote":"Similarly, the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) protects the privacy of individual education records held by education agencies and institutions receiving funds from any program administered by the U.S. Department of Education.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Privacy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.85077,0.16391,0.07869,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18285,0.79528,0.01532],[0.05882,0.20179,0.86215,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22074,0.449,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-04","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Units should know what these laws protect and their public-safety sharing exceptions","quote":"Units should have a firm understanding of exactly what information these laws protect and what exceptions allow for sharing information when a risk to public safety exists.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Privacy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.52422,0.22072,0.37265,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23967,0.84284,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25861,0.29989,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-05","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Mental health and education partners can receive BTAU information to inform care strategies","quote":"Even if mental health providers and local education agencies cannot share information with the BTAU, those agencies can receive whatever information the BTAU is authorized to share. Sharing information with these entities will inform the strategies used by the mental health providers and local education agencies to promote the wellbeing of individuals under their care.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Privacy para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.36851,0.25861,0.54117,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27756,0.83713,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2965,0.82801,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31545,0.84027,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33439,0.24218,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-06","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Templated forms can organize and standardize information gathered during assessments","quote":"As the behavioral threat assessment proceeds, the BTAU will want to document all relevant information gathered during the assessment. Templated forms can be used to organize, prompt, and standardize information gathered during the behavioral threat assessment process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.5,0.41327,0.41471,0.01532],[0.5,0.43222,0.39102,0.01532],[0.5,0.45116,0.39957,0.01532],[0.5,0.47011,0.37419,0.01532],[0.5,0.48905,0.41393,0.01532],[0.5,0.508,0.43137,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-07","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Templated forms improve consistency and reliability across assessments","quote":"Using templated forms will also improve consistency and reliability in the behavioral threat assessment process by ensuring the same type and quality of information is gathered in each assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.5,0.52694,0.35771,0.01532],[0.5,0.54589,0.38379,0.01532],[0.5,0.56483,0.43214,0.01532],[0.5,0.58377,0.4041,0.01532],[0.5,0.60272,0.15033,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-08","page":29,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Forms are a starting point, not all-inclusive, and should allow flexible adjustments","quote":"It is important to remember that templated forms should be used as a starting point for gathering and collecting information. These forms should not be considered all-inclusive and should allow the flexibility to make common-sense adjustments during the behavioral threat assessment process. For example, information learned during an interview may prompt additional follow-up questions not explicitly listed on an interview form.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.5,0.6387,0.38534,0.01532],[0.5,0.65765,0.38941,0.01532],[0.05883,0.67659,0.8248,0.01532],[0.05883,0.69554,0.81948,0.01532],[0.05883,0.71448,0.86906,0.01532],[0.05883,0.73343,0.53881,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p029-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p029-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-01","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can aid information gathering by systematically capturing key details","quote":"Assessment forms can facilitate the information gathering process by systematically capturing the following:","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms list lead-in","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09729,0.87521,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11623,0.08185,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-02","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can record identifiers of the individual, reporter, targets and interviewees","quote":"basic identifiers of the individual of concern, the reporting party, potential targets, and potential parties to interview;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.15221,0.77013,0.01532],[0.08824,0.17116,0.257,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-03","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can capture circumstances that brought the individual to BTAU attention","quote":"information about the circumstances that brought the individual of concern to the attention of the BTAU;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.20146,0.84135,0.01532],[0.08824,0.2204,0.08446,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-04","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can capture answers from interviews with the individual and others","quote":"answers to the questions posed during interviews with the individual, as well as during corroborative interviews with others;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.2507,0.76884,0.01532],[0.08824,0.26964,0.32266,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-05","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can list potential sources for gathering additional information","quote":"potential sources for gathering additional information;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.29994,0.47815,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-06","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can hold individualized case management plans","quote":"individualized case management plans (see STEP 5: Develop Risk Management Strategies); and","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 5","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.33024,0.84899,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-07","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can record case updates when an individual returns to BTAU attention","quote":"updates to case records if an individual returns to the BTAU’s attention;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 6","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.36055,0.63046,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-08","page":30,"section":"step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessment forms can capture details on all 20 NTAC Assessment Themes, such as stressors","quote":"details about each of NTAC’s 20 Assessment Themes, including the individual’s recent life stressors, concerning communications, and history of contact with law enforcement (see STEP 4: Gather Information to Assess for Risk).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment forms bullet 7","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.08824,0.39084,0.7948,0.01539],[0.08824,0.40979,0.84095,0.01532],[0.08824,0.42874,0.3548,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p030-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-2-create-operational-protocols-and-procedures#p030-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-01","page":31,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must set up channels for agency referrals and public bystander reports","quote":"BTAUs must establish avenues to receive reports of concerning behavior in the community, including internal and external agency referrals and bystander reporting from the public.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.57911,0.77438,0.01655],[0.05882,0.5993,0.82966,0.01655],[0.05882,0.6195,0.15127,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-02","page":31,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conjecture","title":"Without clear reporting channels BTAUs may miss chances to intervene","quote":"Without clear channels for reporting, BTAUs may miss opportunities to identify and intervene with individuals of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.22125,0.6195,0.69776,0.01655],[0.05882,0.6397,0.4878,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-03","page":31,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Units must be able to triage all reports for imminent threats to life or safety","quote":"Units must further have the capability to triage all reports for imminent threats to life or safety and respond accordingly.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.55778,0.6397,0.37133,0.01655],[0.05882,0.65989,0.8043,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-04","page":31,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs may then triage reports for relevancy and share information externally as needed","quote":"BTAUs may then triage reports for relevancy to the units’ objectives and share information with parties external to the units as necessary.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration","privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.87262,0.65989,0.06449,0.01655],[0.05882,0.68009,0.86834,0.01655],[0.05882,0.70029,0.40211,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-05","page":31,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"fact","title":"Secret Service processes all Protective Intelligence information via a central operations center","quote":"The Secret Service receives information relevant to the agency’s protective mission from a variety of sources, including concerned bystanders, law enforcement agencies, and other organizations. Regardless of the source, all information with a Protective Intelligence nexus is collected and processed through a centralized operations center within the Secret Service.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized point para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.78061,0.86971,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79955,0.85584,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81849,0.82402,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83744,0.67666,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-06","page":31,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU reports from all sources should be routed to a centralized processing point","quote":"BTAUs will similarly receive reports of concerning behavior from within their own agency, members of the community, and outside law enforcement agencies and partner organizations, which should be routed to a centralized point for processing.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["centralized-case-administration"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Centralized point para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.7451,0.83744,0.17275,0.01532],[0.05882,0.85638,0.87092,0.01532],[0.05882,0.87533,0.83898,0.01532],[0.05882,0.89427,0.28256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p031-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p031-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-01","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"definition","title":"Bystander defined as someone who observes concerning behavior and can report it","quote":"In this framework, the term bystander is used to describe an individual who observes threatening or concerning behavior in another person and is able to report that behavior to the appropriate public safety professionals.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.05882,0.11798,0.24052,0.01532],[0.05882,0.13691,0.26123,0.01539],[0.05882,0.15587,0.24171,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17482,0.23177,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19376,0.27948,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21271,0.26642,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23165,0.28285,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25059,0.1167,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-02","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Bystander reporting is a cornerstone of targeted violence prevention","quote":"Bystander reporting is a cornerstone of targeted violence prevention efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.18532,0.25059,0.17916,0.01532],[0.05882,0.26954,0.24753,0.01532],[0.05882,0.28848,0.23891,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-03","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs may create a centralized reporting mechanism or use an existing program","quote":"BTAUs may establish a centralized reporting mechanism or utilize an existing reporting program to facilitate bystander reporting.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.05882,0.30743,0.30523,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32637,0.27261,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34532,0.2906,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36426,0.25972,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-04","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Reporting mechanisms should offer varied avenues such as apps, portals, email, tiplines","quote":"To improve accessibility, reporting mechanisms should provide a variety of avenues for reporting, including smartphone apps, online web portals, dedicated email addresses, and tiplines.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.05882,0.40025,0.86427,0.01532],[0.05882,0.41919,0.77646,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-05","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Anonymous or confidential options should be offered since research shows they raise reporting","quote":"Programs should offer an anonymous or confidential reporting option, as research has shown that these features increase bystander reporting rates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.84508,0.41919,0.08572,0.01532],[0.05882,0.43814,0.8342,0.01532],[0.05882,0.45708,0.3837,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-06","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Reporting mechanisms should be monitored 24/7 and every report should get a response","quote":"Additionally, reporting mechanisms should be monitored 24/7, and all reports should elicit a response.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.45232,0.45708,0.4075,0.01532],[0.05882,0.47603,0.49061,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-07","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Reporting systems must be regularly promoted to the public as an available resource","quote":"Reporting systems must also be regularly promoted as a resource available to the public, making clear to bystanders that there is an avenue for them to report when they have concerns for the safety of themselves or others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.55905,0.47603,0.36839,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49497,0.80348,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51391,0.80222,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p032-08","page":32,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should keep clear communication with outside reporting programs for timely forwarding","quote":"If reporting programs are operated by another agency, the BTAU will want to ensure clear lines of communication to ensure timely forwarding of relevant reports.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bystander Reporting para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":32,"rects":[[0.87084,0.51391,0.01183,0.01532],[0.05882,0.53286,0.85014,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5518,0.56013,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 32). Claim p032-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p032-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p032-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-01","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conjecture","title":"Existing statewide reporting programs may serve as resources or models for BTAUs","quote":"Some states and fusion centers already have established programs for statewide reporting, which may serve as a resource for BTAUs or as a model for developing new reporting programs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","fusion-centers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.05882,0.07204,0.39662,0.01532],[0.05882,0.09098,0.40773,0.01532],[0.05882,0.10993,0.36643,0.01532],[0.05882,0.12887,0.38658,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14781,0.08565,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-02","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"fact","title":"iWatchTexas portal feeds reports into TxSARNet and the School Safety Network","quote":"For example, iWatchTexas is a public portal through which reports enter the Texas Suspicious Activity Reporting Network (TxSARNet) and the School Safety Network.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.16104,0.14779,0.26621,0.01532],[0.05883,0.16674,0.4039,0.01532],[0.05883,0.18568,0.39993,0.01532],[0.05883,0.20463,0.38976,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-03","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"fact","title":"Texas statewide networks help provide a holistic view of terrorism, crime and school concerns","quote":"These statewide reporting networks help provide a holistic view of terrorism, crime, and school safety-related suspicious activity and concerns in the State of Texas.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.05883,0.22357,0.36443,0.01532],[0.05883,0.24252,0.4117,0.01532],[0.05883,0.26146,0.39488,0.01532],[0.05883,0.28041,0.26623,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-04","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"fact","title":"Some states, like Colorado with Safe2Tell, run school-specific bystander reporting","quote":"Other states have bystander reporting systems designed specifically to support school safety, such as Safe2Tell Colorado.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.34609,0.28037,0.10994,0.01532],[0.05883,0.29931,0.38902,0.01532],[0.05883,0.31826,0.39573,0.01532],[0.05883,0.3372,0.1664,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-05","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"fact","title":"Safe2Tell-type programs take tips on student behaviors seen as common school violence precursors","quote":"In addition to receiving tips about potential school violence, programs like Safe2Tell also receive tips about other concerning behaviors involving students, such as bullying, drug use, depression, suicide, and self-harm, all of which have been observed as common precursors to school violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.23467,0.3372,0.20592,0.01532],[0.05883,0.35615,0.41356,0.01532],[0.05883,0.37509,0.37367,0.01532],[0.05883,0.39404,0.41057,0.01532],[0.05883,0.41298,0.40555,0.01532],[0.05883,0.43193,0.40534,0.01532],[0.05883,0.45087,0.34571,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-06","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"evidence","title":"Bystander reporting toolkit is a joint Secret Service and CISA publication","quote":"Improving School Safety Through Bystander Reporting: A Toolkit for Strengthening K-12 Reporting Programs is a joint publication produced by the Secret Service and the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Toolkit callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.7705,0.07043,0.15993,0.01572],[0.7705,0.09189,0.1396,0.01572],[0.7705,0.11334,0.19405,0.01572],[0.7705,0.1348,0.11307,0.01572],[0.7705,0.15626,0.17307,0.01572],[0.7705,0.17772,0.18419,0.01572],[0.7705,0.19932,0.18324,0.01517],[0.7705,0.22077,0.14949,0.01517],[0.7705,0.24223,0.16893,0.01517],[0.7705,0.26369,0.16078,0.01517],[0.55882,0.28515,0.31569,0.01517],[0.55882,0.30661,0.05176,0.01517]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-07","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Toolkit's K-12 reporting strategies apply to broader community reporting mechanisms","quote":"The toolkit outlines strategies for establishing and enhancing bystander reporting programs. While this toolkit was written primarily for K-12 school audiences, the principles presented are applicable to broader, community-based reporting mechanisms.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Toolkit callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.62872,0.30661,0.30012,0.01517],[0.55882,0.32807,0.34184,0.01517],[0.55882,0.34952,0.38176,0.01517],[0.55882,0.37098,0.38969,0.01517],[0.55882,0.39244,0.35237,0.01517],[0.55882,0.4139,0.35806,0.01517],[0.55882,0.43536,0.11122,0.01517]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p033-08","page":33,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Four features of bystander reporting programs, including anonymity and 24/7 monitoring","quote":"Multiple avenues for reporting (e.g., smartphone apps, online web portals, dedicated email addresses, and tiplines) • Anonymous/confidential reporting • 24/7 monitoring • Timely response","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Bystander reporting programs box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":33,"rects":[[0.19608,0.66086,0.59019,0.01671],[0.19608,0.68106,0.51491,0.01671],[0.18137,0.71263,0.35098,0.01749],[0.18137,0.74419,0.17308,0.01749],[0.18137,0.77576,0.17284,0.01749]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 33). Claim p033-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p033-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p033-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-01","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should be a known internal resource and instruct staff on what to refer","quote":"A BTAU should be a known, internal resource for all agency personnel and should provide clear instruction to all agency employees on the types of information that should be referred to the unit for assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Internal Agency Referrals para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.05882,0.11505,0.8464,0.01532],[0.05882,0.134,0.83457,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15294,0.17278,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-02","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Patrol officer finding concerning behavior on welfare check should report to BTAU","quote":"For example, if a patrol officer is dispatched to conduct a welfare check and concerning behavior is identified as a result, the officer should know to report the concern to the BTAU for an assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Internal Agency Referrals para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.2414,0.15294,0.67698,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17189,0.86136,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19083,0.21561,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-03","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Successful prevention requires all agency personnel to know the program","quote":"Successful prevention requires all agency personnel to have familiarity with the program.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Internal Agency Referrals para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.28423,0.19083,0.625,0.01532],[0.05882,0.20978,0.15499,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-04","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"In-service training on internal referrals can improve clarity, consistency and capacity","quote":"In-service training opportunities designed to educate all members of the agency on the internal referral process can enhance clarity, improve consistency in implementation, and help build capacity across the agency.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Internal Agency Referrals para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.22361,0.20978,0.71645,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22872,0.85165,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24767,0.33641,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-05","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Agencies may set up automated internal referrals that initiate assessments","quote":"Agencies may also choose to establish certain automated internal referrals that will initiate an assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Internal Agency Referrals para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.05882,0.28365,0.83269,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3026,0.10256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-06","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"fact","title":"Pinellas County Sheriff's Office uses 14 criteria to auto-route reports, e.g., threats, stalking","quote":"For example, the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office (PCSO) Threat Management Division has identified criteria for internal law enforcement reports to be automatically routed for review by PCSO analysts for possible threat management follow-up. These criteria include: • evidence of targeted/planned violence toward people or property; • direct or indirect threats of violence; • physical or verbal intimidation (e.g., bullying); • contextually inappropriate comments about harming others; • stalking; • arson; • animal cruelty; • fixation on mass murder, weapons, or violence; • fixation on hate groups, terrorist activity, or extremist material; • suicidal statements with an articulated plan and threats to others; • statements regarding revenge for perceived injury or grievance; • statements regarding a quest for justice; • statements regarding a desire for notoriety; and • statements regarding a desire to solve an unsolvable problem.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs","internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Internal Agency Referrals para 3 list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.17118,0.3026,0.76154,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32154,0.87893,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34049,0.71471,0.01532],[0.07353,0.37617,0.60674,0.01659],[0.07353,0.40648,0.339,0.01659],[0.07353,0.43678,0.42014,0.01659],[0.07353,0.46708,0.5521,0.01659],[0.07353,0.49739,0.08842,0.01659],[0.07353,0.52769,0.06861,0.01659],[0.07353,0.55799,0.14498,0.01659],[0.07353,0.5883,0.43062,0.01659],[0.07353,0.6186,0.57184,0.01659],[0.07353,0.6489,0.59888,0.01659],[0.07353,0.6792,0.58138,0.01659],[0.07353,0.70951,0.37436,0.01659],[0.07353,0.73981,0.44189,0.01659],[0.07353,0.77011,0.56364,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-07","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should be a known resource for local partner agencies and organizations","quote":"Similarly, a BTAU should be a known resource for partner agencies and organizations in the local community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External Agency Referrals para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.05882,0.84548,0.85852,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86443,0.10055,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-08","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs must handle reports from other police, workplaces, houses of worship, schools","quote":"BTAUs will have to receive and respond to reports of concerning behavior submitted directly from other law enforcement agencies, workplaces, houses of worship, and schools.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External Agency Referrals para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.16764,0.86443,0.75299,0.01532],[0.05882,0.88337,0.80416,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p034-09","page":34,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs can conduct proactive community outreach, per a sentence continuing next page","quote":"By conducting proactive outreach across the community (see STEP 6: Promote Continuous","tag":"I","reason":"The sentence crosses a page break: this quote is the page 34 part and the sentence continues on page 35 (claim p035-01). Full sentence (pages 34–35): “By conducting proactive outreach across the community (see STEP 6: Promote Continuous Improvement and a Culture of Prevention), BTAUs can educate outside organizations about the BTAU; its ability to receive, assess, and manage reports of concerning behavior; and how to report concerning behavior or the potential for violence.”","concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External Agency Referrals para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":34,"rects":[[0.05882,0.90232,0.8123,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 34). Claim p034-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p034-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p034-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-01","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Through proactive outreach, BTAUs can educate outside organizations about reporting and the unit","quote":"Improvement and a Culture of Prevention), BTAUs can educate outside organizations about the BTAU; its ability to receive, assess, and manage reports of concerning behavior; and how to report concerning behavior or the potential for violence.","tag":"I","reason":"The sentence crosses a page break: this quote is the page 35 part and the sentence begins on page 34 (claim p034-09). Full sentence (pages 34–35): “By conducting proactive outreach across the community (see STEP 6: Promote Continuous Improvement and a Culture of Prevention), BTAUs can educate outside organizations about the BTAU; its ability to receive, assess, and manage reports of concerning behavior; and how to report concerning behavior or the potential for violence.”","concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09209,0.84913,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11103,0.87307,0.01532],[0.05882,0.12998,0.43611,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-02","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must triage reports quickly, focusing first on imminent threats to life","quote":"When reports of concerning behavior are received, the BTAU must be prepared to triage the information quickly and accurately with an initial focus on identifying and responding to imminent threats to life.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Triage para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.05882,0.20888,0.82293,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22782,0.87275,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24677,0.11837,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-03","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"In emergencies, mitigating an imminent threat takes precedence over starting an assessment","quote":"In emergency situations where an imminent threat to life exists, mitigation of the threat takes precedence over the initiation of a behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Triage para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.18681,0.24677,0.68354,0.01532],[0.05882,0.26571,0.71604,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-04","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Armed employee facing termination warrants immediate law enforcement response first","quote":"For example, if coworkers report that an employee showed up armed to a meeting at which the employee expected to be terminated, then an immediate law enforcement response should be prioritized over a behavioral threat assessment. In such a scenario, the focus is on mitigating the physical threat and protecting the safety and wellbeing of everyone present.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Triage para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.78466,0.26571,0.11498,0.01532],[0.05882,0.28466,0.82145,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3036,0.84471,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32255,0.83596,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34149,0.59802,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-05","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Behavioral threat assessment should occur only after imminent risk is alleviated","quote":"A behavioral threat assessment should take place only after the imminent risk is alleviated.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Triage para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.66664,0.34149,0.17106,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36044,0.62441,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-06","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should have protocols for imminent threats and define when assessment begins","quote":"Therefore, BTAUs should have established protocols for responding to reports indicating an imminent threat to life and should define at what point a behavioral threat assessment is incorporated into the process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures","triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Triage para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.69303,0.36044,0.21959,0.01532],[0.05882,0.37938,0.83182,0.01532],[0.05882,0.39959,0.81349,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-07","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Initial processing includes confirming jurisdiction and not siloing safety information","quote":"Part of the BTAU’s initial processing of reports involves confirming jurisdiction and sharing information with the appropriate internal and external parties as needed. It is important that any information that may assist in protecting public safety is not unnecessarily siloed within the BTAU or the agency.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Jurisdiction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.05882,0.47277,0.8033,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49171,0.85737,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51066,0.86908,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5296,0.12359,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-08","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should make other agency components aware of reports relevant to their missions","quote":"The BTAU should ensure that other components within its agency (e.g., criminal investigative units) are aware of reports relating to their respective missions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Jurisdiction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.05882,0.56559,0.88234,0.01532],[0.05882,0.58453,0.50202,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-09","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Reports about other jurisdictions should be shared expeditiously with their public safety staff","quote":"Likewise, the BTAU should ensure that reports and information it receives that relate to other geographic jurisdictions are shared with those jurisdictions’ public safety personnel. For example, if a BTAU receives information about an individual of concern in a neighboring state, that information must be shared expeditiously with law enforcement agencies in that jurisdiction.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Jurisdiction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.57064,0.58453,0.3405,0.01532],[0.05882,0.60348,0.8436,0.01532],[0.05882,0.62242,0.86356,0.01532],[0.05882,0.64137,0.85145,0.01532],[0.05882,0.66031,0.39933,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-10","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conjecture","title":"Information sharing can build relationships and trusted communication aiding BTAU operations","quote":"Sharing information with relevant parties can help the BTAU build and strengthen relationships both within its agency and with public safety partners in its community. This can foster an environment of trusted, proactive communication that may benefit the BTAU in its operations, including when seeking information for behavioral threat assessments or assistance in managing individuals of concern, and when responding to imminent threats of harm as described above.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Jurisdiction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.05882,0.6963,0.84356,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71524,0.79992,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73419,0.83718,0.01532],[0.05882,0.75313,0.8578,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77207,0.83218,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p035-11","page":35,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"After triage and jurisdiction checks, BTAU must judge whether behavior warrants assessment","quote":"After triaging reports for imminent threats to life and confirming BTAU jurisdiction, the BTAU must evaluate whether the reports and information received are relevant to the unit’s mission and if the behavior described warrants an assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initiate para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":35,"rects":[[0.05882,0.85093,0.87697,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86987,0.86921,0.01532],[0.05882,0.88881,0.38909,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 35). Claim p035-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p035-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p035-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p036-01","page":36,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Some reports may be judged unfounded so that no assessment is warranted","quote":"At times, it may be determined that a report is unfounded and an assessment is not warranted.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":36,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09981,0.83982,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p036-02","page":36,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Skipping an assessment should be reserved for clearly articulable, defensible cases","quote":"Foregoing an assessment should be reserved for scenarios when doing so is clearly articulable and defensible.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation","triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":36,"rects":[[0.05882,0.11876,0.83982,0.01532],[0.05882,0.1377,0.13049,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p036-03","page":36,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"Unfounded reports should still be documented in case later developments prompt revision","quote":"Even for reports determined to be unfounded, the information should still be documented as future developments or reports may cause the BTAU to revise its assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":36,"rects":[[0.19893,0.1377,0.68254,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15665,0.82796,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p036-04","page":36,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should have procedures to share unfounded reports with partners like fusion centers","quote":"Unfounded reports may also be relevant to other internal and external partners (e.g., fusion centers or federal law enforcement agencies), and the BTAU should have procedures in place for sharing this information as appropriate.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","standard-operating-procedures","triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":36,"rects":[[0.05882,0.17559,0.8822,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19454,0.85844,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21348,0.27557,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p036-05","page":36,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Prank reports and untraceable anonymous threats may need no further BTAU action","quote":"Examples of unfounded reports that may require no further action from the BTAU include nuisance/prank reports and reports lacking any investigative avenues for gathering additional information, including unidentifiable anonymous threats.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":36,"rects":[[0.34401,0.21348,0.58974,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23243,0.85433,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25137,0.68397,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p036-06","page":36,"section":"step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior","type":"statement","title":"Actionable reports lead the BTAU to initiate an assessment per STEP 4 procedures","quote":"If a report is deemed actionable, the BTAU will initiate an assessment following the procedures described in STEP 4.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":36,"rects":[[0.75259,0.25137,0.18597,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27031,0.83515,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 36). Claim p036-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p036-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-3-identify-and-process-reports-of-concerning-behavior#p036-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p037-01","page":37,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should set clearly defined protocols to guide assessment","quote":"BTAUs should establish clearly defined protocols to guide their assessment process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":37,"rects":[[0.05882,0.57658,0.82162,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p037-02","page":37,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Assessment defined as analyzing information to understand concerning behavior in context","quote":"Assessment is the process of collecting and analyzing information to understand threatening and concerning behavior in context.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":37,"rects":[[0.05882,0.59678,0.79462,0.01655],[0.05882,0.61698,0.46862,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p037-03","page":37,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Information comes from community systems and should address NTAC's Assessment Themes","quote":"During this process, information will be gathered from a variety of community systems and should address the Assessment Themes identified by decades of NTAC research on targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":37,"rects":[[0.5386,0.61698,0.35527,0.01655],[0.05882,0.63717,0.84864,0.01655],[0.05882,0.65737,0.68333,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p037-04","page":37,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Covering the themes ensures all relevant information is considered and finds prevention options","quote":"Doing so ensures all relevant information is gathered and considered when assessing if an individual of concern poses a risk of violence while also identifying possible prevention strategies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":37,"rects":[[0.75311,0.65737,0.16892,0.01655],[0.05882,0.67757,0.83738,0.01655],[0.05882,0.69776,0.83293,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p037-05","page":37,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"After case initiation, the BTAU gathers information to assess targeted violence risk","quote":"Once a case has been initiated, the BTAU will begin gathering information to assess if the individual poses a risk of engaging in targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles of Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":37,"rects":[[0.05882,0.77808,0.79417,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79703,0.49109,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p037-06","page":37,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Gathering aims at a fact-based picture of history and circumstances for a reasonable risk judgment","quote":"The information gathering process is intended to provide the BTAU with a comprehensive fact-based picture of the individual’s behavioral history and current life circumstances and to enable the unit to make an objectively reasonable and articulable assessment of the potential for violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles of Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":37,"rects":[[0.55953,0.79703,0.30766,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81597,0.8166,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83491,0.84061,0.01532],[0.05882,0.85386,0.59565,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 37). Claim p037-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p037-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p037-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p038-01","page":38,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Five foundational principles of behavioral threat assessment, including low threshold","quote":"This approach is based on foundational principles identified by NTAC research and the Secret Service’s pioneering efforts in the field, which have established that behavioral threat assessment: • utilizes a low threshold of concern, • requires corroboration from diverse sources, • emphasizes rapport building, • is not profiling, and • is not prediction.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":38,"rects":[[0.05882,0.10108,0.8322,0.01532],[0.05882,0.12002,0.8698,0.01532],[0.07353,0.15576,0.32369,0.01659],[0.07353,0.18606,0.40971,0.01659],[0.07353,0.21636,0.27342,0.01659],[0.07353,0.24667,0.18655,0.01659],[0.07353,0.27697,0.16017,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p038-02","page":38,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"After initial processing, BTAU determines assessment scope from available information","quote":"Following the BTAU’s initial processing (see STEP 3: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior), the unit will need to determine the scope of the behavioral threat assessment based on the information available.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary inquiry vs. full assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":38,"rects":[[0.05882,0.36939,0.85501,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38833,0.87313,0.01532],[0.05882,0.40727,0.22075,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p038-03","page":38,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Some cases get a preliminary inquiry; others may go straight to full assessment","quote":"At this stage, some cases will receive a preliminary inquiry to determine whether a full assessment is warranted, while other cases may move immediately into a full assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary inquiry vs. full assessment para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":38,"rects":[[0.28919,0.40727,0.63777,0.01532],[0.05882,0.42622,0.80961,0.01532],[0.05882,0.44516,0.10256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p038-04","page":38,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Preliminary inquiry establishes context for concerns and decides closure or full assessment","quote":"Gather as much information as necessary to establish context for reported concerns • Determine whether the case should be closed or if the case warrants a full assessment","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Preliminary inquiry vs. full assessment table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":38,"rects":[[0.11029,0.6,0.32381,0.0181],[0.11029,0.62147,0.3179,0.0181],[0.11029,0.64294,0.23,0.0181],[0.09559,0.67576,0.31252,0.01864],[0.11029,0.69723,0.3213,0.0181],[0.11029,0.7187,0.27605,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p038-05","page":38,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Full assessment gathers all relevant information, assesses risk, identifies mitigation","quote":"Gather all relevant information from all relevant sources • Comprehensively assess the risk posed by an individual • Identify strategies to mitigate risk","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Preliminary inquiry vs. full assessment table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":38,"rects":[[0.55596,0.6,0.3209,0.0181],[0.55596,0.62147,0.25717,0.0181],[0.54126,0.65429,0.35334,0.01864],[0.55596,0.67576,0.23721,0.0181],[0.54126,0.70858,0.36969,0.01864]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 38). Claim p038-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p038-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p038-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-01","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"An inquiry is the minimum response to any actionable report meeting case-opening criteria","quote":"For any actionable report of concerning behavior that meets the BTAU’s criteria for opening a case, the minimum level of response would be an inquiry.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary Inquiry para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12642,0.35547,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14536,0.38038,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16431,0.41666,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18325,0.17604,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-02","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"An inquiry is a limited-scope form of assessment","quote":"An inquiry is itself a form of assessment, though limited in scope.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary Inquiry para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.24312,0.18325,0.22305,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2022,0.34592,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-03","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Inquiry gathers context to judge report credibility and whether to close or elevate","quote":"The purpose of an inquiry is to gather as much information as necessary to establish context for the reported concerns, allowing the BTAU to determine the credibility of the report and whether the case should be closed or elevated for a full assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary Inquiry para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.41436,0.2022,0.03309,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22114,0.37741,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24008,0.40241,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25903,0.40286,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27797,0.40099,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29692,0.41501,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31586,0.18157,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-04","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Five possible inquiry steps, including interviews, records checks and online review","quote":"An inquiry may involve steps such as • interviewing the reporting party, • interviewing the individual of concern, • conducting a corroborative interview with someone who knows the individual well, • conducting a criminal records check, and • conducting a preliminary review of publicly available online activity (e.g., social media).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","open-source-and-social-media-review","preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Inquiry steps list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.25019,0.31586,0.20308,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33481,0.11879,0.01532],[0.07353,0.37049,0.30297,0.01659],[0.07353,0.4008,0.35478,0.01659],[0.07353,0.4311,0.75174,0.01659],[0.07353,0.4614,0.38051,0.01659],[0.07353,0.4917,0.77728,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-05","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"After an inquiry the BTAU may close the case or elevate to full assessment","quote":"At the conclusion of an inquiry, the BTAU may decide to either close the case or elevate it to a full assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary Inquiry para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.05883,0.52225,0.79785,0.01532],[0.05883,0.5412,0.17487,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-06","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Rationale for closing or elevating a case should be documented","quote":"The rationale for the decision to close a case or elevate it for further assessment should be documented.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary Inquiry para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.24349,0.5412,0.60562,0.01532],[0.05883,0.56014,0.31393,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-07","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Close-or-elevate decisions should be objectively reasonable, articulable and holistic","quote":"Like other decision points in a behavioral threat assessment, this determination should be objectively reasonable and articulable, taking into account the totality of all relevant information along with the training and experience of the BTAU members.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Preliminary Inquiry para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.38255,0.56014,0.536,0.01532],[0.05883,0.57909,0.81466,0.01532],[0.05883,0.59803,0.84868,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-08","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Full assessments start when inquiry raises concerns or the report alone justifies one","quote":"Full assessments are initiated when safety concerns are elevated by the result of an inquiry or when the content of the initial report on its own justifies a full assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Full Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.05882,0.65988,0.8082,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67882,0.6796,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-09","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Full assessment aims to comprehensively assess risk and identify mitigation strategies","quote":"The goal of a full assessment is to gather all relevant information from a range of sources in order to comprehensively assess the risk posed by an individual while also identifying potential strategies to mitigate that risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Full Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.74822,0.67882,0.10076,0.01532],[0.05882,0.69777,0.78421,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71671,0.86069,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73566,0.17575,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-10","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Full assessment should include interviews, records checks, online review and searches","quote":"A full assessment should involve an extensive interview with the individual of concern, multiple corroborative interviews (e.g., family, friends, neighbors, employers, and classmates), records checks (e.g., criminal, employment, educational, and mental health), reviews of online activity (e.g., social media and personal websites), and physical searches.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","open-source-and-social-media-review","preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Full Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.24437,0.73566,0.65958,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7546,0.82044,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77354,0.86247,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79249,0.7284,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p039-11","page":39,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Physical searches should follow protocol and may be plain-view, consent or warrant based","quote":"Physical searches should be conducted in accordance with existing protocols and may involve plain-view searches, searches conducted with consent of the individual, or searches conducted with a warrant, depending on the circumstances.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Full Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":39,"rects":[[0.79702,0.79249,0.07215,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81143,0.85497,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83038,0.79219,0.01532],[0.05882,0.84932,0.38509,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 39). Claim p039-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p039-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p039-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p040-01","page":40,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Triage flowchart: received reports are first checked for an imminent threat to life","quote":"Report is received Does this report involve an imminent threat to life?","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Triage flowchart","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":null,"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p040-02","page":40,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Flowchart: non-actionable reports are documented, closed, retained and shared","quote":"Document, close, and retain the report. Share information as","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Triage flowchart","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":40,"rects":[[0.07513,0.35093,0.1121,0.01017],[0.08558,0.36309,0.09118,0.01017],[0.08855,0.37525,0.08525,0.01017],[0.08421,0.38741,0.09393,0.01017]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p040-03","page":40,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Flowchart: after responding to an imminent threat, ask if an assessment is still needed","quote":"Respond as necessary. Is a behavioral threat assessment still","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["thresholds-for-case-initiation","triage-and-imminent-threats-to-life"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Triage flowchart","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":40,"rects":[[0.61575,0.35375,0.07482,0.01017],[0.60645,0.36591,0.09342,0.01017],[0.59733,0.37807,0.11167,0.01017],[0.60225,0.39023,0.10185,0.01017]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p040-04","page":40,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Flowchart: actionable reports lead to initiating a preliminary inquiry","quote":"Is the report actionable? appropriate. | necessary? | appropriate. YES Initiate a preliminary inquiry.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment","thresholds-for-case-initiation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Triage flowchart","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":null,"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p040-05","page":40,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Flowchart: if more information is needed after inquiry, perform a full assessment","quote":"Document, close, and retain the | NO | Is more report. Share information as | information needed? appropriate. YES Perform a full | YES assessment","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Triage flowchart","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":40,"rects":[[0.61575,0.35375,0.16253,0.01935]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p040-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). Claim p040-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p040-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 40). 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(2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p041-02","page":41,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"evidence","title":"1998 guide says examining six systems around an individual is key to assessing threats","quote":"The guide describes how examining the “systems (family, work, community, criminal justice, mental health, and social services) that the individual is involved with are key to assessing and managing a potential threat.”","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach box para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":41,"rects":[[0.42182,0.17769,0.50812,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19663,0.87674,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21558,0.51378,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p041-03","page":41,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Gathering information across community systems gives BTAUs a comprehensive assessment method","quote":"Gathering information from a variety of community systems will provide BTAUs with an organized and comprehensive way to assess an individual’s thinking and behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach box para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":41,"rects":[[0.5997,0.21556,0.32714,0.01532],[0.05883,0.2345,0.87209,0.01532],[0.05883,0.25345,0.29831,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p041-04","page":41,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"People tend to behave differently across environments, adapting to context","quote":"The Systems Approach operationalizes how people tend to exhibit different behaviors in different environments. An individual’s communications and behaviors will often adapt to the context of their current situation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach box para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":41,"rects":[[0.05883,0.74398,0.86885,0.01532],[0.05883,0.76292,0.84319,0.01532],[0.05883,0.78186,0.19333,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p041-05","page":41,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Individuals may act differently with family than with coworkers","quote":"For example, individuals may act differently when visiting family compared to how they act in a meeting with coworkers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach box para 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":41,"rects":[[0.26195,0.78186,0.66677,0.01532],[0.05883,0.80081,0.39635,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p041-06","page":41,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Multi-system information yields more reliable assessment than focusing on one life area","quote":"Therefore, gathering information from various community systems provides a more comprehensive and reliable assessment of an individual’s behavior than would be possible by only focusing on a single area of their life.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach box para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":41,"rects":[[0.46498,0.80081,0.4079,0.01532],[0.05883,0.81975,0.83896,0.01532],[0.05883,0.8387,0.68877,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 41). Claim p041-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p041-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p041-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-01","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Systems Approach lets BTAUs corroborate information and note inconsistencies","quote":"Utilizing the Systems Approach also allows BTAUs to corroborate information as it is gathered and make note of any inconsistencies or anomalies they identify.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09981,0.87633,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11876,0.53087,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-02","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Systems Approach connects traditionally siloed pieces of information","quote":"Another benefit of the Systems Approach is that it allows BTAUs to connect pieces of information that are traditionally siloed.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.15474,0.87112,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17369,0.23901,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-03","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"fact","title":"US communities often identify warning signs only after violence occurs","quote":"Often, communities in the United States identify warning signs for acts of targeted violence after violence has already taken place.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.30763,0.17369,0.58742,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19263,0.56308,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-04","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"fact","title":"Some attackers showed concerning behavior across settings with no program to combine it","quote":"In some cases, attackers had demonstrated concerning behavior at home, at work, in school, and online, but no program existed to examine all those behaviors together.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.63152,0.19263,0.25544,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21158,0.87951,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23052,0.35329,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-05","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Community system information can show behavior changes over time","quote":"Additionally, information gathered from community systems can help to show changes in behavior over time.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.26651,0.87664,0.01532],[0.05882,0.28545,0.08412,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-06","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Differing supervisor accounts may prompt BTAU to look for traumatic events","quote":"For example, if a supervisor from an individual’s current workplace provides a starkly different description of the individual compared to a supervisor from a prior workplace, the BTAU may seek to identify any traumatic events or other situational factors that occurred during the timeframe of the individual’s current employment that could explain the dramatic change in behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.15256,0.28545,0.75416,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3044,0.8127,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32334,0.79636,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34229,0.82208,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36123,0.16983,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-07","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Community systems fall into two categories: formal and informal","quote":"Community systems fall into two general categories: formal and informal.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.39722,0.6466,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-08","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Formal systems defined as structured organizations keeping locations and records","quote":"Formal systems are structured organizations or groups that tend to maintain a physical location and records. Examples include judicial, law enforcement, employment, mental health, and education systems.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.45903,0.85262,0.01532],[0.05882,0.47798,0.79465,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49692,0.16577,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-09","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Formal records are vital but sometimes lack context and rarely tell the whole story","quote":"In these types of systems, there are often formal records that document an individual’s history of interaction with the systems (e.g., judicial records or education records). While such records can provide vital information for a behavioral threat assessment, it must also be noted that formal records sometimes lack context for explaining an individual’s behavior and rarely tell the whole story.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.23439,0.49692,0.6672,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51586,0.83608,0.01532],[0.05882,0.53481,0.85589,0.01532],[0.05882,0.55375,0.85316,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5727,0.22654,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-10","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"University record may barely document a student's long-standing concerning behavior","quote":"For example, a student may have a long history of eliciting safety concerns among teachers and classmates at a university, but there may be little documentation in their university education record regarding the concerning behavior or any interventions applied.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.29363,0.5727,0.58027,0.01532],[0.05882,0.59164,0.87067,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61059,0.85936,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-11","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Stalker's police record may show only one trespassing charge","quote":"As another example, a man with a long history of stalking and harassing women may have a law enforcement record reflecting only a single charge of trespassing without any additional details about the months of behavior that led to the charge.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.62953,0.85222,0.01532],[0.05882,0.64848,0.84998,0.01532],[0.05882,0.66742,0.46501,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-12","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should seek authorized formal records consistent with privacy protections","quote":"BTAUs should seek access to records from formal systems when authorized and in accordance with all relevant privacy protections. BTAUs may be able to access records from other law enforcement agencies, courts, and community organizations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.05882,0.70341,0.8405,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72235,0.79852,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7413,0.53853,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-13","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Gathered records should be supplemented through appropriate interviews","quote":"However, any information gathered should be further supplemented through appropriate interviews.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.60715,0.7413,0.31282,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76024,0.56912,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p042-14","page":42,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"BTAU may contact officers or request detailed reports to contextualize a police record","quote":"For example, if a BTAU obtains information through a police record provided by another agency, the BTAU may want to establish further context around the information by contacting the police department and officers who have previously interacted with the individual or by requesting more detailed police reports about those interactions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Formal Systems para 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":42,"rects":[[0.63774,0.76024,0.27433,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77918,0.8684,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79813,0.87947,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81707,0.82478,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83602,0.15948,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 42). Claim p042-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p042-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p042-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-01","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Informal systems are less structured settings like family, friends, neighbors, community groups","quote":"Informal systems represent the less structured environments with which an individual routinely interacts, including family, friends, neighbors, and other community groups.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12642,0.84229,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14536,0.66643,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-02","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Informal systems rarely keep records and mostly provide information via interviews","quote":"Unlike formal systems, informal systems rarely maintain records about an individual and instead provide information most often through interviews.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.73505,0.14536,0.1987,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16431,0.87658,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18325,0.21894,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-03","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Interviews with informal systems offer views of people close to the individual","quote":"Interviews with informal systems provide BTAUs with the perspective of those who have maintained close or frequent relationships with the individual, sometimes over many years.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.28756,0.18325,0.61582,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2022,0.82063,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22114,0.14607,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-04","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Online activity is another informal system for assessment information","quote":"Online activity represents another informal system from which to obtain information to guide a behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["open-source-and-social-media-review","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.05882,0.25713,0.82961,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27607,0.27521,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-05","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should have protocols for evaluating open-source online and social media information","quote":"BTAUs should have protocols in place for evaluating open-source online information, including publicly available social media and other publicly available information (e.g., posted pictures, videos, communications, or shared files).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["open-source-and-social-media-review"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.34383,0.27607,0.52094,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29502,0.84374,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31396,0.65573,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-06","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Visible social media content may reveal behavior, mindset, interests useful for risk","quote":"If visible, social media content may provide insight into an individual’s behavior, mindset, interests, and activities, all of which are useful when assessing an individual’s risk of engaging in violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["open-source-and-social-media-review"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.7318,0.31396,0.19397,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3329,0.85111,0.01532],[0.05882,0.35185,0.66851,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-07","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should set search engine protocols, which can reveal websites and media coverage","quote":"BTAUs should also establish protocols for information gathering using popular search engines, which can reveal things such as personal websites and instances when an individual appeared in media coverage.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["open-source-and-social-media-review"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.73695,0.35185,0.16489,0.01532],[0.05882,0.37079,0.88232,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38974,0.78874,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-08","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Partner agencies and fusion centers may have analysts to aid open-source gathering","quote":"Partner agencies and fusion centers may employ specialized analysts who can assist BTAUs in open-source information gathering.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["fusion-centers","open-source-and-social-media-review"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Informal Systems para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.85718,0.38974,0.06577,0.01532],[0.05882,0.40868,0.8815,0.01532],[0.05882,0.42763,0.195,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-09","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Secret Service assessments involve an early initial interview with the individual","quote":"When the Secret Service conducts a behavioral threat assessment, one of the earliest steps will involve an initial interview with the individual of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.05882,0.53235,0.84717,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5513,0.49961,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-10","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Initial interview lets BTAUs observe behavior, mindset and begin identifying risk factors","quote":"For BTAUs, the initial interview provides an opportunity to engage with the individual, directly observe their behavior, and gain insight into their mindset while also beginning to identify factors that indicate whether the individual does or does not pose a risk of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.56823,0.5513,0.35579,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57024,0.87184,0.01532],[0.05882,0.58919,0.84041,0.01532],[0.05882,0.60813,0.30661,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-11","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should prioritize open-ended questions on each Assessment Theme in interviews","quote":"In addition to observing the individual’s general thinking and state of mind, the BTAU should prioritize open-ended questions regarding each of the Assessment Themes identified later in this section.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.37505,0.60813,0.53991,0.01532],[0.05882,0.62707,0.87715,0.01532],[0.05882,0.64602,0.33339,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-12","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Initial interview is an early chance to start building rapport","quote":"The initial interview is also an early opportunity to begin establishing rapport with the individual.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.05882,0.682,0.85458,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-13","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Initial interviews often occur outside custody and only with the individual's consent","quote":"Because behavioral threat assessments are not the same as criminal investigations, the initial interview will often take place outside of police custody and only with the consent of the participating individual.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.05882,0.70095,0.82467,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71989,0.79093,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73884,0.20521,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-14","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Rapport building helps interviewees feel at ease sharing information","quote":"Rapport building is a key element in establishing a positive relationship that can help the individual being interviewed to feel at ease while sharing information.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.27383,0.73884,0.63253,0.01532],[0.05882,0.75778,0.76985,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-15","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Individuals of concern may often be experiencing a personal crisis or stressful event","quote":"In many cases, an individual of concern may be experiencing a personal crisis or other stressful event.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.83847,0.75778,0.07062,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77673,0.82291,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p043-16","page":43,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Receptiveness to needs builds trust that can help motivate behavior change","quote":"Being receptive to the individual’s needs will help establish a foundation of trust, which can then be used to help motivate changes in behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Initial Interview para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":43,"rects":[[0.05882,0.79567,0.81187,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81462,0.45216,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-16","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-16","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-16, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-16","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 43). Claim p043-16, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-16\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p043-16</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p043-16","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-01","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Interviewers should explain their role, purpose and next steps in plain language","quote":"Explain your role, the purpose of the interview, and next steps using plain language.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.17464,0.7401,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-02","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Interviewers should be clear, direct, truthful and correct misconceptions","quote":"Be clear, direct, and truthful, and clarify any misconceptions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.85188,0.17464,0.02362,0.01532],[0.10216,0.19358,0.50362,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-03","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Keep a calm, respectful demeanor throughout the whole interview interaction","quote":"Maintain a calm, respectful demeanor for the entire interaction, not just while asking questions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.22388,0.74818,0.01532],[0.10216,0.24282,0.08604,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-04","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Prepare responses for extreme or emotional reactions such as aggression or silence","quote":"Prepare strategies for responding to extreme or emotional responses (e.g., aggression, sadness, or silence).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.27312,0.76978,0.01532],[0.10216,0.29207,0.16555,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-05","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Invite the individual's perspective and be patient if reluctant to speak","quote":"Invite the individual to provide their perspective. Be respectful and patient if they are not interested in speaking at first.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.32236,0.79243,0.01532],[0.10216,0.34131,0.25887,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-06","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Offer realistic choices when possible; feeling in control may make individuals talk more","quote":"Offer realistic choices during the interview, when possible. The more the individual feels in control of how the interview time is spent, the more they may want to talk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.37161,0.7797,0.01532],[0.10216,0.39055,0.68124,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-07","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Use interviews to explore interests, relationships, plans, concerns and coping skills","quote":"Use the time to explore the individual’s interests, relationships, past experiences, future plans, concerns, and coping skills.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.42085,0.77411,0.01532],[0.10216,0.43979,0.29508,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-08","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Let individuals suggest supports that could prevent further escalation","quote":"Provide an opportunity for the individual to suggest ways they can be supported in order to prevent the situation from escalating further.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Rapport building strategies box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10216,0.47009,0.74109,0.01532],[0.10216,0.48904,0.47255,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-09","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs can keep positive rapport while setting firm public safety boundaries","quote":"BTAUs can maintain a positive rapport with individuals of concern while also establishing firm and professional boundaries around public safety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.05882,0.55436,0.83269,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5733,0.43969,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-10","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Example statement conveying concern and support can help dissuade violence","quote":"For example, a statement such as, “We are concerned that you might hurt someone, and we want to work with you to figure out a better way forward,” communicates an expectation for safe and nonviolent behavior and demonstrates a willingness to provide support. Approaches like this can help to dissuade someone from considering violence and create further opportunity for rapport building.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.50678,0.5733,0.3783,0.01532],[0.05882,0.59225,0.83184,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61119,0.85603,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63014,0.79886,0.01532],[0.05882,0.64908,0.64256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-11","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Face-to-face interviews recommended, safety permitting, to observe nonverbal cues","quote":"If officer safety allows, interviews with individuals of concern should be conducted face-to-face in order to observe nonverbal cues and physical reactions to questions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.05882,0.68507,0.8469,0.01532],[0.05882,0.70401,0.62903,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-12","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Residence interviews let officers observe living conditions and home environment","quote":"If conducted at the individual’s residence, officers will have an opportunity to observe the individual’s living conditions and home environment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.69764,0.70401,0.17016,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72296,0.87699,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7419,0.20688,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-13","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Individuals may be advised of next steps and lawful requirements after interview","quote":"At the conclusion of the interview, the individual may be advised of next steps and any lawful requirements they must adhere to (e.g., if they are the subject of a restraining order).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.2755,0.7419,0.64298,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76085,0.87602,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77979,0.04837,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p044-14","page":44,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should consult counsel on custody status and Miranda warnings for interviews","quote":"BTAUs should consult with their legal counsel to determine if an interview will take place in police custody and if the individual needs to be informed of their constitutional (“Miranda”) rights against self-incrimination.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":44,"rects":[[0.10948,0.83927,0.81729,0.0181],[0.10948,0.862,0.82248,0.0181],[0.10948,0.88473,0.60959,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 44). Claim p044-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p044-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p044-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-01","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Initial interview should be followed by corroborative interviews across the individual's systems","quote":"The initial interview with the individual of concern should be followed by corroborative interviews with other people across the individual’s formal and informal systems.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Corroborative Interviews para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.05882,0.1196,0.86718,0.01532],[0.05882,0.13854,0.61671,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-02","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Corroborative interviews yield new behavioral information and corroborate existing findings","quote":"These interactions provide opportunities for the BTAU to gather new information about the individual’s behaviors from people who know them and to corroborate information already identified in the assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Corroborative Interviews para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.68533,0.13854,0.23576,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15749,0.88228,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17643,0.74979,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-03","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Workplace violence case may involve interviewing coworkers, supervisor and close family","quote":"For example, when conducting a behavioral threat assessment involving the potential for workplace violence, the BTAU may conduct corroborative interviews with the individual’s coworkers and supervisor, in addition to the individual’s close family members.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Corroborative Interviews para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.81841,0.17643,0.11498,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19538,0.8513,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21432,0.84768,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23327,0.45728,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-04","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"School threat case would likely involve interviewing parents, teachers, staff, classmates","quote":"For an assessment involving a student who threatened a school attack, the BTAU would likely interview the student’s parents, the student’s teachers, other school staff, and possibly classmates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Corroborative Interviews para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.5259,0.23327,0.38345,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25221,0.84849,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27116,0.46622,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-05","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Rapport with family and friends matters; they should know the goal is prevention and help","quote":"Establishing rapport continues to be important when engaging with the individual’s family, friends, and other support networks. The people in these systems should be made aware that the BTAU’s primary goal is to prevent negative outcomes, in part by getting help for their loved one, friend, or colleague.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Corroborative Interviews para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.05882,0.30714,0.87645,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32609,0.86208,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34503,0.87478,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36397,0.08575,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-06","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should explore each of NTAC's 20 Assessment Themes while gathering information","quote":"While gathering information from the subject’s formal and informal systems, BTAUs should focus on exploring each of NTAC’s 20 Assessment Themes.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.05882,0.44283,0.80754,0.01532],[0.05882,0.46143,0.52287,0.01572]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-07","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Assessment Themes are not a checklist but a broad lens on behavior and context","quote":"Assessment Themes are not intended to be used as a checklist. The purpose of Assessment Themes is to provide a broad scope through which to understand an individual’s behavior and the context in which they are operating.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.59149,0.46178,0.33458,0.01532],[0.05882,0.48072,0.87564,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49967,0.7925,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-08","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"evidence","title":"Themes derive from decades of Secret Service research on prior targeted violence attackers","quote":"These themes have been identified by decades of Secret Service research examining targeted violence in a variety of forms, including acts of mass violence targeting public spaces in the United States. Assessment Themes are based on frequently observed or particularly noteworthy factors in the backgrounds of those who have engaged in previous acts of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","national-threat-assessment-center"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.86112,0.49967,0.05268,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51861,0.85591,0.01532],[0.05882,0.53755,0.8649,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5565,0.84843,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57544,0.69887,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-09","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Theme information lets BTAU assess risk and plan mitigating interventions","quote":"Gathering this information will allow the BTAU to assess if the individual poses a risk of violence and plan the interventions needed to mitigate that risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.76731,0.57544,0.12607,0.01532],[0.05882,0.59439,0.83781,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61333,0.36945,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-10","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Theme information should be gathered via four Systems Approach methods incl. records checks","quote":"Information about Assessment Themes should be gathered using the Systems Approach described previously, namely through records checks, an interview with the individual of concern, corroborative interviews with others, and a review of open-source social media.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.05882,0.64932,0.78781,0.01532],[0.05882,0.66826,0.86615,0.01532],[0.05882,0.68721,0.70209,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-11","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Stalking history and concerning communications could be found via records, interviews, social media","quote":"For example, BTAUs could identify a history of stalking and harassment both through an examination of criminal records and interviews with people who know the individual of concern. Similarly, BTAUs could identify concerning communications both through interviews and through an examination of the individual’s open-source social media posts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["open-source-and-social-media-review","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.77071,0.68721,0.11498,0.01532],[0.05882,0.70615,0.87748,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7251,0.84307,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74404,0.85787,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76298,0.38609,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-12","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Examining contextual, behavioral and summative themes gives comprehensive risk information","quote":"Examining each of these Assessment Themes will provide the BTAU with comprehensive information to assess if the individual poses a risk of violence by identifying the contextual themes that may impact the individual’s thinking and behavior, the behavioral themes they have exhibited, and the summative themes that must be considered as part of an overall assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.05882,0.79897,0.78799,0.01532],[0.05882,0.8179,0.87599,0.01539],[0.05882,0.83685,0.87327,0.01539],[0.05882,0.85579,0.75255,0.01539]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p045-13","page":45,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Exploring every theme is needed for thoroughness and may open other inquiries","quote":"Exploring each theme is necessary for a thorough assessment and may uncover other avenues of inquiry.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Assessment Themes para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":45,"rects":[[0.82116,0.8558,0.08565,0.01532],[0.05882,0.87475,0.83968,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 45). Claim p045-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p045-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p045-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p046-01","page":46,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU need not finish all interviews or themes before taking action","quote":"Keep in mind that there is no need to wait until the BTAU has completed all interviews or addressed every theme before taking action.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":46,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09981,0.79016,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11876,0.39361,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p046-02","page":46,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Management strategies should start once an intervention area is identified","quote":"As soon as an area for intervention is identified, suitable management strategies should be enacted.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":46,"rects":[[0.46223,0.11876,0.42348,0.01532],[0.05882,0.1377,0.45534,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p046-03","page":46,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Assessment Themes are not individual predictors and should be weighed in context","quote":"The Assessment Themes identified here are not individually predictors of violence but are factors that should be evaluated in context when conducting a behavioral threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":46,"rects":[[0.10948,0.20543,0.76793,0.0181],[0.10948,0.22816,0.81553,0.0181],[0.10948,0.2509,0.32525,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p046-04","page":46,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Some themes involve constitutionally protected activities to be viewed accordingly","quote":"Further, some of the identified themes involve activities that are protected by the Constitution and should be viewed with those protections in mind.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":46,"rects":[[0.4463,0.2509,0.48382,0.0181],[0.10948,0.27363,0.78972,0.0181],[0.10948,0.29636,0.26979,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 46). Claim p046-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p046-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p046-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-01","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Stressors theme: acute or chronic setbacks, losses and life challenges","quote":"Significant setbacks, losses, and other life challenges that may be acute (e.g., romantic breakups) or chronic (e.g., ongoing medical conditions).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Stressors","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.14698,0.13671,0.78613,0.01393],[0.14698,0.15312,0.35559,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-02","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Stressors can arise across several life domains such as family, work, health, legal","quote":"Stressors can be experienced across several life domains, including family/romantic relationships, social interactions, work or school environments, personal health, legal actions, and other identified areas.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Stressors","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.51823,0.15312,0.38451,0.01393],[0.14698,0.16954,0.79413,0.01393],[0.14698,0.18595,0.45266,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-03","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Stressor examples include bullying, financial instability, job loss and divorce","quote":"Specific examples include being bullied or harassed by others, financial instability, job loss, divorce or child custody issues, and failed life aspirations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Stressors","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.60854,0.18595,0.31877,0.01393],[0.14698,0.20236,0.77896,0.01393],[0.14698,0.21878,0.08807,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-04","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Home life theme: negative family dynamics such as discord, abuse and domestic violence","quote":"Family dynamics or home environments that negatively impact an individual, including family discord, abuse, drug use, criminality, domestic violence, mental/physical health concerns, death, and dissolution of relationships.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Home Life","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.14698,0.28654,0.75522,0.01393],[0.14698,0.30295,0.77491,0.01393],[0.14698,0.31937,0.25202,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-05","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Positive home life factors may support intervention strategies to mitigate risk","quote":"Conversely, positive home life factors may include supportive families, healthy relationships, and other dynamics that could support intervention strategies to mitigate risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Home Life","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.40791,0.31937,0.49558,0.01393],[0.14698,0.33578,0.77164,0.01393],[0.14698,0.35219,0.10033,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-06","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Mental health theme: negatively impacting symptoms, especially untreated, like paranoia","quote":"Current or previous history of mental health symptoms that negatively impact the individual, particularly when left untreated, including paranoia, delusions, hallucinations, depression, and suicidality.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Mental Health","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.14698,0.41654,0.74965,0.01393],[0.14698,0.43296,0.75538,0.01393],[0.14698,0.44937,0.08129,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-07","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Mental health history may or may not involve formal diagnoses or treatment","quote":"Mental health history may or may not include prior formal diagnoses, hospitalizations, and treatment (e.g., prescription medication).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Mental Health","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.23578,0.44937,0.69356,0.01393],[0.14698,0.46579,0.35747,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-08","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Criminal history theme covers formal records and unrecorded criminal behavior or contacts","quote":"A history of criminal behaviors identified in formal records, including arrests, convictions, and other legal actions. Criminal history may also include other criminal behavior and contacts with law enforcement and the courts that have not resulted in official legal actions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Criminal History","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.14698,0.53082,0.75422,0.01393],[0.14698,0.54723,0.76922,0.01393],[0.14698,0.56365,0.62599,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-09","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Unrecorded criminal behavior may surface via interviews with family, coworkers and others","quote":"Criminal behavior outside of formal records may be identified during the assessment through interviews with family, friends, coworkers, classmates, and others familiar with the individual.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Criminal History","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.78187,0.56365,0.14231,0.01393],[0.14698,0.58006,0.79061,0.01393],[0.14698,0.59647,0.5598,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-10","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Interpersonal difficulties theme: pattern of strained relationships, inability to sustain ties","quote":"A pattern of strained or conflicted relationships with family members, romantic partners, friends, coworkers, classmates, neighbors, or other members of the community. Interpersonal difficulties may include an inability to form or sustain positive relationships with others due to the individual’s inappropriate or concerning behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Interpersonal Difficulties","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.14706,0.65845,0.71672,0.01393],[0.14706,0.67486,0.75427,0.01393],[0.14706,0.69128,0.78959,0.01393],[0.14706,0.70769,0.40544,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-11","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Lack of consequences theme: misbehavior with absent or inadequate consequences","quote":"A pattern of engaging in criminal or inappropriate behavior for which the consequences were either absent or not commensurate with the behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Lack of Consequences","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.14706,0.77093,0.75623,0.01393],[0.14706,0.78735,0.43294,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p047-12","page":47,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Unpunished past behaviors could include threats, domestic violence, stalking, harassment","quote":"Examples of past behaviors that may not have received appropriate consequences could include threatening communications, domestic violence, physical/sexual assaults, inappropriate touching of others, stalking, and harassment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Contextual Themes: Lack of Consequences","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":47,"rects":[[0.58743,0.78735,0.33209,0.01393],[0.14706,0.80376,0.7653,0.01393],[0.14706,0.82018,0.75007,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 47). Claim p047-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p047-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p047-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-01","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Concerning communications theme covers violent or disturbing messages conveyed by any means","quote":"Any violent, threatening, or disturbing communications which may be conveyed verbally (e.g., in-person or via phone), in writing (e.g., journals or drawings), electronically (e.g., text messages or emails), online (e.g., websites, blogs, or social media), or by other means.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.14706,0.14211,0.75886,0.01393],[0.14706,0.15852,0.77556,0.01393],[0.14706,0.17494,0.60723,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-02","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Concerning communications may reveal grievances, violent intent, suicidality or paranoia","quote":"The content of the concerning communications may reveal information on threats, grievances, violent intention, feelings of hopelessness/suicidality, obsessions, paranoid thinking, or a fascination with violence or weapons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.76319,0.17494,0.15008,0.01393],[0.14706,0.19135,0.74746,0.01393],[0.14706,0.20777,0.77688,0.01393],[0.14706,0.22418,0.09448,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-03","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Interest in violent topics theme means unusual interest in weapons, gore or past attackers","quote":"An unusual or excessive interest in weapons, violence, gore, prior attacks, notorious killers, or other concerning topics.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.14706,0.29318,0.7527,0.01393],[0.14706,0.30959,0.1932,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-04","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Fascination with weapons can show via stockpiling, violent media, or harmful writings","quote":"Fascination with weapons and violence can be demonstrated in a variety of ways, including stockpiling or manufacturing weapons, being described as obsessed with weapons, consuming or producing violent or graphic media, and writing stories or lyrics indicating a desire to harm others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.34917,0.30959,0.52875,0.01393],[0.14706,0.326,0.7638,0.01393],[0.14706,0.34242,0.75154,0.01393],[0.14706,0.35883,0.27322,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-05","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Idolizing or wanting to emulate past attackers should raise particular concern","quote":"Particular concern should arise if the individual demonstrates an idolization of or desire to emulate past attackers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.42918,0.35883,0.49491,0.01393],[0.14706,0.37525,0.41735,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-06","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"History of violence theme covers prior violence against people, animals or property","quote":"Prior acts of physical violence against people, animals, or property that may appear in criminal records or may be observed or experienced by others, including physical and sexual assaults, domestic/family violence, animal cruelty, aggressively menacing behaviors, or arsons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.14706,0.44114,0.76465,0.01393],[0.14706,0.45755,0.75298,0.01393],[0.14706,0.47396,0.68656,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-07","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Violence history may show escalation, such as from property crimes to crimes against persons","quote":"A history of violence may reveal signs of an escalation in aggressive behavior, for example, moving from property crimes to crimes against persons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.84252,0.47396,0.07333,0.01393],[0.14706,0.49038,0.76193,0.01393],[0.14706,0.50679,0.34242,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-08","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Stalking, harassing or bullying theme defined as malicious conduct making others feel threatened","quote":"A pattern of conduct that willfully and maliciously causes another to feel bullied, stalked, persecuted, threatened, injured, or attacked.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.14706,0.57331,0.71798,0.01393],[0.14706,0.58973,0.35506,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-09","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Stalking victims may be known to the individual, like partners, or strangers, like officials","quote":"The victim of this behavior may or may not have a pre-existing relationship with the individual of concern. Examples of victims with a pre-existing relationship to the individual include romantic partners, family members, coworkers, classmates, or neighbors, while those without a prior relationship may include elected officials, government employees, or celebrities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.51102,0.58973,0.40568,0.01393],[0.14706,0.60614,0.76759,0.01393],[0.14706,0.62256,0.77639,0.01393],[0.14706,0.63897,0.77115,0.01393],[0.14706,0.65538,0.20126,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-10","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Extreme beliefs theme covers hateful or violent ideologies shaping a person's worldview","quote":"Extreme ideological, political, or conspiratorial beliefs that advocate hate or violence, form the basis of an individual’s worldview or significantly influence an individual’s daily life.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.14706,0.72168,0.76389,0.01393],[0.14706,0.73809,0.66361,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p048-11","page":48,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Extreme beliefs may rest on conspiracy theories or bias against protected groups","quote":"Extreme beliefs may be based on distortion of facts (e.g., conspiracy theories) or may advocate distrust, hatred, or the use of violence targeting others based on biases against a particular race, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, or gender identity.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Behavioral Themes table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":48,"rects":[[0.81942,0.73809,0.06807,0.01393],[0.14706,0.75451,0.7701,0.01393],[0.14706,0.77092,0.78041,0.01393],[0.14706,0.78733,0.49032,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 48). Claim p048-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p048-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p048-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-01","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Fixation theme defined as obsessive preoccupation that harms aspects of a person's life","quote":"An intense or obsessive preoccupation with a person, event, activity, or belief to the point where it negatively impacts aspects of an individual’s life.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Fixations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.15033,0.13984,0.78085,0.01393],[0.15033,0.15625,0.40525,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-02","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Fixations often have angry undertones and may show via grievances, weapons interest, stalking","quote":"Fixations often carry an angry or emotional undertone and may be evidenced through an individual’s extreme beliefs, grievances, interest in violence or weapons, and stalking or harassing behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Fixations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.56432,0.15625,0.3514,0.01393],[0.15033,0.17267,0.77422,0.01393],[0.15033,0.18908,0.46096,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-03","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Behavior changes theme defined as observable shifts in mental, social or other functioning","quote":"Changes in behavior observable to others, including notable shifts in mental, social, occupational, physical, or interpersonal functioning.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Behavior changes","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.15033,0.25959,0.7877,0.01393],[0.15033,0.276,0.30026,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-04","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Behavior changes may appear as withdrawal, substance use, aggression or departure from baseline","quote":"This may be evidenced through changes in mood, appearance, or hygiene; withdrawing or isolating from others; new or increased substance use; sudden aggressive, violent, or threatening behavior; changes in work or school attendance or performance; signs of depression or paranoia; or other uncharacteristic actions that demonstrate a distinct change from an individual’s baseline behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Behavior changes","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.45949,0.276,0.40326,0.01393],[0.15033,0.29242,0.76509,0.01393],[0.15033,0.30883,0.7538,0.01393],[0.15033,0.32525,0.78407,0.01393],[0.15033,0.34166,0.44813,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-05","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Desperation or despair theme defined as feeling hopeless or out of options","quote":"Feeling hopeless, despondent, desperate, or out of options.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Desperation or despair","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.15033,0.40669,0.47692,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-06","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Seeing no improvement may lead individuals to view violence as their only coping option","quote":"An individual’s inability to perceive an improvement in their situation may lead to feelings of extreme distress, depression, frustration, and the perception that violence is the only option to cope with their circumstances.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Desperation or despair","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.63616,0.40669,0.28171,0.01393],[0.15033,0.42311,0.79036,0.01393],[0.15033,0.43952,0.67976,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-07","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Intense anger theme defined as pattern of escalating anger seen in behavior or communication","quote":"A pattern of intense or escalating anger or aggression that is observed through the individual’s behavior, communication, or reported feelings.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Intense anger or aggression","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.15033,0.50455,0.76849,0.01393],[0.15033,0.52097,0.37322,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-08","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Anger theme may be marked by impulsive outbursts, overreaction, or frequent aggression","quote":"This may be marked by impulsive angry outbursts, significant overreaction to circumstances or events, or frequent episodes of verbal or physical aggression directed at others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Intense anger or aggression","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.53245,0.52097,0.40751,0.01393],[0.15033,0.53738,0.75845,0.01393],[0.15033,0.55379,0.23783,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-09","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Inconsistency theme defined as unusual differences in behavior across work, home, school","quote":"Evidence of unusual inconsistencies in an individual’s communications and behaviors that may occur across the various community systems in their lives, including how they behave at work, home, school, or in social or romantic contexts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Inconsistency","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.15033,0.6188,0.76228,0.01393],[0.15033,0.63521,0.76076,0.01393],[0.15033,0.65163,0.37718,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-10","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Inconsistencies may indicate efforts to conceal violent intentions or behavior","quote":"When inconsistencies are found, these may be indicative of efforts to conceal violent intentions or behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Inconsistency","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.53642,0.65163,0.37508,0.01393],[0.15033,0.66804,0.48944,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-11","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Planning theme covers attack preparation steps like target research, weapons, and hit lists","quote":"Specific steps taken to prepare to carry out an act of violence, including researching, visiting, or following potential targets; researching, manufacturing, acquiring, or practicing with weapons; documenting preparations for an attack through hit lists, to-do lists, maps, or manifestos; researching prior attacks and tactics; developing attack plans; researching logistical concerns; or using deceptive practices to hide activities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Planning and final acts","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.15033,0.73178,0.77525,0.01393],[0.15033,0.7482,0.76242,0.01393],[0.15033,0.76461,0.72066,0.01393],[0.15033,0.78102,0.76022,0.01393],[0.15033,0.79744,0.36753,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p049-12","page":49,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"Final acts may include wills, farewell notes, and giving away possessions before arrest or death","quote":"Individuals may also engage in final acts intended to make a statement or to prepare for their inevitable arrest or death. These acts may include drafting a last will and testament, making financial arrangements for family members, leaving farewell messages or notes, posting goodbye messages online, and selling or giving away personal possessions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral themes: Planning and final acts","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":49,"rects":[[0.52676,0.79744,0.40218,0.01393],[0.15033,0.81385,0.75481,0.01393],[0.15033,0.83027,0.75332,0.01393],[0.15033,0.84668,0.72319,0.01393],[0.15033,0.86309,0.17091,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 49). Claim p049-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p049-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p049-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-01","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Motive theme defined as reasons the individual engaged in concerning behavior","quote":"The reason(s) why the individual engaged in the behavior that elicited concern or brought them to the attention of law enforcement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motive theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.15033,0.14552,0.77641,0.01393],[0.15033,0.16193,0.28851,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-02","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Motive theme also covers reasons that may drive someone to commit violence","quote":"Motive also includes assessing the reasons that may drive an individual to carry out an act of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motive theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.44774,0.16193,0.49001,0.01393],[0.15033,0.17835,0.32691,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-03","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Motives may be multifaceted, including grievances, ideology, psychosis and notoriety","quote":"Motives may be multifaceted and include retaliating for grievances or perceived wrongs (e.g., bullying, failed romantic relationships, or workplace issues); furthering ideological, bias-related, or political beliefs; acting in response to psychotic symptoms; having a desire to kill; achieving fame or notoriety; or committing suicide-by-cop.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motive theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.48598,0.17835,0.44718,0.01393],[0.15033,0.19476,0.78733,0.01393],[0.15033,0.21118,0.78747,0.01393],[0.15033,0.22759,0.65383,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-04","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Elicited concern theme: behavior caused fear, alarm or distress in observers","quote":"The individual’s behaviors or communications have caused fear, alarm, worry, or distress in those who observed them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Elicited Concern theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.15033,0.29514,0.78032,0.01393],[0.15033,0.31156,0.16183,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-05","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessors should note whether others fear for their safety due to the behavior","quote":"Particular attention should be paid to whether others are in fear for their safety as a result of the individual’s behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Elicited Concern theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.32106,0.31156,0.58687,0.01393],[0.15033,0.32797,0.35923,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-06","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Family, coworkers, police and others may have been concerned by varied behaviors","quote":"Family members, friends, coworkers, neighbors, law enforcement, mental health professionals, and others may have been concerned about an individual’s demeanor, mental wellbeing, threatening or disturbing communications, harassing or other violent behavior, obsession with weapons or violent topics, isolating or withdrawing from others, substance use or abuse, or other concerning behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Elicited Concern theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.51699,0.32797,0.38534,0.01393],[0.15033,0.34438,0.75656,0.01393],[0.15033,0.3608,0.75839,0.01393],[0.15033,0.37721,0.7476,0.01393],[0.15033,0.39363,0.54707,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-07","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Access to weapons theme: current or future ability to obtain firearms, blades, explosives","quote":"Current or future ability to access weapons that could be used to cause harm, including firearms, bladed weapons, explosives, chemicals, or poisons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Access to Weapons theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.15033,0.46,0.78309,0.01393],[0.15033,0.47641,0.40841,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p050-08","page":50,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Weapon access may include secured or unsecured home weapons and relatives' or friends'","quote":"Access to weapons may include those that are readily available to the individual in their home, whether secured or unsecured, as well as those accessible in the homes of relatives or friends.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Access to Weapons theme","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":50,"rects":[[0.56764,0.47641,0.34584,0.01393],[0.15033,0.49283,0.74984,0.01393],[0.15033,0.50924,0.41831,0.01393]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 50). Claim p050-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p050-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p050-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-01","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Contextual themes are personal circumstances that may negatively affect thinking and behavior","quote":"Contextual themes represent significant elements of an individual’s personal circumstances and surroundings which may negatively impact their thinking and behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Contextual Themes para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.05719,0.12877,0.35514,0.01532],[0.05719,0.14772,0.31767,0.01532],[0.05719,0.16666,0.38931,0.01532],[0.05719,0.18561,0.40503,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-02","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"evidence","title":"Prior NTAC research found many past attackers had substantial negative contextual experiences","quote":"Some of these Assessment Themes have their own body of existing research examining their impact on an individual, and prior NTAC research has found that many past attackers had experienced substantial negative experiences related to these contextual themes as well.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Contextual Themes para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.05719,0.20455,0.40885,0.01532],[0.05719,0.2235,0.36481,0.01532],[0.05719,0.24244,0.34571,0.01532],[0.05719,0.26139,0.36488,0.01532],[0.05719,0.28033,0.41979,0.01532],[0.05719,0.29927,0.35081,0.01532],[0.05719,0.31822,0.13092,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-03","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Gathering positive and negative contextual details establishes context and informs interventions","quote":"Gathering both positive details (e.g., caring and supportive family) and negative details (e.g., familial discord and violence) about these factors will establish the context of past, present, and impending circumstances within which the individual of concern is operating and will inform the BTAU’s intervention strategies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Contextual Themes para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.19791,0.31822,0.21119,0.01532],[0.05719,0.33716,0.37452,0.01532],[0.05719,0.35611,0.4064,0.01532],[0.05719,0.37505,0.37901,0.01532],[0.05719,0.394,0.38999,0.01532],[0.05719,0.41294,0.39436,0.01532],[0.05719,0.43189,0.42272,0.01532],[0.05719,0.45083,0.19965,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-04","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Six contextual themes, including stressors, home life and mental health","quote":"Stressors • Home life • Mental health • Criminal history • Interpersonal difficulties • Lack of consequences","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Contextual Themes graphic","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.64132,0.1841,0.08817,0.0165],[0.62121,0.207,0.11156,0.01991],[0.62121,0.23175,0.14967,0.01991],[0.62121,0.25649,0.17065,0.01991],[0.62121,0.28123,0.2522,0.01991],[0.62121,0.30597,0.23293,0.01991]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-05","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessing risk centrally requires understanding concerning behaviors seen in past attackers","quote":"Central to assessing whether an individual poses a risk of targeted violence is understanding the nature of concerning behaviors commonly observed in previous attackers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral Themes para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.05719,0.51261,0.37461,0.01532],[0.05719,0.53156,0.30859,0.01532],[0.05719,0.5505,0.35466,0.01532],[0.05719,0.56945,0.37692,0.01532],[0.05719,0.58839,0.08225,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-06","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Behavioral themes alone cannot predict violence but inform assessment and management","quote":"While the presence of these behaviors alone cannot predict if an individual will become violent, it will inform the final assessment and management strategies employed by BTAUs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral Themes para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.14923,0.58839,0.24913,0.01532],[0.05719,0.60734,0.41164,0.01532],[0.05719,0.62628,0.37067,0.01532],[0.05719,0.64522,0.35692,0.01532],[0.05719,0.66417,0.18006,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-07","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Example: fixated, isolated individual researching public gatherings requires risk management","quote":"For example, if an assessment reveals an individual is fixated on past attackers, has grown increasingly isolated, has posted concerning violent content on social media, and has been researching upcoming public gatherings, the BTAU will need to develop the appropriate strategies to manage the risk the individual may pose toward public spaces or other potential targets.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Behavioral Themes para","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.24705,0.66417,0.15856,0.01532],[0.05719,0.68311,0.4018,0.01532],[0.05719,0.70206,0.41936,0.01532],[0.05719,0.721,0.34251,0.01532],[0.05719,0.73995,0.37653,0.01532],[0.05719,0.75889,0.34441,0.01532],[0.05719,0.77784,0.32428,0.01532],[0.05719,0.79678,0.38467,0.01532],[0.05719,0.81572,0.35805,0.01532],[0.05719,0.83467,0.14812,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p051-08","page":51,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Eleven behavioral themes, including fixations and desperation or despair","quote":"Concerning or threatening communications • Interest in violent topics • History of violence • Stalking, harassing, or bullying • Extreme beliefs • Fixations • Behavior changes • Desperation or despair • Intense anger or aggression • Inconsistency • Planning and final acts","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","concerning-behavior"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Behavioral Themes graphic","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":51,"rects":[[0.6443,0.56575,0.25298,0.0165],[0.6443,0.58532,0.15829,0.0165],[0.62419,0.60821,0.25119,0.01991],[0.62419,0.63296,0.19958,0.01991],[0.62419,0.6577,0.31171,0.01991],[0.62419,0.68244,0.16928,0.01991],[0.62419,0.70718,0.10692,0.01991],[0.62419,0.73192,0.19098,0.01991],[0.62419,0.75667,0.2395,0.01991],[0.62419,0.78141,0.28716,0.01991],[0.62419,0.80615,0.15046,0.01991],[0.62419,0.83089,0.23665,0.01991]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 51). Claim p051-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p051-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p051-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-01","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"Summative themes are key questions that must be answered in an overall assessment","quote":"Summative themes represent key questions that must be answered as part of an overall assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Summative Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12389,0.38857,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14284,0.38553,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16178,0.10256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-02","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Identifying what could motivate violence better equips BTAUs to assess risk","quote":"BTAUs will be better equipped to make an informed assessment of risk if they have identified what is, or could be, motivating someone to become violent.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Summative Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.17118,0.16178,0.2964,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18073,0.39033,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19967,0.41731,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21861,0.2489,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-03","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs need to learn whether contacts of the individual have been concerned, especially about safety","quote":"They will also need to understand if the people who know or have had contact with the individual have been concerned, especially if their concern is related to safety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Summative Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.31752,0.21861,0.1194,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23756,0.38996,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2565,0.39484,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27545,0.38149,0.01532],[0.05882,0.29439,0.16498,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-04","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs must assess means and capability by learning about weapons accessible to the individual","quote":"Lastly, BTAUs will need to assess if the individual has the means and capability to cause harm by gathering information about the weapons the individual has access to or could potentially obtain.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Summative Themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.23207,0.29439,0.20495,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31334,0.35658,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33228,0.377,0.01532],[0.05882,0.35123,0.40599,0.01532],[0.05882,0.37017,0.3601,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-05","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Three summative themes: motive, elicited concern in others, access to weapons","quote":"Motive • Elicited concern in others • Access to weapons","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Summative Themes graphic","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.60334,0.18498,0.06447,0.0165],[0.58324,0.20788,0.26408,0.01991],[0.58324,0.23452,0.20444,0.01991]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-06","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"BTAU must judge whether individual poses violence risk while weighing needed interventions","quote":"As information is gathered from interviews, records, and other sources, the BTAU must assess whether an individual does or does not pose a risk of violence, while also thinking about what intervention is required to move the individual toward a more positive outcome.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.05882,0.44902,0.83276,0.01532],[0.05882,0.46796,0.83424,0.01532],[0.05882,0.48691,0.70511,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-07","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Risk assessment should consider Assessment Themes via Systems Approach plus situational factors","quote":"The BTAU should make this assessment by considering all the information gathered about the Assessment Themes using the Systems Approach, while also considering any other situational factors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","assessment-themes","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.77355,0.48691,0.15333,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50585,0.86351,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5248,0.71733,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-08","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Focus on whether a person poses a threat, not only whether they made one","quote":"When assessing for risk, the BTAU should not focus solely on whether a person made a threat, but whether a person poses a threat. In other words, while explicit threats are relevant to assessing risk, they are not the sole indicator for whether a person may become violent and, as such, should not be treated as a threshold for concern by public safety officials.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.05882,0.56077,0.87392,0.01539],[0.05882,0.57971,0.8445,0.01539],[0.05882,0.59867,0.8714,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61762,0.58716,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-09","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"evidence","title":"NTAC research shows many attackers make no explicit threats before attacking","quote":"This distinction is based on decades of NTAC research that demonstrates that many attackers do not make explicit threats of violence prior to an attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.65578,0.61762,0.24135,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63656,0.8431,0.01532],[0.05882,0.6555,0.25787,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-10","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Central question of threat assessment: does the individual pose a violence risk now","quote":"Therefore, the central question in behavioral threat assessment is—Does the individual of concern pose a risk of violence at this time?","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.32649,0.6555,0.59477,0.01532],[0.05882,0.6741,0.59409,0.01572]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-11","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU may apply management strategies even when no current violence risk appears","quote":"Even if the individual does not appear to pose a risk of violence at this time, the BTAU may decide to implement some management strategies to support the individual’s wellbeing and prevent the situation from escalating.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.05882,0.843,0.87399,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86195,0.8294,0.01532],[0.05882,0.88089,0.25481,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p052-12","page":52,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Units must continuously assess changes in threat throughout an assessment","quote":"Throughout an assessment, it is essential that units continuously assess any potential changes in the threat posed by the individual of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Make an Assessment para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":52,"rects":[[0.32343,0.88089,0.57228,0.01532],[0.05882,0.89984,0.68694,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 52). Claim p052-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p052-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p052-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-01","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conjecture","title":"New information may reveal impending stressors or previously unknown planning behaviors","quote":"information may be uncovered regarding an impending stressor that could have a triggering effect on the individual, or information could be found on previously unknown planning behaviors that indicate the individual is considering violence.","tag":"I","reason":"The sentence crosses a page break: this quote is the page 53 part and the sentence begins on page 52. Full sentence (pages 52–53): “For instance, new information may be uncovered regarding an impending stressor that could have a triggering effect on the individual, or information could be found on previously unknown planning behaviors that indicate the individual is considering violence.”","concepts":["assessment-themes","preliminary-inquiry-and-full-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09391,0.87838,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11285,0.85309,0.01532],[0.05882,0.13179,0.40415,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-02","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs may classify assessments into low, medium, high risk, unlike Secret Service practice","quote":"While not Secret Service practice, BTAUs may explore classifying their assessments into levels of risk (e.g., low risk, medium risk, and high risk) if needed for case prioritization and management.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.10301,0.25051,0.68197,0.01671],[0.10301,0.27198,0.79251,0.01671],[0.10301,0.29345,0.38486,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-03","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Each risk level should be clearly defined to avoid inconsistent assessments","quote":"In doing so, BTAUs should ensure that each classification level is clearly defined and articulable (e.g., clarifying the distinction between low and medium risk) in order to avoid confusion and inconsistencies across assessments.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.49856,0.29345,0.32379,0.01671],[0.10301,0.31492,0.74066,0.01671],[0.10301,0.33638,0.75476,0.01671],[0.10301,0.35785,0.34188,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-04","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Protocols should permit deviating from prescribed risk levels for unique circumstances","quote":"The BTAU’s protocols should allow for the unit to deviate from the prescribed levels of risk, if needed, based on any unique circumstances identified during the assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","standard-operating-procedures"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.45557,0.35785,0.40678,0.01671],[0.10301,0.37932,0.7795,0.01671],[0.10301,0.40079,0.46123,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-05","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Protocols should allow risk management resources for all cases, even low risk","quote":"Protocols should also allow for implementing risk management resources to all cases, including those deemed low risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.57492,0.40079,0.29762,0.01671],[0.10301,0.42226,0.76572,0.01671],[0.10301,0.44373,0.07412,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-06","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Assessments should be objectively reasonable, articulable and use all available information","quote":"Assessments should be based on an objectively reasonable and articulable assessment of the potential for violence, taking into account all available information identified by the BTAU.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.05882,0.50049,0.83101,0.01532],[0.05882,0.51943,0.79532,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-07","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Unit should document the risk decision and its factual justification","quote":"The unit should document the decision and its justification with facts and details identified during the assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.86367,0.51943,0.03309,0.01532],[0.05882,0.53838,0.86551,0.01532],[0.05882,0.55732,0.10256,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-08","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"statement","title":"Assessment results guide how the BTAU manages risk through interventions in Step 5","quote":"Based on the results of the assessment, the BTAU will then determine how to manage the risk of violence through interventions and supports, as described in STEP 5.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Levels of Risk para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.17118,0.55732,0.76233,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57627,0.7022,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-09","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs may explore SPJ tools to assess risk and develop management plans, unlike Secret Service","quote":"While not Secret Service practice, BTAUs may explore the use of structured professional judgment (SPJ) tools to support their process of assessing risk and developing a management plan.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["structured-professional-judgment-tools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: SPJ Tools para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.10216,0.68784,0.73356,0.01671],[0.10216,0.70931,0.77387,0.01671],[0.10216,0.73078,0.30669,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-10","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"definition","title":"SPJs are instruments trained staff use to measure risk and may suggest management","quote":"SPJs are instruments that can be used by trained personnel to measure the level of risk posed by an individual and may offer management considerations to reduce risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["structured-professional-judgment-tools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: SPJ Tools para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.41953,0.73078,0.47428,0.01671],[0.10216,0.75225,0.73007,0.01671],[0.10216,0.77372,0.41447,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p053-11","page":53,"section":"step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk","type":"conclusion","title":"Tools need evidence of reliability and validity for targeted violence; unit members may deviate","quote":"BTAUs should ensure that any tools incorporated into their behavioral threat assessment process have established evidence of reliability and validity for assessing the risk of targeted violence, specifically, and that the BTAU’s protocols allow for the unit members to deviate from the structured tool, if needed, based on their operational law enforcement training and experience.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["structured-professional-judgment-tools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: SPJ Tools para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":53,"rects":[[0.52731,0.77372,0.34511,0.01671],[0.10216,0.79519,0.75687,0.01671],[0.10216,0.81666,0.74112,0.01671],[0.10216,0.83813,0.7794,0.01671],[0.10216,0.8596,0.77146,0.01671],[0.10216,0.88107,0.22862,0.01671]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 53). Claim p053-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p053-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-4-gather-information-to-assess-for-risk#p053-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p054-01","page":54,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must manage risk once individuals are assessed as posing a risk of violence","quote":"When individuals of concern are assessed as posing a risk of violence, BTAUs must work to manage the risk and reduce the likelihood of a violent outcome.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 intro para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":54,"rects":[[0.05882,0.57658,0.81319,0.01655],[0.05882,0.59678,0.70507,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p054-02","page":54,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management often involves identifying individual needs and community resources alongside policing","quote":"Along with more traditional law enforcement action, these efforts will often involve identifying the needs of the individual and the community resources available to address those needs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 intro para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":54,"rects":[[0.77485,0.59678,0.10784,0.01655],[0.05882,0.61698,0.85585,0.01655],[0.05882,0.63717,0.85015,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p054-03","page":54,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Risk management spans case planning, implementation, monitoring and eventual closure","quote":"The process of managing risk includes case planning, implementation, monitoring, and, eventually, case closure.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 intro para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":54,"rects":[[0.05882,0.65737,0.85829,0.01655],[0.05882,0.67757,0.232,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p054-04","page":54,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"definition","title":"Management defined as BTAU strategies aimed at reducing likelihood of violent outcome","quote":"In behavioral threat assessment, management refers to the strategies and efforts pursued by a BTAU with the goal of reducing the likelihood of a violent outcome.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["key-terms-and-definitions","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles of Management para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":54,"rects":[[0.05882,0.75753,0.84139,0.01572],[0.05882,0.77682,0.59507,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p054-05","page":54,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management may combine immediate short-term and assessment-driven long-term strategies","quote":"Management efforts may include short-term strategies that begin immediately upon receipt of information that indicates a safety concern, as well as long-term strategies driven by the assessment and other situational factors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles of Management para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":54,"rects":[[0.66351,0.77682,0.22343,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79577,0.8473,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81471,0.84874,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83366,0.06183,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p054-06","page":54,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs need documented strategies addressing factors behind a person's desire or potential to harm","quote":"BTAUs will need to develop and document strategies to address the factors that are contributing to the individual’s desire or potential to cause harm.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Principles of Management para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":54,"rects":[[0.13045,0.83366,0.74712,0.01532],[0.05882,0.8526,0.57264,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 54). Claim p054-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p054-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p054-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-01","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management aims to reduce negative outcomes and raise positive ones, like other prevention models","quote":"The concept of management is rooted in the same principles as other intervention-based models of prevention in that the goal is for the BTAU to act in ways that reduce the potential for a negative outcome while increasing the likelihood of a positive outcome.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.05882,0.10234,0.79313,0.01532],[0.05882,0.12128,0.85605,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14023,0.64937,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-02","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management strategies are built around known factors affecting likelihood of violence","quote":"In behavioral threat assessment, management strategies for a case are constructed around the known factors that appear to make an individual more or less likely to engage in violent behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.71781,0.14023,0.17316,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15917,0.83603,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17812,0.68949,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-03","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"BTAUs can target reducing negative factors and increasing positive ones found in assessment","quote":"When those factors are revealed by an assessment, the BTAU can implement strategies aimed at reducing the negative factors of concern, while increasing any identified factors that are positive.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.75649,0.17812,0.17483,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19706,0.87922,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21601,0.65908,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-04","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management phase is a systematic risk approach offering early intervention","quote":"The management phase of a behavioral threat assessment: • is a systematic risk management approach and • provides an avenue for early intervention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 bullets 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.72752,0.21601,0.1561,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23495,0.36179,0.01532],[0.07353,0.27066,0.43297,0.01659],[0.07353,0.30096,0.37941,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-05","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should, when possible, involve the individual and support network in planning","quote":"Whenever possible, the BTAU should include the individual of concern and their support network (e.g., family and friends) in the process of developing an effective case management plan.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.05883,0.33151,0.86357,0.01532],[0.05883,0.35045,0.79399,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-06","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Collaborative rapport with individual and supports aids management success","quote":"Maintaining a positive and collaborative rapport with the individual and their support systems will aid in the success of the management approach.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.05883,0.3694,0.8678,0.01532],[0.05883,0.38834,0.42727,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-07","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Planning requires strategies to reduce violence risk and address individual needs","quote":"The planning phase of management requires the BTAU to identify strategies to reduce the risk of violence and to address the identified needs of the individual.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Management planning para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.05882,0.46724,0.83842,0.01532],[0.05882,0.48618,0.56718,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-08","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should set clear expectations and actionable goals for an evaluable plan","quote":"The BTAU should set clear expectations and actionable goals to create a comprehensive plan that can be executed and evaluated for success following implementation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Management planning para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.6358,0.48618,0.23429,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50513,0.82205,0.01532],[0.05882,0.52407,0.42384,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-09","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Four elements should guide management of concerning behavior in BTAU cases","quote":"There are four elements that should guide the management of concerning behavior during a behavioral threat assessment. BTAUs should take steps to: • address factors of concern and promote positive factors, • redirect potential motives for violence, • create a situation less prone to violence, and • utilize the Systems Approach for management.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-for-targeted-violence","risk-management-strategies","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Management planning bullets","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.49246,0.52407,0.40835,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54302,0.85036,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56196,0.07587,0.01532],[0.07353,0.59768,0.51994,0.01659],[0.07353,0.62798,0.35867,0.01659],[0.07353,0.65828,0.4112,0.01659],[0.07353,0.68859,0.42869,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-10","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Physical security of persons or places may be part of management but is outside scope","quote":"Management may also involve elements of physical security or physical protection for a person or location at risk; however, those efforts fall outside the scope of this guidance.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Management planning para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.10948,0.75215,0.74886,0.0181],[0.10948,0.77488,0.8416,0.0181],[0.10948,0.79761,0.2379,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p055-11","page":55,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should work with law enforcement and security partners to secure potential targets","quote":"BTAUs should work with their relevant law enforcement and security partners to ensure the physical security of people and places that may be potential targets.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Management planning para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":55,"rects":[[0.35875,0.79761,0.58461,0.0181],[0.10948,0.82035,0.82639,0.0181],[0.10948,0.84308,0.2591,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 55). Claim p055-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p055-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p055-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p056-01","page":56,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Four risk management elements: address, redirect, create, and collaborate","quote":"Address factors of concern and promote positive factors | Redirect potential motives for violence | Create a situation less prone to violence | Utilize the Systems Approach for management Identify negative factors and create strategies to support positive outcomes. | Identify possible motivations and direct resources to address them. | Create an environment in which violence is less likely. | Collaborate with community stakeholders who can contribute.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Risk management elements figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":56,"rects":[[0.05889,0.551,0.62814,0.01991]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p056-02","page":56,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Example interventions per element, e.g., substance treatment, limiting weapons, GPS monitoring","quote":"EXAMPLES: | EXAMPLES: | EXAMPLES: | EXAMPLES: ▪Employment | ▪Address workplace | ▪Limit access to | ▪Leverage campus assistance | grievances | weapons | resources ▪Substance abuse | ▪Intervene to stop | ▪Obtain restraining | ▪Identify counseling treatment | bullying | orders | services ▪Mental health | ▪Deescalate | ▪Seek GPS | ▪Engage family treatment | interpersonal conflicts | monitoring | for support","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Risk management elements figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":56,"rects":[[0.12797,0.33987,0.66662,0.01194]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p056-03","page":56,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should adopt prevention mindset, reducing risk factors and promoting protective ones","quote":"BTAUs should adopt a prevention mindset and work to address those factors that appear to make violence more likely while promoting any factors in an individual’s life that would reduce the likelihood of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Address Factors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":56,"rects":[[0.05889,0.57844,0.87211,0.01532],[0.05889,0.59738,0.78403,0.01532],[0.05889,0.61633,0.22287,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p056-04","page":56,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Management should be tailored to the individual using Systems Approach and Assessment Themes","quote":"This approach should be tailored specifically to the individual and the factors identified utilizing the Systems Approach and the Assessment Themes described in STEP 4.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-themes","risk-management-strategies","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Address Factors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":56,"rects":[[0.29138,0.61633,0.61914,0.01532],[0.05889,0.63527,0.87927,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p056-05","page":56,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Example: BTAU could link a threatener with job and alcohol programs plus family support","quote":"For example, a BTAU may learn that an individual who threatened violence is experiencing alcohol dependency and recently lost a job but also has a supportive family and is receptive to receiving assistance. In this case, the BTAU could connect the individual with a local employment assistance program and an alcohol abuse program while also leveraging the support of the individual’s family members.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Address Factors para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":56,"rects":[[0.05889,0.67126,0.32033,0.01532],[0.05889,0.6902,0.33859,0.01532],[0.05889,0.70915,0.31946,0.01532],[0.05889,0.72809,0.32624,0.01532],[0.05889,0.74704,0.32471,0.01532],[0.05889,0.76598,0.32512,0.01532],[0.05889,0.78492,0.35169,0.01532],[0.05889,0.80387,0.35356,0.01532],[0.05889,0.82281,0.36343,0.01532],[0.05889,0.84176,0.3644,0.01532],[0.05889,0.8607,0.14293,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 56). Claim p056-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p056-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p056-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-01","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"fact","title":"NTAC research has identified common motives among those planning or perpetrating targeted violence","quote":"Prior NTAC research has identified common motives for those who have planned or perpetrated acts of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-for-targeted-violence","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Redirect motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12389,0.85512,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14284,0.22194,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-02","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"fact","title":"Public-space mass attacks most often motivated by five motives, including grievances and racial bias","quote":"For example, in a study examining mass attacks in public spaces, NTAC found that such attacks were most commonly motivated by grievances (e.g., personal, workplace, or domestic), ideologies/racial bias, symptoms of psychosis (e.g., paranoia or delusions), desire to kill, and seeking fame or notoriety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-for-targeted-violence","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Redirect motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.29038,0.14284,0.63264,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16178,0.86865,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18073,0.8457,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19967,0.32654,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-03","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conjecture","title":"Motives are often multifaceted and may not stem from a single factor","quote":"Motives are often multifaceted, and an individual’s desire to act violently may not be driven by one factor in isolation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Redirect motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.40381,0.19965,0.50505,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21859,0.52693,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-04","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should identify motive factors and redirect them toward prosocial behavior","quote":"Therefore, the BTAU should work to identify the relevant factors contributing to the motivation for violent behavior and then take steps to redirect those motives to more appropriate prosocial behavior and, ultimately, positive outcomes.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-for-targeted-violence","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Redirect motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.59555,0.21859,0.29454,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23754,0.85246,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25648,0.84705,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27543,0.08796,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-05","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Redirecting motives needs strategic resources like mediation, counseling and mental health care","quote":"Redirecting motives requires strategic use of resources to mitigate factors of concern, such as resources to mediate interpersonal grievances, counseling to build better problem-solving strategies, mental health treatment, or other social services that can address the circumstances driving the individual’s behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","mental-health","motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Redirect motives para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.05882,0.31141,0.8118,0.01532],[0.05882,0.33036,0.82625,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3493,0.84838,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36825,0.284,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-06","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"A BTAU may use community mediation for someone harassing neighbors after a land dispute","quote":"For example, if a BTAU determines an individual has been harassing neighbors following a land use dispute, the BTAU may be able to identify a community-based mediation resource to help reconcile the disagreement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","motives-for-targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Redirect motives para 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.351,0.36825,0.51198,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38719,0.86712,0.01532],[0.05882,0.40614,0.54646,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-07","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Management should create less violence-prone situations, e.g., lawfully limiting weapon access","quote":"Risk management strategies should work to create a situation less prone to violence. One way to create a less volatile situation is to limit access to weapons when permissible under legal and constitutional protections.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Less prone to violence para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.05882,0.46796,0.8374,0.01532],[0.05882,0.4869,0.85075,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50585,0.22891,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-08","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"fact","title":"Nearly 73% of US mass attacks used firearms; over 29% of gun users met a federal prohibition","quote":"NTAC research has shown that nearly three-quarters (73%) of mass attacks in the United States involved firearms, and over one-quarter (29%) of the attackers who used firearms met at least one criterion that federally prohibited them from purchasing or possessing a firearm.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Less prone to violence para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.29753,0.50585,0.59791,0.01532],[0.05882,0.52479,0.80688,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54374,0.84209,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56268,0.1822,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-09","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Since state law may add restrictions, BTAUs should consider if firearm possession is legal","quote":"In addition to existing federal laws, state law may establish additional restrictions on firearm possession. For this reason, it is important for the BTAU to consider if an individual is in possession of a firearm and, if so, whether that possession is legal.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Less prone to violence para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.2616,0.56266,0.61572,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5816,0.84618,0.01532],[0.05882,0.60054,0.71648,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-10","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Three firearm-access strategies: voluntary storage, court-ordered removal, enforcing prohibitions","quote":"Depending on the nature of the firearm possession, there are three primary strategies for limiting access, which include seeking voluntary storage, pursuing court-ordered removal, and enforcing existing firearms prohibitions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Less prone to violence para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.7851,0.60054,0.12609,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61949,0.85884,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63843,0.88003,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65738,0.10651,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-11","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"definition","title":"Voluntary storage: informal, no court order, guns kept temporarily with trusted people or sites","quote":"Voluntary storage: Voluntary out-of-home storage of firearms is an informal process that does not involve a court order. With this strategy, an individual agrees to temporarily store their firearm with a trusted family member, friend, or participating storage facility (e.g., gun retailer or police department) for safekeeping.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Voluntary storage bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.18383,0.69302,0.18287,0.01572],[0.18383,0.71799,0.70317,0.01532],[0.18383,0.73693,0.72013,0.01532],[0.18383,0.75588,0.72393,0.01532],[0.18383,0.77482,0.49537,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-12","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conjecture","title":"Positive rapport can help encourage voluntary out-of-home firearm storage","quote":"Having a positive rapport with an individual of concern can be helpful in encouraging voluntary out-of-home storage.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Voluntary storage bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.68899,0.77482,0.2257,0.01532],[0.18383,0.79377,0.73455,0.01532],[0.18383,0.81271,0.06719,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p057-13","page":57,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conjecture","title":"Voluntary storage can help where court-ordered removal is unavailable or unmet","quote":"This strategy can be helpful for BTAUs operating in a state where there are no avenues for court-ordered removal or situations in which the criteria for court ordered removal have not been met.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Voluntary storage bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":57,"rects":[[0.26063,0.81271,0.66496,0.01532],[0.18383,0.83166,0.7183,0.01532],[0.18383,0.8506,0.31943,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 57). Claim p057-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p057-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p057-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-01","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"evidence","title":"Some states' ERPOs let petitioners seek temporary firearm confiscation from at-risk individuals","quote":"Court-ordered removal: Some states have implemented extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs), also known as red flag laws, which allow for certain individuals (e.g., law enforcement or family members) to petition for the temporary confiscation of firearms from an individual of concern if the court agrees that the individual poses a risk of harm to themselves or others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Court-ordered removal","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.18382,0.09694,0.23377,0.01572],[0.18382,0.12191,0.74711,0.01532],[0.18382,0.14086,0.73561,0.01532],[0.18382,0.1598,0.73457,0.01532],[0.18382,0.17875,0.7449,0.01532],[0.18382,0.19769,0.0811,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-02","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"ERPOs follow due process while offering a public safety tool to limit firearm access","quote":"ERPOs follow procedural due process to protect the rights of gun owners while providing an important public safety tool for communities to limit access to firearms in cases where an individual poses an articulable risk of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Court-ordered removal","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.27472,0.19769,0.65442,0.01532],[0.18382,0.21664,0.72425,0.01532],[0.18382,0.23558,0.64936,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-03","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Enforcing existing laws barring prohibited people from firearms limits weapon access","quote":"Enforce existing firearms laws: Another strategy for limiting access to weapons is to enforce existing laws designed to keep firearms from individuals who are not legally permitted to possess them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Enforce existing firearms laws","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.18382,0.27122,0.30534,0.01572],[0.18382,0.29619,0.74909,0.01532],[0.18382,0.31514,0.71253,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-04","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"fact","title":"NTAC found many US mass attacks involved an illegally possessed firearm","quote":"NTAC research has found that many mass attacks in the United States involved a firearm that was illegally possessed at the time of the attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Enforce existing firearms laws","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.18382,0.33408,0.70277,0.01532],[0.18382,0.35303,0.55265,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-05","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"evidence","title":"Federal prohibiting factors include felony conviction, restraining orders and recent drug use","quote":"Federal law has established several longstanding prohibiting factors that make it unlawful for certain individuals to purchase or possess a firearm, including a prior felony conviction, a dishonorable discharge from the military, and being the subject of a current restraining order. Other noteworthy prohibiting factors include illegal drug use within the past year and any prior conviction for a crime of domestic violence (felony or misdemeanor).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Enforce existing firearms laws","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.74627,0.35303,0.13816,0.01532],[0.18382,0.37197,0.75037,0.01532],[0.18382,0.39091,0.70746,0.01532],[0.18382,0.40986,0.68897,0.01532],[0.18382,0.4288,0.75666,0.01532],[0.18382,0.44775,0.72355,0.01532],[0.18382,0.46669,0.12145,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-06","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Public safety officials must know firearm restrictions and should ensure enforcement","quote":"All law enforcement and other public safety officials must be aware of these restrictions, as well as any additional state or local restrictions, and should take steps to ensure these laws are enforced.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Enforce existing firearms laws","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.32287,0.46669,0.59987,0.01532],[0.18382,0.48564,0.73653,0.01532],[0.18382,0.50458,0.3956,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-07","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should urge gun owners living with an individual of concern to reduce access","quote":"In some instances, an individual of concern may not own or have access to firearms but may reside with someone who does. In these instances, the BTAU should speak with the owner and encourage them to reduce the individual’s ability to access the weapons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Safe storage","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.05882,0.54057,0.87863,0.01532],[0.05882,0.55951,0.88024,0.01532],[0.05882,0.57846,0.54248,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-08","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"If owners won't remove guns, BTAU should discuss locked safe storage without access","quote":"If the owner is unwilling to remove the firearms from the home, the BTAU should discuss safe gun storage to ensure the firearms remain in a locked safe and to ensure the individual of concern does not have access to the combination or keys.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Safe storage","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.61109,0.57846,0.30667,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5974,0.82847,0.01532],[0.05882,0.61634,0.81124,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63529,0.18037,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-09","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can educate parties on legal limits on giving prohibited people gun access","quote":"Law enforcement can also educate all parties involved regarding any legal restrictions on allowing firearms access to individuals who are prohibited from possession under federal law.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Safe storage","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.24898,0.63529,0.65942,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65423,0.85562,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67318,0.09724,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-10","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Though not the goal, arrest and charges may be critical for threats, violence or stalking","quote":"Although the goal of a behavioral threat assessment is not criminal prosecution, there are times when arrest and prosecution are necessary. When the BTAU is made aware of an incident involving a threat with a weapon, physical violence, stalking, harassment, or other criminal behaviors, criminal charges may play a critical role in ensuring public safety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Arrest and prosecution","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.05882,0.70916,0.85079,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72811,0.87906,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74705,0.81164,0.01532],[0.05882,0.766,0.57491,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-11","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"BTAU may work with justice system on pretrial release or probation conditions","quote":"In these cases, the BTAU may work with the justice system to pursue conditions for pretrial release or probationary requirements.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Arrest and prosecution","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.64199,0.766,0.26227,0.01532],[0.05882,0.78494,0.87793,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p058-12","page":58,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should ensure firearm confiscation when charges create new possession prohibitions","quote":"If criminal charges result in new firearms possession prohibitions (e.g., domestic violence conviction or felony conviction), the BTAU should work to ensure that any firearms are confiscated in accordance with existing federal law.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Arrest and prosecution","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":58,"rects":[[0.05882,0.80389,0.78878,0.01532],[0.05882,0.82283,0.87847,0.01532],[0.05882,0.84178,0.345,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 58). Claim p058-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p058-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p058-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-01","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Guidance does not aim to provide a physical security framework","quote":"As previously noted, this guidance is not intended to provide a framework for providing physical security.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Physical security para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09729,0.85722,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11623,0.07082,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-02","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should work with security partners to protect potential targets","quote":"BTAUs should be prepared, however, to work within their agencies and with relevant security partners to ensure the physical security of people and places who may be potential targets.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Physical security para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.13791,0.11623,0.74945,0.01532],[0.05882,0.13518,0.81849,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15412,0.06336,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-03","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"BTAU may restrict access to a location when someone poses risk to a person there","quote":"For example, when an individual is assessed as posing a risk to a person at a specific location, the BTAU may take steps to restrict the individual’s ability to access that location.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Physical security para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.13198,0.15412,0.75209,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17307,0.80265,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-04","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Access restriction can use court orders, no trespass orders, and alerting on-site security","quote":"This can be accomplished through court orders that bar access, no trespass orders, and ensuring that on-site security at the location is made aware that the individual is restricted from entering.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Physical security para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.87127,0.17307,0.03613,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19201,0.82009,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21096,0.85066,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-05","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Extra measures could include more guards, entry screening, visible patrols","quote":"Additional measures could include increasing the number of security guards, screening those who enter the location, and having more visible police patrols.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Physical security para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.05882,0.2299,0.87252,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24885,0.50553,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-06","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Systems Approach also frames management by identifying community partners with resources","quote":"STEP 4 of this framework discussed the importance of using the Systems Approach for information gathering and assessment. The Systems Approach also provides a framework for management by identifying community-level partners who can contribute resources toward the BTAU’s violence prevention efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.05882,0.31067,0.7753,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32962,0.828,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34856,0.85129,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36751,0.30728,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p059-07","page":59,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Violence prevention needs community-wide approach leveraging agency partnerships","quote":"Violence prevention requires a community-wide approach, and law enforcement agencies must be prepared to leverage their partnerships with other agencies to help reduce the likelihood of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Systems Approach para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":59,"rects":[[0.3759,0.36751,0.55897,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38645,0.87045,0.01532],[0.05882,0.4054,0.33319,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 59). Claim p059-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p059-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p059-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-01","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Management plans should maximize agency resources and consider outside police partnerships","quote":"Management planning and implementation should seek to maximize internal resources from the agency the BTAU belongs to, as well as consider instances when outside law enforcement partnerships may be utilized.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12389,0.81857,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14284,0.83295,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16178,0.25283,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-02","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can support management by building rapport with the individual and support systems","quote":"Law enforcement can support management by: • developing rapport with the individual of concern and their support systems (e.g., family members);","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.05882,0.19777,0.42303,0.01532],[0.07353,0.2335,0.80112,0.01659],[0.08824,0.25269,0.08363,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-03","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can support management through wellness checks","quote":"conducting wellness checks;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.28298,0.2477,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-04","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can transport individuals for voluntary or involuntary mental health evaluations","quote":"transporting individuals for voluntary or involuntary mental health evaluations;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.31329,0.69297,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-05","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can facilitate consensual or temporary safe storage of weapons","quote":"facilitating the consensual or temporary safe storage of firearms and other weapons;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.34359,0.74824,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-06","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can petition courts for firearm removal such as through an ERPO","quote":"petitioning the court for removal of firearms (e.g., ERPO);","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.37389,0.49834,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-07","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can provide a storage location for forfeited or confiscated firearms","quote":"providing a location for safe firearms storage when firearms are voluntarily forfeited or confiscated through legal means;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.4042,0.77098,0.01532],[0.08824,0.42314,0.29089,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-08","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can help coordinate physical security, e.g., presence at events or targets","quote":"assisting in coordination of physical security strategies (e.g., increased law enforcement presence at special events or potential target locations);","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["physical-security-of-potential-targets"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.45344,0.7793,0.01532],[0.08824,0.47238,0.48924,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-09","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can monitor open-source social media activity for management","quote":"monitoring open-source social media activity;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure","open-source-and-social-media-review"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.50268,0.40274,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-10","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can use consensual encounters to monitor management plan progress","quote":"initiating consensual encounters with the individual of concern to monitor the progress of a management plan;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.53298,0.81328,0.01532],[0.08824,0.55193,0.16115,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-11","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can deploy Crisis Intervention Team officers","quote":"deploying Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) officers;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.58223,0.43025,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-12","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can support management by making arrests when necessary","quote":"making arrests when necessary;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.61253,0.27847,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-13","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Law enforcement can establish cross-jurisdiction collaboration and information sharing","quote":"establishing cross-jurisdiction collaboration and information sharing with other state, local, or federal law enforcement partners as appropriate.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Law Enforcement list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.08824,0.64283,0.83109,0.01532],[0.08824,0.66178,0.43106,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-14","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Multiagency information sharing among criminal justice professionals is critical to managing risk","quote":"A multiagency threat management approach that allows for information sharing among criminal justice professionals, including prosecutors, courts, correctional practitioners, and community supervision officers, is critical in managing the risk posed by an individual of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Judicial para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.05882,0.71796,0.85661,0.01532],[0.05882,0.7369,0.83193,0.01532],[0.05882,0.75585,0.75477,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-15","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Sharing may be one-way due to privacy rules, but justice practitioners must be informed","quote":"While some information sharing may be “one-way” due to privacy regulations, criminal justice practitioners must be informed and have the appropriate context upon which to base their judgements, treatment decisions, and mitigation strategies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Judicial para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.82339,0.75585,0.05106,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77479,0.77742,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79374,0.80668,0.01532],[0.05882,0.81268,0.52388,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p060-16","page":60,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Judicial authorities and resources can be leveraged with law enforcement to prevent violence","quote":"The judicial system can serve as a helpful management tool through both its authorities and resources, which can be leveraged in partnership with law enforcement agencies seeking to prevent violent outcomes.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Judicial para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":60,"rects":[[0.5925,0.81268,0.2995,0.01532],[0.05882,0.83162,0.84565,0.01532],[0.05882,0.85057,0.71518,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-16","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-16","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-16, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-16","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 60). Claim p060-16, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-16\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p060-16</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p060-16","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p061-01","page":61,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Prosecutors can help identify recommendations for case processing, like mental health evaluation","quote":"help identify appropriate recommendations for processing a case (e.g., requesting a mental health evaluation).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Prosecutors can callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":61,"rects":[[0.11029,0.18947,0.26176,0.0181],[0.11029,0.21094,0.34558,0.0181],[0.11029,0.23241,0.33902,0.0181],[0.11029,0.25388,0.17981,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p061-02","page":61,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Prosecutors can recommend special pretrial and sentencing conditions such as drug treatment","quote":"recommend special conditions during pretrial release and at sentencing (e.g., drug abuse treatment).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Prosecutors can callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":61,"rects":[[0.11029,0.28669,0.32188,0.0181],[0.11029,0.30816,0.30422,0.0181],[0.11029,0.32963,0.29717,0.0181],[0.11029,0.3511,0.10462,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p061-03","page":61,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Community supervision officers can identify and report concerning behavior changes","quote":"identify and report concerning changes in an individual’s behavior while under supervision.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Community supervision officers can callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":61,"rects":[[0.55596,0.18947,0.32166,0.0181],[0.55596,0.21094,0.26775,0.0181],[0.55596,0.23241,0.34769,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p061-04","page":61,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Community supervision officers can ensure adherence to court-ordered supervision","quote":"ensure adherence to court-ordered supervision requirements.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Community supervision officers can callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":61,"rects":[[0.55596,0.26522,0.28585,0.0181],[0.55596,0.28669,0.35531,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p061-05","page":61,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Supervision officers can ask individuals and supports whether services like housing would help","quote":"ask the individual and their support systems if community services, such as alternative housing or counseling, would be beneficial.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Community supervision officers can callout","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":61,"rects":[[0.55596,0.31952,0.28411,0.0181],[0.55596,0.34099,0.31847,0.0181],[0.55596,0.36246,0.29213,0.0181],[0.55596,0.38393,0.34042,0.0181],[0.55596,0.4054,0.10134,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 61). Claim p061-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p061-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p061-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-01","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Some individuals of concern may be enrolled in an educational institution","quote":"Some individuals who come to the attention of the BTAU may be enrolled in an educational institution.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Education para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12642,0.81392,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14536,0.08956,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-02","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Knowing school enrollment status can help management via school-based resources","quote":"Understanding their school enrollment status can be a helpful management tool, as there are a variety of resources and interventions that can be leveraged through school systems and postsecondary educational institutions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Education para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.15818,0.14536,0.74154,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16431,0.85283,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18325,0.38431,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-03","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"K-12 schools can offer counseling; colleges can offer mental health and academic support","quote":"provide counseling services and other school-based social, emotional, and behavioral resources. | • provide counseling services and other campus-based supports for mental health and wellbeing. • provide academic support.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":62,"rects":[[0.11029,0.30804,0.32143,0.08251]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-04","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"K-12 schools can provide academic support to individuals of concern","quote":"provide academic support.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.11029,0.40526,0.27691,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-05","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"K-12 schools can promote prosocial behavior through positive relationships","quote":"promote prosocial behavior by establishing positive relationships with the individual of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.11029,0.43809,0.29135,0.0181],[0.11029,0.45956,0.24697,0.0181],[0.11029,0.48103,0.22603,0.0181],[0.11029,0.5025,0.22044,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-06","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Colleges can offer on-campus jobs and career development services","quote":"offer on-campus employment opportunities. • provide career development services and resources.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.55596,0.41662,0.31344,0.0181],[0.55596,0.43809,0.14712,0.0181],[0.54126,0.47092,0.31224,0.01864],[0.55596,0.49239,0.2382,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-07","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"K-12 schools can work with police or SROs on collaborative management strategies","quote":"engage with local law enforcement and/or the school resource officer (SRO) to develop collaborative management strategies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.11029,0.53531,0.22847,0.0181],[0.11029,0.55678,0.25182,0.0181],[0.11029,0.57825,0.31128,0.0181],[0.11029,0.59972,0.25447,0.0181],[0.11029,0.62119,0.24838,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-08","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"K-12 schools can monitor activity on school-provided IT resources","quote":"monitor activity on all information technology (IT) resources (e.g., computers and IT networks) provided by the school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.11029,0.654,0.23037,0.0181],[0.11029,0.67547,0.29201,0.0181],[0.11029,0.69694,0.32319,0.0181],[0.11029,0.71841,0.30575,0.0181],[0.11029,0.73988,0.06882,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-09","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Colleges can give financial aid guidance and collaborate with campus police","quote":"provide financial aid information and guidance. • engage with campus law enforcement to develop collaborative management strategies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.55596,0.52521,0.34069,0.0181],[0.55596,0.54668,0.1475,0.0181],[0.54126,0.5795,0.27625,0.01864],[0.55596,0.60097,0.25263,0.0181],[0.55596,0.62244,0.28115,0.0181],[0.55596,0.64391,0.103,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p062-10","page":62,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Colleges can monitor activity on campus-provided IT resources","quote":"monitor activity on all IT resources (e.g., computers and IT networks) provided by the campus.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Education resources table","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":62,"rects":[[0.55596,0.67672,0.36394,0.0181],[0.55596,0.69819,0.3541,0.0181],[0.55596,0.71966,0.25605,0.0181]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 62). Claim p062-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p062-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p062-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-01","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU may help an employed individual leverage employer resources","quote":"If an individual of concern is employed, the BTAU may help the individual identify and leverage resources offered by their employer.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Employment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12389,0.84257,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14284,0.31848,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-02","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Coordinating employer resources should be tactful and collaborative with the individual","quote":"Coordinating resources offered through an individual’s employer should be done tactfully and in collaboration with the individual so as not to unnecessarily create additional challenges in the workplace.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Employment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.38548,0.14284,0.48481,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16178,0.76708,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18073,0.52802,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-03","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Employer resources vary widely between small local firms and large corporations","quote":"Employer-offered resources vary widely between smaller, local companies and larger corporations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Employment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.59646,0.18073,0.29175,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19967,0.57645,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-04","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU may encourage use of employment resources such as assistance programs","quote":"Nevertheless, the BTAU may encourage the individual to access available employment resources (e.g., employment assistance programs).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Employment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.64507,0.19967,0.25179,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21861,0.86168,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23756,0.08565,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-05","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Knowing prior military service can be helpful since VA offers supports to veterans","quote":"As well, it can be helpful to know if an individual was previously employed as a member of the armed services because the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs offers a variety of recourses and supports to eligible veterans.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Employment para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.16171,0.23756,0.77956,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2565,0.88235,0.01532],[0.05882,0.27545,0.29218,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-06","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Eight ways employers can support management, including EAPs and safe termination","quote":"Employers can support management by: • providing employee assistance programs (EAPs) to support and counsel individuals experiencing work/life challenges; • providing short-term mental health counseling; • providing substance use treatment; • providing financial counseling; • providing alternative dispute resolution; • offering wellness and resiliency programs; • identifying workplace mentors to model and promote prosocial behavior and professional success; and • pursuing safe termination practices when termination is necessary (e.g., offering job placement services, severance packages, or extended healthcare coverage).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Employment bullet list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.05882,0.31143,0.36148,0.01532],[0.07353,0.34713,0.75894,0.01659],[0.08824,0.36632,0.30429,0.01532],[0.07353,0.39638,0.43338,0.01659],[0.07353,0.42668,0.32959,0.01659],[0.07353,0.45698,0.28472,0.01659],[0.07353,0.48729,0.36927,0.01659],[0.07353,0.51759,0.388,0.01659],[0.07353,0.54789,0.81436,0.01659],[0.08824,0.56708,0.11176,0.01532],[0.07353,0.59713,0.86056,0.01659],[0.08824,0.61632,0.56364,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-07","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conjecture","title":"Linking to mental health services may sometimes be among the most valuable strategies","quote":"In some cases, connecting an individual with mental health evaluation and treatment services may be one of the most valuable strategies for a BTAU to pursue.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental Health para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.05882,0.6725,0.87324,0.01532],[0.05882,0.69145,0.53365,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-08","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Mental health evaluation and treatment do not substitute for threat assessment and management","quote":"Still, it should be noted that a mental health evaluation is not a substitute for a behavioral threat assessment and that mental health treatment is not a substitute for behavioral threat management.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental Health para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.60209,0.69145,0.32889,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71039,0.83509,0.01532],[0.05882,0.72934,0.56337,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-09","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"New BTAUs should catalogue local mental health resources and build partnerships","quote":"Newly established BTAUs should catalogue the mental health services and resources available in their communities and initiate proactive outreach to establish working partnerships with them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental Health para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.05882,0.76532,0.85737,0.01532],[0.05882,0.78427,0.83653,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-10","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conjecture","title":"Individuals may access free, charitable and community-based treatment beyond private providers","quote":"In addition to private treatment providers, individuals of concern may also be able to access free, charitable, and other community-based treatment programs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental Health para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.90515,0.78427,0.0163,0.01532],[0.05882,0.80321,0.84153,0.01532],[0.05882,0.82216,0.53682,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p063-11","page":63,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should strategize with individual, family and clinicians on treatment compliance","quote":"When utilizing mental health services as an intervention, the BTAU should strategize directly with the individual, their family, and the local mental health professionals on how to best maintain treatment compliance.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental Health para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":63,"rects":[[0.60544,0.82216,0.33261,0.01532],[0.05882,0.8411,0.83919,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86005,0.71382,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 63). Claim p063-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p063-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p063-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-01","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs must be prepared to share information with treatment providers","quote":"BTAUs must also be prepared to share information with treatment providers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health","privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.05882,0.09729,0.67755,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-02","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"HIPAA may restrict providers sharing back, but BTAUs may share assessment information","quote":"While HIPAA may restrict the provider from sharing information in return, the BTAU may be able to share information obtained during a behavioral threat assessment with the provider.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["privacy-protections-and-information-sharing-laws"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.74617,0.09729,0.15765,0.01532],[0.05882,0.11623,0.88023,0.01532],[0.05882,0.13518,0.58231,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-03","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conjecture","title":"Shared BTAU information could inform a provider's evaluation and treatment plan","quote":"This information could be used by the provider to inform the evaluation and treatment plan for the individual of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.64931,0.13518,0.27549,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15412,0.78905,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-04","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Six ways mental health providers can support management, including therapy and medication","quote":"Mental health providers can support management by: • providing behavioral therapy; • assessing the individual’s risk of harming self or others from a clinical perspective; • developing a mental health treatment plan; • assisting in the development of the BTAU’s case management plan; • prescribing medication; and • offering referrals for additional resources.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental health provider list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.05882,0.19011,0.47731,0.01532],[0.07353,0.22583,0.27577,0.01659],[0.07353,0.25614,0.74334,0.01659],[0.07353,0.28644,0.39848,0.01659],[0.07353,0.31674,0.61251,0.01659],[0.07353,0.34705,0.26357,0.01659],[0.07353,0.37735,0.37907,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-05","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Families can be allies, well-positioned to spot crises or escalating behavior","quote":"Family members of an individual of concern can be allies during the management planning and implementation process, as they are well-positioned to identify when a loved one is experiencing a crisis or when the individual’s concerning behavior is escalating.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Family para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.05882,0.43378,0.84694,0.01532],[0.05882,0.45272,0.86186,0.01532],[0.05882,0.47167,0.58004,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-06","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should plan family roles in interventions, information sharing and support","quote":"For management planning, the BTAU should strategize about the role that the family may be able to play in initiating interventions, information sharing, and supporting the intervention plan.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Family para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.64866,0.47167,0.24016,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49061,0.79433,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50956,0.63674,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-07","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs may want to tell families their goal is supporting the loved one and preventing escalation","quote":"BTAUs may want to educate families that the unit’s primary goal is to help support their loved one and, ideally, preempt any escalation toward violent or criminal behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Family para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.70536,0.50956,0.17544,0.01532],[0.05882,0.5285,0.80249,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54745,0.52581,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-08","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Building and maintaining positive rapport with the family is critical","quote":"As was the case during the assessment phase, building and maintaining a positive rapport with the individual’s family is critical.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","interviews-and-rapport-building"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Family para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.59275,0.54745,0.34844,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56639,0.77301,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p064-09","page":64,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Seven ways family members can support management, including ERPO petitions and securing weapons","quote":"Family members can support management by: • petitioning for mental health commitments; • petitioning for ERPOs; • providing supervision and observing behavior in the home; • voluntarily securing weapons, thereby restricting weapons access; • assisting with transportation to treatment sessions; • providing insight into treatment compliance and progress; and • notifying the BTAU of behavioral changes or escalation of behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Family support list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":64,"rects":[[0.05882,0.60238,0.4156,0.01532],[0.07353,0.63808,0.40231,0.01659],[0.07353,0.66838,0.21362,0.01659],[0.07353,0.69869,0.53855,0.01659],[0.07353,0.72899,0.60296,0.01659],[0.07353,0.75929,0.46989,0.01659],[0.07353,0.7896,0.57117,0.01659],[0.07353,0.8199,0.621,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 64). Claim p064-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p064-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p064-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-01","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social service organizations can be instrumental during the management phase","quote":"Community organizations that provide social services can be instrumental in providing assistance during the management phase of the behavioral threat assessment process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12389,0.34423,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14284,0.4211,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16178,0.39379,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18073,0.36796,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-02","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services can offer interventions and supports for stressors and other challenges","quote":"These social services can provide interventions and supports to address the personal stressors and other challenges being experienced by the individual of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.43658,0.18073,0.05268,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19967,0.39833,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21861,0.4176,0.01532],[0.05882,0.23756,0.37993,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2565,0.18653,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-03","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services can ease financial stressors via job help, unemployment, SSI, SSDI if eligible","quote":"financial stressors through employment assistance programming, unemployment benefits, social security income (SSI), and social security disability income (SSDI) for qualifying individuals;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.08824,0.34585,0.35723,0.01825],[0.08824,0.36632,0.36201,0.01532],[0.08824,0.38527,0.37132,0.01532],[0.08824,0.40421,0.37663,0.01532],[0.08824,0.42316,0.18804,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-04","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services can address housing instability via subsidized, emergency housing and shelters","quote":"housing instability through subsidized housing opportunities, emergency housing placement, and shelters;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.08824,0.45191,0.83432,0.01825],[0.08824,0.47238,0.10806,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-05","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services can address food insecurity through SNAP, WIC and food banks","quote":"food insecurity through subsidized programs, such as the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Program, as well as food banks and other community food programs;","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.08824,0.50115,0.84331,0.01825],[0.08824,0.52162,0.80616,0.01532],[0.08824,0.54057,0.75123,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-06","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services can meet medical needs via benefit applications for eligible people and clinics","quote":"medical needs through assistance with applying for Medicare, Medicaid, or benefits through the Department of Veterans Affairs or HealthCare.gov for qualifying individuals, as well as access to community-based health services and clinics; and","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.08824,0.56933,0.8204,0.01825],[0.08824,0.58981,0.79706,0.01532],[0.08824,0.60875,0.52963,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-07","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services can address behavioral health needs including substance use and mental health","quote":"behavioral health needs through intervention programming that addresses substance use disorders and/or mental health.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.08824,0.63752,0.80118,0.01825],[0.08824,0.65799,0.27548,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-08","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Connecting individuals with wraparound providers addressing multiple needs can be helpful","quote":"When identifying opportunities to connect individuals with services and resources to address their needs, it can be helpful to connect an individual with an organization capable of addressing multiple needs simultaneously by offering wraparound services.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.05883,0.68829,0.83017,0.01532],[0.05883,0.70724,0.86197,0.01532],[0.05883,0.72618,0.56245,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-09","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Multifaceted providers improve efficiency by reducing referrals and follow-up appointments","quote":"Selecting a multifaceted provider improves efficiency by limiting the number of referrals needed and reducing the number of follow-up appointments with multiple providers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.63107,0.72618,0.29619,0.01532],[0.05883,0.74513,0.87674,0.01532],[0.05883,0.76407,0.36323,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p065-10","page":65,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Some local organizations combine behavioral health care, necessities, clinics and benefits help","quote":"Some communities feature local organizations that offer behavioral health treatment services (e.g., substance abuse and mental health care), a physical location for individuals to access basic life necessities (e.g., clean clothing, bathrooms, and clean water), medical and dental clinics, and advocacy and assistance with accessing social support services (e.g., assistance with applying for social security income and healthcare benefits).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Social Services para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":65,"rects":[[0.43185,0.76407,0.50172,0.01532],[0.05883,0.78302,0.84062,0.01532],[0.05883,0.80196,0.85706,0.01532],[0.05883,0.82091,0.83482,0.01532],[0.05883,0.83985,0.7912,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 65). Claim p065-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p065-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p065-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-01","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Ten law enforcement management options, including rapport, firearm removal and arrest","quote":"▪Develop rapport ▪Involuntary holds ▪Removal of firearms ▪Wellness checks ▪Physical security ▪Open source monitoring ▪Consensual encounters ▪Making an arrest ▪Cross–jurisdictional collaboration ▪Crisis intervention","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-strategies","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":66,"rects":[[0.23696,0.13732,0.1301,0.01242],[0.22395,0.15261,0.1512,0.01502],[0.22395,0.16887,0.17273,0.01502],[0.22395,0.18513,0.14238,0.01502],[0.22395,0.2014,0.14638,0.01502],[0.57229,0.13635,0.20628,0.01502],[0.57229,0.15261,0.19653,0.01502],[0.57229,0.16887,0.14491,0.01502],[0.57229,0.18513,0.27999,0.01502],[0.57229,0.2014,0.15827,0.01502]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-02","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Judicial system options include mental health assessments and special pretrial release conditions","quote":"▪Request mental health assessments ▪Recommend special pretrial release conditions ▪Identify concerning behaviors | ▪Ensure adherence to court orders","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["arrest-and-criminal-prosecution","community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":66,"rects":[[0.1223,0.28104,0.26014,0.02528]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-03","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Education system options include counseling, academic support and monitoring IT activity","quote":"▪Counseling services ▪Academic support ▪Monitor IT activity ▪Develop social support ▪Employment opportunities ▪Financial aid information","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":null,"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-04","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Employment system options include EAP services, mentorships and safe termination practices","quote":"▪Provide EAP services ▪Short-term mental health counseling ▪Substance abuse treatment ▪Alternative dispute resolution ▪Workplace mentorships ▪Safe termination practices","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":null,"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-05","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Mental health options include therapy, risk assessment, medication and commitment petitions","quote":"▪Behavioral therapy ▪Assess risk of harm to self and others ▪Develop mental health treatment plans ▪Prescribe medication | ▪Referrals to other services ▪Petition for mental health commitments","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":66,"rects":[[0.11674,0.64064,0.02756,0.00827]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-06","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Family options include ERPO petitions, securing weapons and notifying the BTAU of changes","quote":"▪Petition for ERPOs ▪Supervise behavior in the home ▪Voluntarily secure weapons ▪Provide transportation for services and resources ▪Provide insight on compliance and progress ▪Notify BTAU of changes","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","limiting-access-to-firearms"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":66,"rects":[[0.2384,0.75168,0.14889,0.01242],[0.22538,0.76697,0.26551,0.01502],[0.22538,0.78324,0.232,0.01502],[0.57288,0.72158,0.29122,0.01502],[0.58589,0.73444,0.11071,0.01242],[0.57288,0.74973,0.25414,0.01502],[0.58589,0.76259,0.10348,0.01242],[0.57288,0.77788,0.20303,0.01502]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p066-07","page":66,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Social services options include housing, food programs and behavioral health treatment","quote":"▪Employment and financial assistance ▪Housing placement and subsidies ▪Food programs ▪Facilitate medical resources | ▪Behavioral health intervention and treatment","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Management systems figure","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":66,"rects":[[0.11672,0.87429,0.02756,0.00801]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 66). Claim p066-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p066-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p066-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-01","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"After implementation, BTAU should track individual progress, interventions and life changes","quote":"Once a management plan has been implemented, the BTAU should monitor the progress of the individual, the effectiveness of the interventions provided, and any changes to the individual’s life circumstances.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Monitor and Evaluate Progress para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.05882,0.12642,0.81347,0.01532],[0.05882,0.14536,0.8682,0.01532],[0.05882,0.16431,0.1593,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-02","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should keep consensual contact and build rapport with family and service partners","quote":"To accomplish this, the BTAU should maintain consensual contact with the individual and continue to build rapport with their family and support members, as well as with community partners providing intervention services.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["interviews-and-rapport-building","monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Monitor and Evaluate Progress para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.22792,0.16431,0.66089,0.01532],[0.05882,0.18325,0.80123,0.01532],[0.05882,0.2022,0.50454,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-03","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should check in regularly with support systems and assess whether interventions work","quote":"The BTAU should establish regular communication and check-ins with the identified support systems in the management plan and assess whether the interventions and strategies included in the plan are producing the intended result.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure","systems-approach"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Monitor and Evaluate Progress para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.57316,0.2022,0.30556,0.01532],[0.05882,0.22114,0.80868,0.01532],[0.05882,0.24008,0.80666,0.01532],[0.05882,0.25903,0.13394,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-04","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Plans may need revising, e.g., switching group counseling to individual sessions","quote":"In some instances, management strategies may need to be revised and adjusted. For example, if an individual initially agrees to group counseling as part of their management plan, but they do not feel comfortable sharing in front of a large group, the management plan may need to be adjusted to feature individual counseling sessions to promote engagement and effectiveness.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Monitor and Evaluate Progress para 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.05882,0.29502,0.83775,0.01532],[0.05882,0.31396,0.83486,0.01532],[0.05882,0.3329,0.85006,0.01532],[0.05882,0.35185,0.82578,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-05","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management strategies may be adjusted or removed as progress is made over time","quote":"As time passes and progress is made, management strategies may be adjusted or removed.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Monitor and Evaluate Progress para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.8944,0.35185,0.02315,0.01532],[0.05882,0.37079,0.78184,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-06","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Periodic risk reassessments help keep the management plan dynamic","quote":"Periodic reassessments of risk are helpful in maintaining a dynamic management plan that addresses the factors contributing to concerning behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-of-risk","monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Monitor and Evaluate Progress para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.85046,0.37079,0.07319,0.01532],[0.05882,0.38974,0.8539,0.01532],[0.05882,0.40868,0.3892,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-07","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Management's ultimate goal is the individual no longer posing a violence risk","quote":"The ultimate goal of management is for the individual of concern to progress to a point where they no longer pose a risk of violence, at which time management can be discontinued.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure","risk-management-strategies"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Discontinue Management para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.05882,0.47048,0.88158,0.01532],[0.05882,0.48943,0.7281,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-08","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"Case can be considered for closure once factors addressed and risk judged gone","quote":"Once known factors of concern have been addressed and the individual is determined by the BTAU to no longer pose a risk, the case can be considered for closure.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Discontinue Management para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.79672,0.48943,0.11138,0.01532],[0.05882,0.50837,0.88075,0.01532],[0.05882,0.52732,0.44905,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-09","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"conclusion","title":"Closure decisions should rest on articulable violence assessment and be documented with facts","quote":"The determination for closing a case, like other decision points in the process, should be based on an objectively reasonable and articulable assessment of the potential for violence and should be documented with facts that support the decision.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","assessment-of-risk","monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Discontinue Management para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.51749,0.52732,0.36426,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54626,0.87207,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56521,0.81487,0.01532],[0.05882,0.58415,0.10829,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-10","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"BTAU may need to re-contact closed cases if behavior returns or life events destabilize","quote":"Once a case is closed, the BTAU may need to re-initiate contact with an individual if their concerning behavior returns or if the individual is destabilized by a significant life event.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Discontinue Management para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.05882,0.62014,0.79133,0.01532],[0.05882,0.63908,0.77665,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p067-11","page":67,"section":"step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies","type":"statement","title":"BTAU may decide case-by-case to check in after closure and reassess progress","quote":"Even upon case closure, the BTAU may decide on a case-by-case basis to check in with the individual and reassess progress after a prescribed period of time.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["monitoring-progress-and-case-closure"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Discontinue Management para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":67,"rects":[[0.84527,0.63908,0.09467,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65803,0.84063,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67697,0.45294,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 67). Claim p067-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p067-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-5-develop-risk-management-strategies#p067-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-01","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"statement","title":"Preventing targeted violence continues beyond setting up a BTAU","quote":"Preventing targeted violence does not end with the establishment of a BTAU.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.05882,0.56774,0.75552,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-02","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Agencies should build a community prevention culture inviting partners and public reporting","quote":"The agency should develop strategic efforts to promote a community culture that invites partner agencies into the behavioral threat assessment process, prioritizes relationship building and information sharing, and empowers community members to recognize and report concerning behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.82521,0.56774,0.11412,0.01655],[0.05882,0.58794,0.83409,0.01655],[0.05882,0.60814,0.86303,0.01655],[0.05882,0.62833,0.8457,0.01655],[0.05882,0.64853,0.21204,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-03","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Outreach to partners and community members helps build trust and participation","quote":"Conducting outreach to educate partner agencies and community members will help to establish trust and invite participation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.28202,0.64853,0.65097,0.01655],[0.05882,0.66873,0.58694,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-04","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should focus on ongoing program evaluation and improvement","quote":"The BTAU should also focus on continual programmatic evaluation and improvement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 intro","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.65692,0.66873,0.27368,0.01655],[0.05882,0.68893,0.5549,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-05","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"statement","title":"Best practice for any goal involves continuous self-evaluation and improvement","quote":"The best practice for achieving any goal involves continuous self-evaluation and improvement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Continuous improvement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.05882,0.76924,0.83533,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-06","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should find ways to use data for program evaluation and strategy development","quote":"BTAUs should identify ways of utilizing data to inform program evaluation and strategy development.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Continuous improvement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.05882,0.78819,0.77547,0.01532],[0.05882,0.80713,0.11712,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-07","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"A BTAU could test whether messaging campaigns increase bystander reporting","quote":"For example, the BTAU could assess if bystander reporting increases in response to a focused public messaging campaign.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Continuous improvement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.18574,0.80713,0.74059,0.01532],[0.05882,0.82608,0.34089,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-08","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"A BTAU could evaluate whether multiagency training improves partner responsiveness","quote":"Similarly, the BTAU could evaluate if multiagency training activities increase the responsiveness of partner agencies during the assessment and management of individuals of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Continuous improvement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.40951,0.82608,0.50854,0.01532],[0.05882,0.84502,0.87955,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86396,0.21908,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-09","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAUs should know their program strengths and weaknesses and adapt procedures","quote":"BTAUs will want to be aware of any programmatic strengths or weaknesses and should adapt their procedures appropriately.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Continuous improvement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.2877,0.86396,0.55997,0.01532],[0.05882,0.88291,0.54403,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p068-10","page":68,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Resources permitting, BTAUs could enlist external experts for program evaluation","quote":"If resources allow, BTAUs could consider enlisting external expertise to assist with the technical aspects of program evaluation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Continuous improvement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":68,"rects":[[0.61112,0.88291,0.27705,0.01532],[0.05882,0.90185,0.83928,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 68). Claim p068-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p068-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p068-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-01","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"definition","title":"Fidelity assessments check whether a BTAU program is implemented as intended","quote":"Another key component of program evaluation involves fidelity assessments, or evaluations to determine if the program is being implemented as intended.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.05882,0.52663,0.83838,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54558,0.53099,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-02","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Prevention credit is hard to measure, but internal practices meant to reduce attacks can be","quote":"While it would be very difficult to measure if a BTAU was responsible for preventing an act of targeted violence, it is possible to measure the BTAU’s internal practices and systems that are meant to reduce the likelihood of an attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.59961,0.54558,0.29743,0.01532],[0.05882,0.56452,0.83145,0.01532],[0.05882,0.58347,0.85564,0.01532],[0.05882,0.60241,0.05583,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-03","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conjecture","title":"BTAU might measure increased access to mental health services as an intervention consistency gauge","quote":"For example, the BTAU might evaluate whether their program has resulted in increased access to counseling and mental health services for individuals reported to the police department. Such a measure could be part of how the BTAU evaluates its consistency in coordinating interventions to address individual needs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.12445,0.60241,0.77469,0.01532],[0.05882,0.62135,0.87397,0.01532],[0.05882,0.6403,0.78747,0.01532],[0.05882,0.65924,0.36487,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-04","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conjecture","title":"Fidelity could be assessed by tracking case documentation accuracy, consistency and quality","quote":"Other methods for assessing fidelity could involve tracking case documentation accuracy, consistency, and/or quality in alignment with established protocols.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-forms-and-documentation","program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.43348,0.65924,0.44501,0.01532],[0.05882,0.67819,0.85834,0.01532],[0.05882,0.69713,0.08432,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-05","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conjecture","title":"Fidelity data could help managers improve case processing when assessments exceed timeframes","quote":"Fidelity data such as these could, for example, help a unit manager explore more efficient practices for case processing if the BTAU is routinely exceeding established timeframes for completing assessments.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.15293,0.69713,0.71823,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71608,0.85506,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73502,0.24859,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-06","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"statement","title":"After-action reviews let BTAUs revisit past cases to find what worked and what needs improving","quote":"After-action reviews allow for another type of program evaluation. Here BTAUs can meet to revisit past cases, identifying which portions of assessment and management worked well and what areas show a need for improvement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.05882,0.77101,0.87284,0.01532],[0.05882,0.78995,0.82988,0.01532],[0.05882,0.8089,0.31934,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-07","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conjecture","title":"BTAUs may share success stories with partners, within privacy limits, to build engagement","quote":"Through this process, BTAUs may identify success stories to share with relevant community partners, in accordance with any applicable privacy restrictions, to enhance awareness of the BTAU and promote engagement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging","program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.38796,0.8089,0.53369,0.01532],[0.05882,0.82784,0.87086,0.01532],[0.05882,0.84679,0.52532,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p069-08","page":69,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"As the field evolves, BTAUs need awareness of new research and capacity to adapt procedures","quote":"Moreover, the field of behavioral threat assessment continues to evolve, and the body of research defining best practices continues to grow. As such, BTAUs will require both an awareness of new research and the internal capacity to adapt procedures to align with the latest advancements in the field.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["program-evaluation-and-fidelity"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Body para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":69,"rects":[[0.59394,0.84679,0.34538,0.01532],[0.05882,0.86573,0.83885,0.01532],[0.05882,0.88467,0.86563,0.01532],[0.05882,0.90362,0.59717,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 69). Claim p069-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p069-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p069-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-01","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU relationships with partner community systems are critical to preventing targeted violence","quote":"The relationships between the BTAU and its partner community systems are critical to the prevention of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External relationships para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.05882,0.13728,0.79976,0.01532],[0.05882,0.15622,0.28046,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-02","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Outreach shares prevention resources and promotes the BTAU as a resource in safety concerns","quote":"In addition to sharing prevention resources across agencies and organizations, outreach will also promote the BTAU as a resource to those external systems when they are confronted with situations that elicit concern for safety.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External relationships para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.3489,0.15622,0.52832,0.01532],[0.05882,0.17517,0.85188,0.01532],[0.05882,0.19411,0.62186,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-03","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU benefits when community organizations know where to go for help","quote":"Therefore, it benefits the BTAU when agencies and organizations across the community know where they can go for help.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External relationships para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.68895,0.19411,0.21937,0.01532],[0.05882,0.21305,0.85373,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-04","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Nine community systems needing proactive BTAU outreach, including schools and mental health","quote":"Community systems that require proactive outreach from the BTAU include: • government agencies, • other law enforcement agencies, • businesses, • K-12 schools, • colleges and universities, • houses of worship, • mental health providers, • social service agencies, and • nonprofit service organizations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach list","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.05882,0.232,0.67556,0.01532],[0.07353,0.26014,0.21121,0.01659],[0.07353,0.28287,0.30536,0.01659],[0.07353,0.30559,0.11482,0.01659],[0.07353,0.32832,0.12771,0.01659],[0.07353,0.35105,0.23659,0.01659],[0.07353,0.37377,0.18082,0.01659],[0.07353,0.3965,0.23025,0.01659],[0.07353,0.41923,0.2608,0.01659],[0.07353,0.44196,0.29174,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-05","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Outreach can start with meetings where BTAU explains its purpose and reporting process","quote":"Agency outreach can begin simply by hosting meetings between the BTAU and partner organizations. During the meetings, the BTAU can explain who they are, the purpose of behavioral threat assessment, how agencies can contact the BTAU to report individuals of concern, and what happens after reports are received.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging","internal-and-external-agency-referrals"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External relationships para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.05883,0.47251,0.4085,0.01532],[0.05883,0.49145,0.36485,0.01532],[0.05883,0.51039,0.40694,0.01532],[0.05883,0.52934,0.36283,0.01532],[0.05883,0.54828,0.88147,0.01532],[0.05883,0.56723,0.39587,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-06","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU should stress its primary objective is prevention despite being law enforcement","quote":"The BTAU should emphasize that while they are a law enforcement entity, their primary objective in conducting behavioral threat assessments is prevention, and their approach is focused on facilitating proactive intervention with the individual of concern while achieving a positive outcome for the individual and the community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External relationships para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.46449,0.56723,0.44101,0.01532],[0.05883,0.58617,0.83749,0.01532],[0.05883,0.60512,0.86874,0.01532],[0.05883,0.62406,0.74853,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-07","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"BTAU may host trainings and tabletop exercises so collaboration precedes any crisis","quote":"As community relationships develop over time, the BTAU may choose to host training events, tabletop exercises, and other interactive engagements alongside partner organizations to promote a community culture of prevention. These types of proactive engagements help to ensure that multiagency collaboration does not occur for the first time in the midst of a crisis.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: External relationships para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.05883,0.66005,0.82961,0.01532],[0.05883,0.67899,0.87909,0.01532],[0.05883,0.69794,0.83891,0.01532],[0.05883,0.71688,0.72226,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-08","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"fact","title":"Pinellas County Sheriff's Threat Management Division holds weekly meetings with outside agencies","quote":"For example, the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office (PCSO) Threat Management Division conducts weekly meetings with outside agencies and organizations who have a role in their threat management process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: PCSO example","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.05883,0.75287,0.8491,0.01532],[0.05883,0.77181,0.78626,0.01532],[0.05883,0.79076,0.1918,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p070-09","page":70,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"fact","title":"PCSO weekly meeting attendees include State Attorney's Offices and mental health units","quote":"Weekly meetings are attended by representatives from groups including: • State Attorney’s Office (for adults), • State Attorney’s Office (for juveniles), • Mental Health Unit (law enforcement), • Crisis Response Specialist (mental health practitioner) , • Habitual Offender Monitoring Enforcement (HOME),","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management","example-btau-programs"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: PCSO example","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":70,"rects":[[0.26042,0.79076,0.64955,0.01532],[0.07353,0.81885,0.32781,0.01659],[0.07353,0.84158,0.35002,0.01659],[0.07353,0.86431,0.35403,0.01659],[0.07353,0.88703,0.50693,0.01659],[0.07353,0.90976,0.46606,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 70). Claim p070-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p070-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p070-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-01","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"statement","title":"Listed partner agencies include JTTF, probation, schools and mental health facilities","quote":"Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF), • State Probation Office, • School resource officers, • School districts, • Community mental health providers, and • Involuntary mental health intake facilities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-partners-in-management"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Partner list (continued)","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.08824,0.09729,0.30437,0.01532],[0.07353,0.11977,0.21788,0.01659],[0.07353,0.1425,0.23377,0.01659],[0.07353,0.16523,0.15646,0.01659],[0.07353,0.18795,0.37808,0.01659],[0.07353,0.21194,0.3793,0.01659]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-02","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"evidence","title":"Averted-plot study affirmed violence is preventable when communities spot signs and intervene","quote":"When the Secret Service published research on averted school attack plots, the study affirmed that targeted violence is preventable when communities identify warning signs and intervene.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-findings-on-attackers","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.05882,0.28542,0.84412,0.01532],[0.05882,0.30436,0.82918,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-03","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"fact","title":"Nearly every averted school plot was stopped by community members reporting concerns","quote":"In nearly every averted school plot examined, tragedy was prevented by members of the community coming forward when they observed behaviors that elicited concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","ntac-research-findings-on-attackers"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.89762,0.30436,0.0163,0.01532],[0.05882,0.32331,0.8732,0.01532],[0.05882,0.34225,0.60877,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-04","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Bystander reporting is paramount to BTAU success and should focus outreach efforts","quote":"Bystander reporting is paramount to the success of the BTAU and should be the focus of community outreach efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting","community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.68755,0.34224,0.19823,0.01532],[0.05882,0.36118,0.84115,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-05","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Public campaigns should clearly tell community members what to report and how","quote":"Public messaging campaigns should reach various community members with clear messaging about what concerns to report and how.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.05882,0.39717,0.83531,0.01532],[0.05882,0.41611,0.3548,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-06","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"Billboards and posters can promote reporting concerns to a centralized place","quote":"Billboards and posters in high-traffic and public areas can help to promote the simple message of reporting safety concerns to a centralized place.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.42216,0.41611,0.47623,0.01532],[0.05882,0.43506,0.81759,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-07","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"conclusion","title":"A dedicated website can explain the BTAU's prevention-not-prosecution objective","quote":"A dedicated website can provide more detailed information about the BTAU’s role and can reiterate to the public the unit’s primary objective of violence prevention through early intervention, not criminal prosecution.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.88603,0.43506,0.0142,0.01532],[0.05882,0.454,0.86775,0.01532],[0.05882,0.47295,0.84327,0.01532],[0.05882,0.49189,0.18171,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-08","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"evidence","title":"DHS 'If You See Something, Say Something' raises awareness of terrorism-related signs","quote":"One example of public messaging is the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s “If You See Something, Say Something®” campaign. This is a national campaign with the mission to raise public awareness around recognizing signs of suspicious activity that may indicate a potential nexus to terrorism, as well as how to report this activity to the appropriate law enforcement authorities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.05882,0.52788,0.8216,0.01532],[0.05882,0.54678,0.88243,0.01536],[0.05883,0.56573,0.85654,0.01532],[0.05883,0.58467,0.83585,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-09","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"fact","title":"DHS campaign uses materials, co-branding, PSAs and partnerships to amplify message","quote":"For this campaign, DHS creates and disseminates public outreach materials, co-brands materials with partners, releases public service announcements, and develops strategic partnerships with public and private organizations who help amplify the message in their communities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["community-outreach-and-public-messaging"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.90447,0.58467,0.03041,0.01532],[0.05883,0.60362,0.8652,0.01532],[0.05883,0.62256,0.86473,0.01532],[0.05883,0.64151,0.69116,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-10","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"evidence","title":"Trust is equally vital to bystander reporting; research shows it shapes willingness to report","quote":"Fostering a climate of trust is equally vital to bystander reporting. Research shows that trust influences a bystander’s willingness to report threats.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.05883,0.67747,0.82075,0.01532],[0.05883,0.69641,0.46841,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p071-11","page":71,"section":"step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention","type":"fact","title":"Seeing police as fair, transparent, respectful raises public trust and willingness to share","quote":"When the public perceives law enforcement as fair, transparent, and respectful, they are more trusting of the process and more willing to offer information that could help.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["bystander-reporting"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Outreach para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":71,"rects":[[0.54703,0.69641,0.39127,0.01532],[0.05882,0.71535,0.8679,0.01532],[0.05882,0.73429,0.24317,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 71). Claim p071-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p071-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/step-6-promote-continuous-improvement-and-a-culture-of-prevention#p071-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p072-01","page":72,"section":"conclusion","type":"statement","title":"Secret Service has long held prevention to be the best form of protection","quote":"The Secret Service has long held that prevention is the best form of protection.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":72,"rects":[[0.05882,0.52355,0.77499,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p072-02","page":72,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"25+ years of NTAC research: tragedies preventable if communities can identify, assess, intervene","quote":"For over 25 years, NTAC’s research examining incidents of targeted violence has demonstrated that future tragedies are preventable if communities are equipped with the training and resources necessary to identify individuals of concern, assess their risk of violence, and intervene appropriately.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["national-threat-assessment-center","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":72,"rects":[[0.84497,0.52355,0.08274,0.01655],[0.05882,0.54502,0.84485,0.01655],[0.05882,0.56649,0.8624,0.01655],[0.05882,0.58796,0.85679,0.01655],[0.05882,0.60943,0.2319,0.01655]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p072-03","page":72,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Following the guide lets agencies adopt the Secret Service model and a structured approach","quote":"By following the steps in this operational guide, state and local law enforcement agencies will be able to adopt the pioneering principles of the Secret Service’s behavioral threat assessment model and move toward a structured approach to targeted violence prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":72,"rects":[[0.05882,0.64867,0.85965,0.01532],[0.05882,0.66761,0.81626,0.01532],[0.05882,0.68656,0.70671,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p072-04","page":72,"section":"conclusion","type":"statement","title":"Guide steps depend on resources and are scalable rather than prescriptive","quote":"NTAC recognizes that many of the steps in this guide depend on the resources available. As such, the steps within this guide are not intended to be prescriptive but rather scalable to agencies of varying sizes and resources, all with the shared mission of preventing targeted violence in their communities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment-units"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":72,"rects":[[0.05882,0.72254,0.86721,0.01532],[0.05882,0.74149,0.85377,0.01532],[0.05882,0.76043,0.84367,0.01532],[0.05882,0.77937,0.11424,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p072-05","page":72,"section":"conclusion","type":"statement","title":"Everyone has a role in community safety; Secret Service ready to support public safety partners","quote":"Everyone has a role to play in keeping communities safe, and the Secret Service stands ready to support our public safety partners in this vital mission.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":72,"rects":[[0.18286,0.77937,0.71025,0.01532],[0.05882,0.79832,0.62302,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 72). Claim p072-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p072-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/conclusion#p072-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p073-01","page":73,"section":"key-terms","type":"definition","title":"Targeted violence defined as premeditated violence at a specific person, group or place","quote":"Targeted violence: A premeditated act of violence directed at a specific individual, group, or location, regardless of motivation and generally unrelated to other criminal activity.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["key-terms-and-definitions","targeted-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Key Terms","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":73,"rects":[[0.05882,0.19017,0.82587,0.01825],[0.05882,0.21064,0.73784,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p073-02","page":73,"section":"key-terms","type":"definition","title":"Behavioral threat assessment defined as behavior-based approach to prevent targeted violence","quote":"Behavioral threat assessment: A behavior-based approach to proactively prevent incidents of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["behavioral-threat-assessment","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Key Terms","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":73,"rects":[[0.05882,0.2451,0.83738,0.01825],[0.05882,0.26557,0.15607,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p073-03","page":73,"section":"key-terms","type":"statement","title":"Secret Service model was developed to identify, assess and manage individuals posing risk","quote":"The Secret Service behavioral threat assessment model was developed to identify individuals displaying threatening or concerning behavior, gather information to assess if an individual poses a risk of violence, and then manage the risk by implementing appropriate interventions (identify, assess, manage).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["secret-service-behavioral-threat-assessment-model"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Key Terms","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":73,"rects":[[0.2245,0.26557,0.65548,0.01532],[0.05882,0.28417,0.8491,0.01572],[0.05882,0.30311,0.84532,0.01572],[0.05882,0.32206,0.34982,0.01572]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence","year":2024},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p073-04","page":73,"section":"key-terms","type":"definition","title":"Concerning behavior defined as troubling actions or communications indicating violence risk","quote":"Concerning behavior: Actions or communications by an individual that are troubling or inappropriate and indicate a potential risk of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-behavior","key-terms-and-definitions"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Key Terms","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":73,"rects":[[0.05882,0.35686,0.77661,0.01825],[0.05882,0.37733,0.4756,0.01532]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/sections/key-terms#p073-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). Claim p073-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/btam-units-law-enforcement/claims/p073-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2024). Behavioral Threat Assessment Units: A Guide for State and Local Law Enforcement to Prevent Targeted Violence (p. 73). 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