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Claim p004-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p004-10","page":4,"section":"message-from-the-director","type":"statement","title":"This operational guide is the first phase of a new initiative on school violence prevention","quote":"In the wake of these tragedies, the U.S. Secret Service has launched an initiative to provide updated research and guidance to school personnel, law enforcement, and other public safety partners on the prevention of school-based violence. 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Claim p004-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p004-11","page":4,"section":"message-from-the-director","type":"statement","title":"Each act of targeted school violence has had a powerful impact on all","quote":"As we have seen in recent months, the pain of each act of targeted violence in our nation’s schools has had a powerful impact on all.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-school-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Director's message para 5","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":4,"rects":[[0.52573,0.47739,0.38052,0.01504],[0.52573,0.49506,0.36511,0.01504],[0.52573,0.51274,0.15135,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 4). Claim p004-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 4). Claim p004-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p004-12","page":4,"section":"message-from-the-director","type":"statement","title":"Guide offers officials 'how to' guidance on creating a Targeted Violence Prevention Plan","quote":"With the creation and distribution of this operational guide, the U.S. Secret Service sets a path forward for sustainable practices to keep our children safe, extending our expertise in the field of threat assessments to provide school officials, law enforcement personnel, and other public safety professionals with guidance on “how to” create a Targeted Violence Prevention Plan.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Director's message para 5","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":4,"rects":[[0.68989,0.51274,0.24302,0.01504],[0.52573,0.53042,0.39582,0.01504],[0.52573,0.54809,0.40407,0.01504],[0.52573,0.56577,0.39182,0.01504],[0.52573,0.58345,0.40408,0.01504],[0.52573,0.60112,0.38301,0.01504],[0.52573,0.6188,0.31761,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 4). Claim p004-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 4). Claim p004-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p004-13","page":4,"section":"message-from-the-director","type":"statement","title":"Guide is a contribution to partners on the four-agency Federal Commission on School Safety","quote":"This guide will serve as an important contribution to our partners on the Federal Commission on School Safety - the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Education, the Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of the Attorney General.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Director's message para 6","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":4,"rects":[[0.85616,0.6188,0.0717,0.01504],[0.52573,0.63648,0.38638,0.01504],[0.52573,0.65415,0.40659,0.01504],[0.52573,0.67183,0.38216,0.01504],[0.52573,0.68951,0.39636,0.01504],[0.52573,0.70718,0.15908,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p004-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p004-14","page":4,"section":"message-from-the-director","type":"statement","title":"Secret Service remains committed to preventing targeted violence in schools and communities","quote":"I am proud of the continued efforts of the U.S. Secret Service, and we remain committed to the prevention of targeted violence within our nation’s schools and communities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-school-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Director's message para 6","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":4,"rects":[[0.69762,0.70718,0.23706,0.01504],[0.52573,0.72486,0.40493,0.01504],[0.52573,0.74254,0.3964,0.01504],[0.52573,0.76021,0.11779,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 4). Claim p004-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 4). Claim p004-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p004-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/message-from-the-director#p004-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-01","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"School violence incidents leave a profound, lasting impact on schools, communities and nation","quote":"When incidents of school violence occur, they leave a profound and lasting impact on the school, the community, and our nation as a whole.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-school-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.05882,0.23749,0.36742,0.01504],[0.05882,0.25516,0.4021,0.01504],[0.05882,0.27284,0.17673,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-02","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"conclusion","title":"Ensuring safe environments for K-12 students and staff is essential","quote":"Ensuring safe environments for elementary and secondary school students, educators, administrators, and others is essential.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.24836,0.27284,0.19008,0.01504],[0.05882,0.29052,0.40092,0.01504],[0.05882,0.30819,0.25948,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-03","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"definition","title":"Guide aims to prevent targeted school violence: a student selecting a school or member for harm","quote":"This operational guide was developed to provide fundamental direction on how to prevent incidents of targeted school violence, that is, when a student specifically selects a school or a member of the school community for harm.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-school-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.33112,0.30819,0.10927,0.01504],[0.05882,0.32587,0.39637,0.01504],[0.05882,0.34355,0.41207,0.01504],[0.05882,0.36122,0.4106,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3789,0.21197,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-04","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Guide content is based on information developed by the Secret Service's NTAC","quote":"The content in this guide is based on information developed by the U.S. Secret Service, Protective Intelligence and Assessment Division, National Threat Assessment Center (NTAC).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.28361,0.3789,0.18441,0.01504],[0.05882,0.39658,0.41143,0.01504],[0.05882,0.41425,0.39324,0.01504],[0.05882,0.43193,0.23049,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-05","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"NTAC has done 20 years of research, training and consultation on threat assessment and prevention","quote":"Over the last 20 years, NTAC has conducted research, training, and consultation on threat assessment and the prevention of various forms of targeted violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.05882,0.46729,0.37452,0.01504],[0.05882,0.48496,0.38049,0.01504],[0.05882,0.50264,0.32694,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-06","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"evidence","title":"After Columbine, Secret Service and Education studied 37 K-12 targeted violence incidents","quote":"Following the tragedy at Columbine High School in April 1999, the Secret Service partnered with the Department of Education on a study that examined 37 incidents of targeted violence that occurred at elementary and secondary schools (i.e., K-12).","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.39858,0.50264,0.06486,0.01504],[0.05882,0.52032,0.38242,0.01504],[0.05882,0.53799,0.40461,0.01504],[0.05882,0.55567,0.4021,0.01504],[0.05882,0.57335,0.3887,0.01504],[0.05882,0.59102,0.03244,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p005-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-07","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Safe School Initiative aimed to analyze thinking and behavior of student attackers","quote":"The goal of that study, the Safe School Initiative (SSI), was to gather and analyze accurate and useful information about the thinking and behavior of students who commit these types of acts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.10919,0.59102,0.32387,0.01504],[0.05882,0.6087,0.36367,0.01504],[0.05882,0.62638,0.41089,0.01504],[0.05882,0.64405,0.18439,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-08","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"SSI findings and guide spurred establishment of school threat assessment programs","quote":"The findings of the SSI, and an accompanying guide, served as the impetus for establishing threat assessment programs in schools.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.25602,0.64405,0.21087,0.01504],[0.05882,0.66173,0.41547,0.01504],[0.05882,0.67941,0.26918,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-09","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"evidence","title":"2008 report explored SSI finding that before most attacks, peers knew but mostly didn't tell adults","quote":"In 2008, the agencies collaborated again and released a report that further explored one of the key SSI findings, namely, that prior to most attacks, though other students had information about the attackers’ plans, most did not report their concerns to an adult.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.34081,0.67941,0.08113,0.01504],[0.05882,0.69708,0.37875,0.01504],[0.05882,0.71476,0.387,0.01504],[0.05882,0.73244,0.41003,0.01504],[0.05882,0.75011,0.35084,0.01504],[0.05882,0.76779,0.14115,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-10","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"evidence","title":"Bystander Study highlighted safe school climates to increase student reporting","quote":"The findings of this report, known as the Bystander Study, highlighted the importance of creating safe school climates to increase the likelihood that students will speak up in order to prevent an attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.21278,0.76779,0.24841,0.01504],[0.05882,0.78547,0.40833,0.01504],[0.05882,0.80314,0.4078,0.01504],[0.05882,0.82082,0.28712,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-11","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"conclusion","title":"Studies underscore importance of school threat assessment processes for prevention","quote":"The information gleaned from these studies underscores the importance of establishing a threat assessment process in schools to enhance proactive targeted violence prevention efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.49632,0.23622,0.38728,0.01504],[0.49632,0.2539,0.35,0.01504],[0.49632,0.27158,0.40155,0.01504],[0.49632,0.28925,0.11924,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-12","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"definition","title":"Threat assessment aims to identify students of concern, assess risk, and identify interventions","quote":"The goal of a threat assessment is to identify students of concern, assess their risk for engaging in violence or other harmful activities, and identify intervention strategies to manage that risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.62837,0.28925,0.21914,0.01504],[0.49632,0.30693,0.36392,0.01504],[0.49632,0.32461,0.35538,0.01504],[0.49632,0.34229,0.3406,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-13","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Guide offers actionable steps to build prevention plans and threat assessment procedures","quote":"This guide provides actionable steps that schools can take to develop a comprehensive targeted violence prevention plan and create processes and procedures for conducting threat assessments on their campus.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.84973,0.34229,0.02817,0.01504],[0.49632,0.35996,0.38815,0.01504],[0.49632,0.37764,0.37846,0.01504],[0.49632,0.39532,0.40183,0.01504],[0.49632,0.41299,0.24814,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-14","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Steps are minimum guidelines that may need adapting to local resources and challenges","quote":"These steps serve as minimum guidelines and may need to be adapted for a particular school or district’s unique resources and challenges.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.75727,0.41299,0.12549,0.01504],[0.49632,0.43067,0.36276,0.01504],[0.49632,0.44835,0.38186,0.01504],[0.49632,0.46602,0.07512,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-15","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"statement","title":"Guidelines may help schools with existing plans update or formalize protocols","quote":"For institutions that already have prevention plans or threat assessment capabilities in place, these guidelines may provide additional information to update existing protocols, or to formalize the structures of reporting, gathering information, and managing risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.58426,0.46602,0.29824,0.01504],[0.49632,0.4837,0.37276,0.01504],[0.49632,0.50138,0.38239,0.01504],[0.49632,0.51905,0.41286,0.01504],[0.49632,0.53673,0.2828,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-16","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"conclusion","title":"There is no profile of a student attacker","quote":"When establishing threat assessment capabilities within K-12 schools, keep in mind that there is no profile of a student attacker.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["targeted-school-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Introduction para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":5,"rects":[[0.49632,0.57208,0.38213,0.01504],[0.49632,0.58976,0.36845,0.01524],[0.49632,0.60765,0.13114,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-16","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-16","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p005-16, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-16\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-16</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-16","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p005-17","page":5,"section":"introduction","type":"fact","title":"Attackers varied by sex, grades, and social standing from isolated to popular","quote":"There have been male and female attackers, high-achieving students with good grades as well as poor performers. 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(2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-19, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-19","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 5). Claim p005-19, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-19\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p005-19</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/introduction#p005-19","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p006-01","page":6,"section":"creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","type":"statement","title":"School safety spans physical security, emergency management, and threat assessment prevention","quote":"Ensuring the safety of our schools involves multiple components, including physical security, emergency management, and violence prevention efforts in the form of a threat assessment process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":6,"rects":[[0.52574,0.24759,0.34998,0.01504],[0.52574,0.26527,0.36137,0.01504],[0.52574,0.28294,0.38757,0.01504],[0.52574,0.30062,0.21458,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p006-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p006-03","page":6,"section":"creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","type":"statement","title":"Prevention plan components, from forming a team to training stakeholders","quote":"The plan includes forming a multidisciplinary threat assessment team, establishing central reporting mechanisms, identifying behaviors of concern, defining the threshold for law enforcement intervention, identifying risk management strategies, promoting safe school climates, and providing training to stakeholders.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":6,"rects":[[0.56842,0.33597,0.30695,0.01504],[0.52574,0.35365,0.37275,0.01504],[0.52574,0.37133,0.40575,0.01504],[0.52574,0.389,0.39467,0.01504],[0.52574,0.40668,0.38897,0.01504],[0.52574,0.42436,0.26005,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p006-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p006-04","page":6,"section":"creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","type":"statement","title":"The plan can also help mitigate threats from students, employees, or parents","quote":"It can also help schools mitigate threats from a variety of individuals, including students, employees, or parents.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":6,"rects":[[0.7986,0.42436,0.10501,0.01504],[0.52574,0.44203,0.3588,0.01504],[0.52574,0.45971,0.28824,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p006-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p006-05","page":6,"section":"creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","type":"statement","title":"Guide gives basic instructions aimed at reducing risk of students harming self or school community","quote":"This guide provides basic instructions for schools on creating a targeted violence prevention plan, the focus of which is to decrease the risk of students engaging in harm to themselves or the school community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":6,"rects":[[0.52574,0.49506,0.3608,0.01504],[0.52574,0.51274,0.37508,0.01504],[0.52574,0.53042,0.36253,0.01504],[0.52574,0.54809,0.32295,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 6). Claim p006-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 6). Claim p006-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p006-06","page":6,"section":"creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","type":"statement","title":"Recommendations are a starting point to be customized to each school and community","quote":"These recommendations serve as the starting point on a path to implementation that will need to be customized to the specific needs of your school, your student body, and your community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":6,"rects":[[0.86008,0.54809,0.04184,0.01504],[0.52574,0.56577,0.37476,0.01504],[0.52574,0.58345,0.38244,0.01504],[0.52574,0.60112,0.40238,0.01504],[0.52574,0.6188,0.07511,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p006-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p006-07","page":6,"section":"creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","type":"conclusion","title":"Schools should consult legal counsel so plans comply with state and federal law","quote":"When creating these plans, schools should consult with legal representatives to ensure that they comply with any applicable state and federal laws or regulations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":6,"rects":[[0.61224,0.6188,0.2951,0.01504],[0.52574,0.63648,0.41405,0.01504],[0.52574,0.65415,0.3864,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p006-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p006-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/creating-a-comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan#p006-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-01","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"statement","title":"First prevention-plan step is forming a multidisciplinary team to run threat assessment","quote":"The first step in developing a comprehensive targeted violence prevention plan is to establish a multidisciplinary threat assessment team (hereafter referred to as the “Team”) of individuals who will direct, manage, and document the threat assessment process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan","multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.05882,0.24759,0.57565,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26527,0.60778,0.01504],[0.05882,0.28294,0.57963,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. 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Claim p007-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-02","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"statement","title":"Team receives reports, gathers information, assesses risk, and develops interventions","quote":"The Team will receive reports about concerning students and situations, gather additional information, assess the risk posed to the school community, and develop intervention and management strategies to mitigate any risk of harm.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.05882,0.30062,0.61292,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3183,0.61349,0.01504],[0.05882,0.33597,0.35162,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-03","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"statement","title":"Schools may share one district or county Team or have a Team per school","quote":"Some schools may pool their resources and have a single Team that serves an entire district or county, while other districts may choose to have a separate Team for each school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.07246,0.38814,0.51676,0.01504],[0.07246,0.40582,0.47295,0.01504],[0.07246,0.4235,0.21173,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-04","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should include teachers, counselors, coaches, SROs, mental health staff, administrators","quote":"Teams should include personnel from a variety of disciplines within the school community, including teachers, guidance counselors, coaches, school resource officers, mental health professionals, and school administrators.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.07246,0.45885,0.49454,0.01524],[0.07246,0.47653,0.48349,0.01504],[0.07246,0.4942,0.4448,0.01504],[0.07246,0.51188,0.09729,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-05","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Multidisciplinary makeup brings varied viewpoints and broad access to information","quote":"The multidisciplinary nature of the Team ensures that varying points of view will be represented and that access to information and resources will be broad.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.18255,0.51188,0.36083,0.01504],[0.07246,0.52956,0.49594,0.01504],[0.07246,0.54723,0.19122,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-06","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Team needs a designated leader, usually a senior school administrator","quote":"The Team needs to have a specifically designated leader. This position is usually occupied by a senior administrator within the school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.07246,0.58259,0.5156,0.01524],[0.07246,0.60027,0.40973,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-07","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should set protocols assigning interviews and documentation for each assessment","quote":"Teams should establish protocols and procedures that are followed for each assessment, including who will interview the student of concern; who will talk to classmates, teachers, or parents; and who will be responsible for documenting the Team’s efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation","multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.07246,0.63562,0.49334,0.01524],[0.07246,0.6533,0.51076,0.01504],[0.07246,0.67097,0.51671,0.01504],[0.07246,0.68865,0.21399,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-08","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Established protocols smooth assessments by clarifying members' roles","quote":"Established protocols allow for a smoother assessment process as Team members will be aware of their own roles and responsibilities, as well as those of their colleagues.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.29926,0.68865,0.29079,0.01504],[0.07246,0.70633,0.51729,0.01504],[0.07246,0.724,0.35055,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-09","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should meet on concerns and also regularly for role-play and team-building","quote":"Team members should meet whenever a concerning student or situation has been brought to their attention, but they should also meet on a regular basis to engage in discussions, role-playing scenarios, and other team-building and learning activities.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.07246,0.75936,0.49539,0.01504],[0.07246,0.77703,0.51536,0.01524],[0.07246,0.79471,0.49312,0.01524],[0.07246,0.81239,0.21024,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-10","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"conclusion","title":"Regular meetings help the Team act as a cohesive unit in a crisis","quote":"This will provide members of the Team with opportunities to work together and learn their individual responsibilities so that when a crisis does arise, the Team will be able to operate more easily as a cohesive unit.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 1 considerations","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.2955,0.81239,0.29419,0.01504],[0.07246,0.83006,0.50557,0.01504],[0.07246,0.84774,0.50507,0.01504],[0.07246,0.86542,0.1238,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-11","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"statement","title":"Schools can choose a name other than Threat Assessment Team","quote":"While the information in this guide refers to this group as a Threat Assessment Team, schools can choose an alternative name.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Team name sidebar","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.71594,0.40562,0.18807,0.01504],[0.71594,0.4233,0.17272,0.01504],[0.71594,0.44097,0.16449,0.01504],[0.71594,0.45865,0.18272,0.01504],[0.71594,0.47633,0.13516,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-12","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"fact","title":"Some schools use \"Assessment and Care Team\" to encourage involvement and resource access","quote":"For example, some schools have opted to use the label “Assessment and Care Team” to encourage involvement from those who might be concerned about a student, and to focus on getting a student access to needed resources and supports.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Team name sidebar","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.86391,0.47633,0.02219,0.01504],[0.71594,0.494,0.16218,0.01504],[0.71594,0.51168,0.14942,0.01504],[0.71594,0.52936,0.15791,0.01504],[0.71594,0.54703,0.17559,0.01504],[0.71594,0.56471,0.19094,0.01504],[0.71594,0.58239,0.18296,0.01504],[0.71594,0.60006,0.17931,0.01504],[0.71594,0.61774,0.16989,0.01504],[0.71594,0.63542,0.17275,0.01504],[0.71594,0.65309,0.06087,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-13","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"fact","title":"Other schools use \"Behavioral Intervention Team\" to cover a spectrum of behaviors","quote":"Other schools have chosen to refer to this group as a “Behavioral Intervention Team” to focus on a spectrum of concerning behaviors that a student may be exhibiting.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Team name sidebar","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.78962,0.65309,0.09561,0.01504],[0.71594,0.67077,0.15768,0.01504],[0.71594,0.68845,0.18496,0.01504],[0.71594,0.70612,0.14429,0.01504],[0.71594,0.7238,0.15794,0.01504],[0.71594,0.74148,0.14966,0.01504],[0.71594,0.75915,0.1494,0.01504],[0.71594,0.77683,0.06657,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p007-14","page":7,"section":"step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","type":"fact","title":"Some keep \"Threat Assessment Team\" to signal heightened concern about a student","quote":"Finally, some schools have continued to refer to their groups as “Threat Assessment Teams” to highlight the heightened sense of concern about a student who is identified.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Team name sidebar","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":7,"rects":[[0.79532,0.77683,0.08821,0.01504],[0.71594,0.79451,0.16307,0.01504],[0.71594,0.81218,0.17274,0.01504],[0.71594,0.82986,0.1918,0.01504],[0.71594,0.84754,0.18355,0.01504],[0.71594,0.86521,0.17531,0.01504],[0.71594,0.88289,0.16645,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 7). Claim p007-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p007-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-1-establish-a-multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team#p007-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-01","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"conclusion","title":"Schools need policies defining prohibited behaviors that warrant immediate intervention","quote":"to establish policies defining prohibited behaviors that are unacceptable and therefore warrant immediate intervention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.18641,0.24759,0.26944,0.01504],[0.08824,0.26527,0.37395,0.01504],[0.08824,0.28294,0.15535,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-02","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"statement","title":"Prohibited behaviors include violence or threats, weapons, bullying and criminal acts","quote":"These include threatening or engaging in violence, bringing a weapon to school, bullying or harassing others, and other concerning or criminal behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.25639,0.28294,0.19608,0.01504],[0.08824,0.30062,0.40973,0.01504],[0.08824,0.3183,0.36477,0.01504],[0.08824,0.33597,0.06743,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-03","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"statement","title":"Concerning behaviors occur along a continuum","quote":"Keep in mind that concerning behaviors occur along a continuum.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.16847,0.33597,0.33074,0.01524],[0.08824,0.35386,0.1364,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-04","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"conclusion","title":"Policies should also identify non-violent behaviors that still warrant some intervention","quote":"School policies should also identify behaviors that may not necessarily be indicative of violence, but also warrant some type of intervention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.23683,0.35365,0.24071,0.01504],[0.08824,0.37133,0.41317,0.01504],[0.08824,0.389,0.28682,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-05","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"statement","title":"Such behaviors include declining performance, absenteeism, withdrawal and mental health symptoms","quote":"These include a marked decline in performance; increased absenteeism; withdrawal or isolation; sudden or dramatic changes in behavior or appearance; drug or alcohol use; and erratic, depressive, and other emotional or mental health symptoms.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.38787,0.389,0.09647,0.01504],[0.08824,0.40668,0.40146,0.01504],[0.08824,0.42436,0.37557,0.01504],[0.08824,0.44203,0.39439,0.01504],[0.08824,0.45971,0.4103,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-06","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"statement","title":"Schools can offer mentoring, counseling, mental health care, tutoring or family services","quote":"If these behaviors are observed or reported to the Team, schools can offer resources and supports in the form of mentoring and counseling, mental health care, tutoring, or social and family services.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.54043,0.24759,0.38643,0.01504],[0.54043,0.26527,0.37961,0.01504],[0.54043,0.28294,0.39754,0.01504],[0.54043,0.30062,0.17668,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-07","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"conclusion","title":"Intervention threshold should be low to catch distressed students before escalation","quote":"The threshold for intervention should be relatively low so that Teams can identify students in distress before their behavior escalates to the point that classmates, teachers, or parents are concerned about their safety or the safety of others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.54043,0.33597,0.38109,0.01524],[0.54043,0.35365,0.39811,0.01504],[0.54043,0.37133,0.39528,0.01504],[0.54043,0.389,0.38646,0.01504],[0.54043,0.40668,0.05976,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-08","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"conclusion","title":"Intervening over personal setbacks is much easier than over threats to others","quote":"It is much easier to intervene when the concern is related to a student’s struggle to overcome personal setbacks, such as a romantic breakup, than when there are concerns about threats posed to others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.61301,0.40668,0.3247,0.01504],[0.54043,0.42436,0.3722,0.01504],[0.54043,0.44203,0.38078,0.01504],[0.54043,0.45971,0.29683,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-09","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"conjecture","title":"Teams may find concerning statements or actions not covered by existing policies","quote":"During the assessment process, Teams may identify other concerning statements and actions made by the student that may not already be addressed in their policies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation","prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.54043,0.49506,0.35737,0.01504],[0.54043,0.51274,0.3619,0.01524],[0.54043,0.53042,0.37164,0.01504],[0.54043,0.54809,0.05291,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p008-10","page":8,"section":"step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","type":"conclusion","title":"Gathering information on these behaviors helps assess attack risk and mitigation strategies","quote":"Gathering information about these behaviors will help the Team assess whether the student is at risk for attacking the school or its students and identify strategies to mitigate that risk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 2 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":8,"rects":[[0.60616,0.54809,0.30588,0.01504],[0.54043,0.56577,0.39694,0.01504],[0.54043,0.58345,0.39525,0.01504],[0.54043,0.60112,0.12974,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 8). Claim p008-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p008-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-2-define-prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors#p008-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-01","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"statement","title":"Students may raise concern through threatening statements, risky behavior or bizarre assignments","quote":"Students may elicit concern from those around them in a variety of ways. They may make threatening or concerning statements in person, online, or in text messages; they may engage in observable risky behavior; or they may turn in assignments with statements or content that is unusual or bizarre.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.05882,0.24759,0.38729,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26527,0.40463,0.01504],[0.05882,0.28294,0.40634,0.01504],[0.05882,0.30062,0.38609,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3183,0.3927,0.01504],[0.05882,0.33597,0.04751,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-02","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"conclusion","title":"People around a concerning student need a method to report concerns to the Team","quote":"When this occurs, those around the student need a method of reporting their concerns to the Team.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.11914,0.33597,0.35063,0.01504],[0.05882,0.35365,0.32212,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-03","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"statement","title":"Schools can set up reporting channels such as online forms, email, phone lines or apps","quote":"Schools can establish one or more reporting mechanisms, such as an online form posted on the school website, a dedicated email address or phone number, smart phone application platforms, or another mechanism that is accessible for a particular school community.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.07352,0.389,0.32025,0.01524],[0.07352,0.40668,0.35551,0.01524],[0.07352,0.42436,0.3608,0.01504],[0.07352,0.44203,0.37386,0.01504],[0.07352,0.45971,0.35709,0.01504],[0.07352,0.47739,0.07511,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-04","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"conclusion","title":"Students, staff, SROs and parents should be trained on recognizing and reporting concerns","quote":"Students, teachers, staff, school resource officers, and parents should be provided training and guidance on recognizing behaviors of concern, their roles and responsibilities in reporting the behavior, and how to report the information.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.07352,0.51274,0.37396,0.01504],[0.07352,0.53042,0.37979,0.01524],[0.07352,0.54831,0.35882,0.01503],[0.07352,0.56598,0.38581,0.01503],[0.07352,0.58366,0.16043,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-05","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"conclusion","title":"A team member should proactively monitor all reports and respond immediately to safety risks","quote":"Teams need to be sure that a team member proactively monitors all incoming reports and can respond immediately when someone’s safety is concerned.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.07352,0.6188,0.37847,0.01504],[0.07352,0.63648,0.32434,0.01524],[0.07352,0.65415,0.34635,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-06","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"conclusion","title":"Reporting should allow anonymity since students report more when free of retribution fears","quote":"Regardless of what method schools choose to receive these reports, there should be an option for passing information anonymously, as students are more likely to report concerning or threatening information when they can do so without fear of retribution for coming forward.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.07352,0.68951,0.37166,0.01504],[0.07352,0.70718,0.36561,0.01524],[0.07352,0.72486,0.39367,0.01524],[0.07352,0.74254,0.37759,0.01504],[0.07352,0.76021,0.3759,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-07","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"fact","title":"Many K-12 reporting mechanisms resemble nationwide criminal reporting apps","quote":"Many reporting mechanisms employed by K-12 schools resemble nationwide criminal reporting apps. The online and phone reporting capabilities of these types of apps allow individuals across the country, including students, parents, and teachers, to report crimes and other concerning behaviors in their communities and schools.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.71764,0.26527,0.10412,0.01504],[0.71764,0.28294,0.1596,0.01504],[0.71764,0.30062,0.17897,0.01504],[0.71764,0.3183,0.13229,0.01504],[0.71764,0.33597,0.18468,0.01504],[0.71764,0.35365,0.14084,0.01504],[0.71764,0.37133,0.17926,0.01504],[0.71764,0.389,0.16898,0.01504],[0.71764,0.40668,0.13007,0.01504],[0.71764,0.42436,0.1306,0.01504],[0.71764,0.44203,0.17218,0.01504],[0.71764,0.45971,0.16132,0.01504],[0.71764,0.47739,0.14966,0.01504],[0.71764,0.49506,0.13742,0.01504],[0.71764,0.51274,0.08366,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-08","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"fact","title":"Some K-12-specific programs let users anonymously report threats and bullying to trained experts","quote":"Some reporting mechanisms are developed specifically for use by students in K-12 school settings. These programs allow students, parents, and teachers to anonymously report threats, bullying, and other situations that make them feel unsafe or fear for the safety of a peer to trained experts who respond appropriately.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.81411,0.51274,0.03926,0.01504],[0.71764,0.53042,0.17982,0.01504],[0.71764,0.54809,0.17668,0.01504],[0.71764,0.56577,0.1622,0.01504],[0.71764,0.58345,0.15367,0.01504],[0.71764,0.60112,0.17298,0.01504],[0.71764,0.6188,0.15083,0.01504],[0.71764,0.63648,0.15279,0.01504],[0.71764,0.65415,0.18326,0.01504],[0.71764,0.67183,0.17501,0.01504],[0.71764,0.68951,0.17161,0.01504],[0.71764,0.70718,0.17587,0.01504],[0.71764,0.72486,0.1451,0.01504],[0.71764,0.74254,0.09104,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p009-09","page":9,"section":"step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism","type":"conclusion","title":"School community should trust reports will be acted upon, kept confidential, handled properly","quote":"The school community should feel confident that team members will be responsive to their concerns, and that reports will be acted upon, kept confidential, and handled appropriately.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 3 para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":9,"rects":[[0.07352,0.79557,0.37052,0.01504],[0.07352,0.81324,0.37643,0.01504],[0.07352,0.83114,0.35585,0.01503],[0.07352,0.84881,0.15993,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 9). Claim p009-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p009-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-3-create-a-central-reporting-mechanism#p009-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-01","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"conclusion","title":"Most reported concerns can be handled by school staff with school or community resources","quote":"vast majority of incidents or concerns that are likely to be reported can be handled by school personnel using school or community resources.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.11812,0.24759,0.81864,0.01504],[0.08824,0.26527,0.14712,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-02","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"fact","title":"Top Safe2Tell report types in 2016-2017 were suicide, bullying, drugs, cutting and depression","quote":"For example, the most common types of reports submitted to Safe2Tell Colorado during the 2016- 2017 school year were related to suicide, bullying, drugs, cutting (self-harm), and depression.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.24816,0.26527,0.66923,0.01504],[0.08824,0.28294,0.63877,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-03","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"conjecture","title":"Some common report types may not require law enforcement involvement","quote":"Some of these common reports may not require the involvement of law enforcement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.74728,0.28294,0.1622,0.01504],[0.08824,0.30062,0.40636,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-04","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"fact","title":"Threats and planned attacks, Safe2Tell's 6th and 7th most common reports, warrant police","quote":"Those that do warrant law enforcement intervention include threats of violence and planned school attacks, which constituted Safe2Tell’s sixth and seventh most common types of reports, respectively.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism","law-enforcement-intervention-threshold"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.50741,0.30062,0.40523,0.01504],[0.08824,0.3183,0.80961,0.01504],[0.08824,0.33597,0.1397,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-05","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"conclusion","title":"Reports of weapons, threats, violence or safety concerns should go immediately to local police","quote":"Reports regarding student behaviors involving weapons, threats of violence, physical violence, or concerns about an individual’s safety should immediately be reported to local law enforcement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.10293,0.3689,0.39727,0.01524],[0.10293,0.38679,0.3667,0.01503],[0.10293,0.40426,0.35997,0.01524],[0.10293,0.42193,0.23021,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-06","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"conclusion","title":"Including a school resource or police officer on the Team is beneficial for this reason","quote":"This is one reason why including a school resource officer or local law enforcement officer on the Team is beneficial.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold","multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.34595,0.42193,0.12437,0.01504],[0.10293,0.43961,0.37374,0.01524],[0.10293,0.45729,0.31694,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-07","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"conclusion","title":"Without an SRO on the Team, schools should set a clear threshold for police involvement","quote":"If a school resource officer is not available to serve on the Team, schools should set a clear threshold for times and situations when law enforcement will be asked to support or take over an assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.54043,0.3689,0.36911,0.01504],[0.54043,0.38658,0.38132,0.01504],[0.54043,0.40426,0.37903,0.01524],[0.54043,0.42215,0.26291,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p010-08","page":10,"section":"step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention","type":"conjecture","title":"Police may be needed to contact parents, search students, or gather outside information","quote":"For example, it might be necessary to have law enforcement speak with a student’s parent or guardian, search a student’s person or possessions, or collect additional information about the student or situation outside the school community during the assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 4 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":10,"rects":[[0.81554,0.42193,0.10157,0.01504],[0.54043,0.43961,0.38585,0.01504],[0.54043,0.45729,0.39129,0.01504],[0.54043,0.47496,0.39636,0.01504],[0.54043,0.49264,0.38841,0.01504],[0.54043,0.51032,0.10756,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 10). Claim p010-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p010-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-4-determine-the-threshold-for-law-enforcement-intervention#p010-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-01","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams need clearly defined processes and procedures to guide assessments","quote":"Teams need to establish clearly defined processes and procedures to guide their assessments.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.05882,0.24759,0.65049,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-02","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Safety concerns should be addressed immediately before assessment procedures begin","quote":"Note that any safety concerns should be immediately addressed before the procedures described below take place.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.72212,0.24759,0.13661,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26527,0.65472,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-03","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Following procedures should give an accurate picture of the student to guide interventions","quote":"When followed, the procedures should allow the Team to form an accurate picture of the student’s thinking, behavior, and circumstances to inform the Team’s assessment and identify appropriate interventions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.72635,0.26527,0.13062,0.01504],[0.05882,0.28294,0.81531,0.01504],[0.05882,0.30062,0.46578,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-04","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Documentation should track reports, information gathered, interviews, behaviors and interventions","quote":"Maintain documentation to keep track of when reports come in; the information that is gathered; when, where, and how it was obtained; who was interviewed; the behaviors and circumstances of the student of concern; and the intervention strategies taken.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.07352,0.34223,0.38153,0.01524],[0.07352,0.35991,0.3762,0.01504],[0.07352,0.37759,0.34828,0.01504],[0.07352,0.39527,0.38333,0.01504],[0.07352,0.41294,0.24928,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-05","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Plans should include forms and templates to standardize documentation across cases","quote":"Documentation requirements, such as forms and templates, should be included in the plan to ensure standardization across cases.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.33562,0.41294,0.10415,0.01504],[0.07352,0.43062,0.37445,0.01504],[0.07352,0.4483,0.36369,0.01504],[0.07352,0.46597,0.04098,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-06","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Community systems approach identifies people and platforms with information on the student","quote":"Use a community systems approach. An effective approach for gathering information to assess a student of concern is to identify the sources that may have information on the student’s actions and circumstances. This involves identifying the persons with whom the student has a relationship or frequently interacts and the organizations or platforms that may be familiar with the student’s behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.07352,0.50133,0.3586,0.01524],[0.07352,0.519,0.32097,0.01504],[0.07352,0.53668,0.34313,0.01524],[0.07352,0.55457,0.36951,0.01503],[0.07352,0.57203,0.36785,0.01524],[0.07352,0.58971,0.36908,0.01504],[0.07352,0.60739,0.36136,0.01504],[0.07352,0.62506,0.26603,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-07","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Students exist in multiple systems beyond classmates and teachers","quote":"Students exist in more than one system and they come in contact with people beyond their classmates and teachers at school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.35236,0.62506,0.09646,0.01504],[0.07352,0.64274,0.37792,0.01504],[0.07352,0.66042,0.38159,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-08","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Using multiple sources ensures accurate risk assessment and appropriate interventions","quote":"Gathering information from multiple sources ensures that Teams are identifying concerning behaviors, accurately assessing the student’s risks and needs, and providing the appropriate interventions, supports, and resources.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.07352,0.67809,0.38869,0.01504],[0.07352,0.69577,0.37987,0.01504],[0.07352,0.71345,0.37757,0.01504],[0.07352,0.73112,0.37333,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-09","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should check social media, interview, review assignments and consider locker searches","quote":"Examine online social media pages, conduct interviews, review class assignments, and consider searching the student’s locker or desk.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.51142,0.34245,0.32547,0.01503],[0.51142,0.36013,0.37441,0.01503],[0.51142,0.3778,0.27916,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-10","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team members should review academic, disciplinary, law enforcement and other records","quote":"Team members should also review academic, disciplinary, law enforcement, and other formal records that may be related to the student.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.80278,0.37759,0.03671,0.01504],[0.51142,0.39527,0.36679,0.01524],[0.51142,0.41294,0.39485,0.01524],[0.51142,0.43062,0.14572,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-11","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Records review should check prior reports and whether past interventions succeeded","quote":"When reviewing school records, be sure to determine whether the student has been the subject of previous reports to school officials, especially if the student has a history of engaging in other concerning or threatening behaviors. Also determine if the student received any intervention or supports and whether those were beneficial or successful.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.66995,0.43062,0.2194,0.01504],[0.51142,0.4483,0.37649,0.01504],[0.51142,0.46597,0.3958,0.01504],[0.51142,0.48365,0.39326,0.01504],[0.51142,0.50133,0.37646,0.01504],[0.51142,0.519,0.34487,0.01504],[0.51142,0.53668,0.24131,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-12","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Teams may draw on prior incidents, underscoring need for accurate documentation","quote":"The Team may be able to draw on information from previous incidents and interventions to address the current situation for the student. This factor further emphasizes the importance of the Team’s documentation to ensure the accuracy and availability of information regarding prior contacts the student of concern may have had with the Team.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":11,"rects":[[0.76555,0.53668,0.09989,0.01504],[0.51142,0.55436,0.37359,0.01504],[0.51142,0.57203,0.38276,0.01504],[0.51142,0.58971,0.37958,0.01504],[0.51142,0.60739,0.38877,0.01504],[0.51142,0.62506,0.36505,0.01504],[0.51142,0.64274,0.32897,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p011-13","page":11,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Diagram shows student information sources such as family, police, online, teachers, work","quote":"Family | Law Enforcement Social | Judicial Neighbors Online | Student | Teachers Classmates Hobbies | Employment","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"figure: Community systems diagram","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":11,"rects":[[0.44085,0.7872,0.21846,0.02148]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 11). Claim p011-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p011-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p011-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-01","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should build rapport to help gather information","quote":"Build rapport that can facilitate information-gathering efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.10293,0.2478,0.39001,0.01503],[0.10293,0.26548,0.04778,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-02","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Showing a supportive, safety-focused goal may help Teams bond with students and parents","quote":"By demonstrating that their goal is to support individuals who may be struggling, while ensuring that the student and the school are safe, Teams may be better able to build a positive relationship with a student of concern and the student’s parents or guardians.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.16292,0.26527,0.30928,0.01504],[0.10293,0.28294,0.39775,0.01504],[0.10293,0.30062,0.40353,0.01504],[0.10293,0.3183,0.38244,0.01504],[0.10293,0.33597,0.26465,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-03","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"With rapport, parents may share concerns and students may disclose plans more readily","quote":"When Teams have established this rapport, parents or guardians may be more likely to share their own concerns, and the student may be more forthcoming about frustrations, needs, goals, or plans.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.38039,0.33597,0.12551,0.01504],[0.10293,0.35365,0.40829,0.01504],[0.10293,0.37133,0.40038,0.01504],[0.10293,0.389,0.40632,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-04","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"evidence","title":"Secret Service research themes include motives, concerning communications and violent interests","quote":"U.S. Secret Service research identified the following themes to explore when conducting a threat assessment investigation: • The student’s motives and goals • Concerning, unusual, or threatening communications • Inappropriate interest in weapons, school shooters, mass attacks, or other types of violence","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["investigative-themes","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Investigative themes box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.56941,0.24527,0.35512,0.01504],[0.56941,0.26294,0.30166,0.01504],[0.56941,0.28062,0.1767,0.01504],[0.56941,0.31597,0.23551,0.01504],[0.56941,0.34501,0.26142,0.01504],[0.58411,0.36269,0.11268,0.01504],[0.56941,0.39173,0.29841,0.01504],[0.58411,0.40941,0.33977,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-05","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assess concerning behaviors against the student's age and social-emotional development","quote":"Evaluate the student’s concerning behaviors and communications in the context of his/her age and social and emotional development.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.10293,0.42457,0.35681,0.01503],[0.10293,0.44225,0.40917,0.01503],[0.10293,0.45992,0.2029,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-06","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Seemingly unusual behaviors may be normal for adolescents or for a mental or developmental disorder","quote":"Some students’ behaviors might seem unusual or maladaptive, but may be normal for adolescent behavior or in the context of a mental or developmental disorder.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.31803,0.45971,0.17754,0.01504],[0.10293,0.47739,0.38266,0.01504],[0.10293,0.49506,0.37479,0.01504],[0.10293,0.51274,0.16274,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-07","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"For accurate assessment, collect information from diverse sources such as classmates and teachers","quote":"To ensure that these students are being accurately assessed, collect information from diverse sources, including the reporting party, the student of concern, classmates, teammates, teachers, and friends.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.27707,0.51274,0.22742,0.01504],[0.10293,0.53042,0.40887,0.01504],[0.10293,0.54809,0.424,0.01504],[0.10293,0.56577,0.3167,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-08","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Consider whether neighbors or community groups may be able to share observed behaviors","quote":"Consider whether those outside of their immediate circle, such as neighbors or community groups, may be in a position to share information regarding observed behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 5 continued para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.43244,0.56577,0.0623,0.01504],[0.10293,0.58345,0.38216,0.01504],[0.10293,0.60112,0.42539,0.01504],[0.10293,0.6188,0.28821,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p012-09","page":12,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"evidence","title":"Ten more Secret Service research investigative themes, from weapons access to protective factors","quote":"Access to weapons • Stressful events, such as setbacks, challenges, or losses • Impact of emotional and developmental issues • Evidence of desperation, hopelessness, or suicidal thoughts and gestures • Whether the student views violence as an option to solve problems • Whether others are concerned about the student’s statements or behaviors • Capacity to carry out an attack • Evidence of planning for an attack • Consistency between the student’s statements and actions • Protective factors such as positive or prosocial influences and events","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["investigative-themes","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Investigative themes box","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":12,"rects":[[0.58411,0.43845,0.13489,0.01504],[0.56941,0.46749,0.35751,0.01504],[0.58411,0.48516,0.04353,0.01504],[0.56941,0.5142,0.33481,0.01504],[0.56941,0.54324,0.3075,0.01504],[0.58411,0.56092,0.21142,0.01504],[0.56941,0.58996,0.34594,0.01504],[0.58411,0.60764,0.12177,0.01504],[0.56941,0.63668,0.29303,0.01504],[0.58411,0.65436,0.23019,0.01504],[0.56941,0.6834,0.22584,0.01504],[0.56941,0.71244,0.24947,0.01504],[0.56941,0.74148,0.33284,0.01504],[0.58411,0.75915,0.08025,0.01504],[0.56941,0.78819,0.33426,0.01504],[0.58411,0.80587,0.15026,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 12). Claim p012-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p012-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p012-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-01","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should organize information gathering by themes on the student's actions and situation","quote":"Teams should organize their information gathering around several themes or areas pertaining to the student’s actions, circumstances, and any other relevant threat assessment factors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["investigative-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Investigative themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.05882,0.2825,0.39608,0.01504],[0.05882,0.30039,0.37132,0.01503],[0.05882,0.31807,0.33994,0.01503],[0.05882,0.33574,0.19012,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-02","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Addressing every theme is needed for a complete assessment and may reveal new inquiry avenues","quote":"Addressing each theme is necessary for a complete assessment and may uncover other avenues of inquiry to help determine whether the student is at risk for engaging in violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["investigative-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Investigative themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.26114,0.33553,0.17983,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3532,0.38441,0.01504],[0.05882,0.37088,0.37446,0.01504],[0.05882,0.38856,0.28169,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-03","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Using themes to locate student struggles helps Teams find the most appropriate resources","quote":"Using the themes to identify where the student might be struggling will help the Team identify the most appropriate resources.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["investigative-themes","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Investigative themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.35333,0.38856,0.06572,0.01504],[0.05882,0.40623,0.3864,0.01504],[0.05882,0.42391,0.39524,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-04","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams need not finish all interviews or every theme before acting; intervene once area found","quote":"Keep in mind, there is no need to wait until the Team has completed all interviews or addressed every theme before taking action. As soon as an area for intervention is identified, suitable management strategies should be enacted.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["investigative-themes","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Investigative themes para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.05882,0.44159,0.35828,0.01504],[0.05882,0.45927,0.37982,0.01504],[0.05882,0.47694,0.38705,0.01504],[0.05882,0.49462,0.37984,0.01504],[0.05882,0.5123,0.05635,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-05","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Students may have varied motives placing them at risk of harming themselves or others","quote":"Students may have a variety of motives that place them at risk for engaging in harmful behavior, whether to themselves or others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.48897,0.28274,0.39611,0.01504],[0.48897,0.30041,0.41285,0.01504],[0.48897,0.31809,0.06061,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-06","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Discovering the motive behind concerning behavior reveals more about the student's goals","quote":"If you can discover the student’s motivation for engaging in the concerning behavior that brought him/her to the attention of the Team, then you can understand more about the student’s goals.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.56238,0.31809,0.31814,0.01504],[0.48897,0.33577,0.39695,0.01504],[0.48897,0.35344,0.40444,0.01504],[0.48897,0.37112,0.17216,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-07","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should assess how far the student may go for goals and who may be targeted","quote":"The Team should also assess how far the student may be willing to go to achieve these goals, and what or who may be a potential target.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.67394,0.37112,0.23391,0.01504],[0.48897,0.3888,0.40379,0.01504],[0.48897,0.40647,0.28939,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-08","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Understanding motive helps Teams build strategies steering students away from violence","quote":"Understanding motive further allows the Team to develop management strategies that can direct the student away from violent choices.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Motives para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.79543,0.40647,0.10242,0.01504],[0.48897,0.42415,0.37929,0.01504],[0.48897,0.44183,0.37507,0.01504],[0.48897,0.4595,0.05379,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-09","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"In February 2016 a 15-year-old shot her girlfriend at school, then herself","quote":"On February 12, 2016, a 15-year-old female student fatally shot her girlfriend while they were sitting under a covered patio at their high school and then fatally shot herself.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.48897,0.49486,0.3998,0.01504],[0.48897,0.51254,0.39295,0.01504],[0.48897,0.53021,0.36198,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-10","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Notes showed the 2016 attacker acted because her girlfriend considered ending the relationship","quote":"In several notes found after the incident, the student explained that she carried out her attack because her girlfriend had recently confessed that she was contemplating ending their relationship.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.86375,0.53021,0.01281,0.01504],[0.48897,0.54789,0.4115,0.01504],[0.48897,0.56557,0.39184,0.01504],[0.48897,0.58324,0.40949,0.01504],[0.48897,0.60092,0.0791,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p013-11","page":13,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"The 2016 attacker wrote she hated herself and was destabilized by girlfriend wanting to split","quote":"She also wrote in her notes that she hated who she was and that learning her girlfriend wanted to end their relationship “destabilized” her.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":13,"rects":[[0.58088,0.60092,0.31988,0.01504],[0.48897,0.6186,0.40489,0.01504],[0.48897,0.63627,0.20542,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 13). Claim p013-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p013-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p013-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-01","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should look for concerning, unusual, bizarre, threatening or violent student communications","quote":"Look for concerning, unusual, bizarre, threatening, or | On October 24, 2014, a 15-year-old male student opened violent communications the student made.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":14,"rects":[[0.08824,0.28274,0.85089,0.01527]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-02","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Student communications may reveal grievances or a possible intended target","quote":"The student’s communications may reveal grievances held about certain issues or a possible intended target.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","motives-and-grievances"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.40172,0.30042,0.09107,0.01504],[0.10293,0.31809,0.34971,0.01504],[0.10293,0.33577,0.29733,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-03","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Communications may allude to violent intent or warn others to avoid school","quote":"They may allude to violent intentions or warn others to stay away from school at a certain time.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.41307,0.33577,0.0333,0.01504],[0.10293,0.35345,0.36308,0.01504],[0.10293,0.37112,0.23475,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-04","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Communications may reveal hopelessness, suicide, violence fascination or weapon interest","quote":"They may reveal information relevant to the other investigative themes by making reference to feelings of hopelessness or suicide, a fascination with violence, interest in weapons, or other inappropriate interests.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","investigative-themes"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.3505,0.37112,0.1124,0.01504],[0.10293,0.3888,0.38243,0.01504],[0.10293,0.40648,0.387,0.01504],[0.10293,0.42415,0.38304,0.01504],[0.10293,0.44183,0.15394,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-05","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Concerning statements might be made in person, in writing, or via social media and texts","quote":"These statements might be made in person to classmates, teammates, or friends; in writing on assignments or tests; and/or via social media, text messages, or photo or video-sharing sites.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.26968,0.44183,0.22962,0.01504],[0.10293,0.45951,0.39093,0.01504],[0.10293,0.47718,0.3645,0.01504],[0.10293,0.49486,0.2885,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-06","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Attacker fired on five closest friends at lunch, killing four, then shot himself","quote":"fire on five of his closest friends as they were having lunch in the school cafeteria, killing four of them, and then fatally shot himself.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example sidebar","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.54044,0.30064,0.39897,0.01504],[0.54044,0.31832,0.39869,0.01504],[0.54044,0.336,0.08194,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-07","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014 cafeteria attacker texted ex-girlfriend and posted Snapchat videos about suicide","quote":"In the months prior to his attack, the student sent a number of text messages to his ex-girlfriend indicating he was considering suicide and posted videos on Snapchat that mentioned suicide.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example sidebar","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.63519,0.336,0.30137,0.01504],[0.54044,0.35367,0.3474,0.01504],[0.54044,0.37135,0.34229,0.01504],[0.54044,0.38903,0.29708,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-08","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Two people confronted the student, who claimed he was joking or having a bad moment","quote":"Two people confronted the student about his concerning statements, but he told them he was just joking or having a bad moment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example sidebar","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.85033,0.38903,0.07895,0.01504],[0.54044,0.4067,0.38846,0.01504],[0.54044,0.42438,0.35084,0.01504],[0.54044,0.44206,0.05548,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-09","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Student tweeted about struggling to overcome a setback before the attack","quote":"The student also posted a number of Twitter messages indicating he was having trouble overcoming a setback, posting in one Tweet, “It breaks me… It actually does… I know it seems like I’m sweating it off… But I’m not..","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example sidebar","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.60873,0.44206,0.30091,0.01504],[0.54044,0.45973,0.39551,0.01504],[0.54044,0.47741,0.38941,0.01504],[0.54044,0.49509,0.37785,0.01504],[0.54044,0.51277,0.02135,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-10","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"evidence","title":"NTAC: not all attackers threatened targets, but in 81% another person knew their plans","quote":"Earlier NTAC research that examined attacks on schools found that not every student directly threatened their target prior to attack, but in a majority of incidents (81%), another person was aware of what the student was thinking or planning.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.10293,0.53021,0.38559,0.01504],[0.10293,0.54789,0.35914,0.01504],[0.10293,0.56557,0.3406,0.01504],[0.10293,0.58324,0.36596,0.01504],[0.10293,0.60092,0.1673,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-11","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"A student without threatening statements may still be at risk of violence","quote":"It is important for Teams to remember that a student who has not made threatening statements may still be at risk for engaging in violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.28834,0.60092,0.18124,0.01504],[0.10294,0.6186,0.39066,0.01524],[0.10294,0.63628,0.38811,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p014-12","page":14,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"A direct threat should not be the lone indicator of concern","quote":"Whether or not the student made a direct threat should not be the lone indicator of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Communications para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":14,"rects":[[0.10294,0.65395,0.4007,0.01504],[0.10294,0.67163,0.21884,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 14). Claim p014-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p014-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p014-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-01","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Gather information on student's heightened interest in school attacks, attackers or violence","quote":"Gather information about whether the student has shown | In addition to determining whether the student has any an inappropriate or heightened interest in concerning topics such as school attacks or attackers, mass attacks, or other types of violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Inappropriate interests para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":15,"rects":[[0.05882,0.28274,0.81962,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-02","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Inappropriate interests might appear in communications, books, movies or activities","quote":"These interests might appear in the student’s communications, the books the student reads, the movies the student watches, or the activities the student enjoys.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Inappropriate interests para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.3335,0.33577,0.10388,0.01504],[0.07352,0.35345,0.39239,0.01504],[0.07352,0.37112,0.36768,0.01504],[0.07352,0.3888,0.21514,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-03","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Context matters: weapons interest of a hunter or rifle team member may not be concerning","quote":"The context of the student’s interests is an important factor to consider. For example, a student’s interest in weapons may not be concerning if the student is a hunter or is on the school’s rifle team, with no evidence of an inappropriate or unhealthy fixation on weapons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Inappropriate interests para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.30147,0.3888,0.12297,0.01504],[0.07352,0.40648,0.35683,0.01504],[0.07352,0.42415,0.36395,0.01504],[0.07352,0.44183,0.34946,0.01504],[0.07352,0.45951,0.38187,0.01504],[0.07352,0.47718,0.22538,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-04","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Weapons interest could concern if student fixates on shooters or best firearm for mass attack","quote":"In other situations, the context surrounding a student’s interest in weapons could be of concern. For example, if a student is fixated on past school shooters or discusses what firearm would be best to use in a mass attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Inappropriate interests para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.31172,0.47718,0.1255,0.01504],[0.07352,0.49486,0.3782,0.01504],[0.07352,0.51254,0.38699,0.01504],[0.07352,0.53021,0.38924,0.01504],[0.07352,0.54789,0.21428,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-05","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should assess whether a student with weapons fascination has access to weapons","quote":"inappropriate interests or fascination with weapons, the Team should assess whether the student has access to weapons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Weapons access para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.49999,0.30042,0.37846,0.01504],[0.49999,0.31809,0.38247,0.01524],[0.49999,0.33598,0.06572,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-06","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Many attackers used firearms from home, so check family and friends' weapons","quote":"Because many school attackers used firearms acquired from their homes, consider whether the family keeps weapons at home or if there is a relative or friend who has weapons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Weapons access para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.57792,0.33577,0.31756,0.01504],[0.49999,0.35345,0.37759,0.01504],[0.49999,0.37112,0.38017,0.01504],[0.49999,0.3888,0.12378,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-07","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Some parents wrongly assume children don't know where home weapons are stored","quote":"Sometimes parents who keep weapons at home incorrectly assume that their children are unaware of where they are stored or how to access them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Weapons access para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.63659,0.3888,0.26945,0.01504],[0.49999,0.40648,0.40183,0.01504],[0.49999,0.42415,0.32529,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-08","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should check safe storage of home weapons and student's ability to use them","quote":"If there are weapons at home, the Team should determine if they are stored appropriately and if the student knows how to use them or has done so in the past.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Weapons access para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.83809,0.42415,0.04754,0.01504],[0.49999,0.44183,0.38843,0.01504],[0.49999,0.45951,0.38587,0.01504],[0.49999,0.47718,0.24587,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-09","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Past attacks also used explosives, incendiaries and bladed weapons, not only firearms","quote":"The Team should also remember that firearms are not the only weapons to be concerned about. Even though many school attackers have used firearms in carrying out their attacks, explosives, incendiary devices, bladed weapons, or combinations of these weapons have been used in past attacks.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Weapons access para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.75868,0.47718,0.11696,0.01504],[0.49999,0.49486,0.38614,0.01504],[0.49999,0.51254,0.39811,0.01504],[0.49999,0.53021,0.40744,0.01504],[0.49999,0.54789,0.38952,0.01504],[0.49999,0.56557,0.32356,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-10","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2013: 12-year-old shot two classmates, killed a teacher, then himself","quote":"On October 21, 2013, a 12-year-old male student took a handgun to his middle school and opened fire, injuring two classmates and killing a teacher. He then fatally shot himself.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2013","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.07352,0.58324,0.33722,0.01504],[0.07352,0.60092,0.3372,0.01504],[0.07352,0.6186,0.3645,0.01504],[0.07352,0.63628,0.16049,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-11","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"The 12-year-old searched violent content and saved Columbine shooter images","quote":"In the months leading up to his attack, the student conducted numerous internet searches for violent material and content, including “Top 10 evil children,” “Super Columbine Massacre Role Playing Game,” ”shoot,” “guns,” “bullets,” “revenge,” “murder,” “school shootings,” and “violent game.” He also searched for music videos of and songs about school shootings. On his cell phone, the student had saved photos of violent war scenes and images of the Columbine High School shooters.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2013","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.24682,0.63628,0.18782,0.01504],[0.07352,0.65395,0.35772,0.01504],[0.07352,0.67163,0.35058,0.01504],[0.07352,0.68931,0.38527,0.01504],[0.07352,0.70698,0.36166,0.01504],[0.07352,0.72466,0.36793,0.01504],[0.07352,0.74234,0.35143,0.01504],[0.07352,0.76001,0.3654,0.01504],[0.07352,0.77769,0.36964,0.01504],[0.07352,0.79537,0.22534,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-12","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"47 of the student's 69 video games were first-person shooter or similar","quote":"He also enjoyed playing video games, doing so for several hours each night. Of his 69 video games, 47 were first-person shooter or similar games.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2013","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.31167,0.79537,0.11097,0.01504],[0.07352,0.81304,0.36875,0.01504],[0.07352,0.83072,0.34628,0.01504],[0.07352,0.8484,0.16898,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-13","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014: concerned citizen's call led to finding a 17-year-old's bomb materials in storage","quote":"On April 29, 2014, a 17-year-old male student was arrested after a concerned citizen called police when she observed the student acting suspiciously around a storage unit and thought he might be attempting to break into one. Responding officers discovered bomb-making material and other weapons inside the unit the student had asked a friend’s mother to rent for him.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.49998,0.60092,0.4052,0.01504],[0.49998,0.6186,0.40235,0.01504],[0.49998,0.63628,0.36339,0.01504],[0.49998,0.65395,0.37023,0.01504],[0.49998,0.67163,0.37782,0.01504],[0.49998,0.68931,0.40296,0.01504],[0.49998,0.70698,0.20003,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-14","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Student confessed plot to kill family, bomb his school and die by suicide","quote":"The student later confessed to an extensive plot that involved murdering his parents and sister, setting a diversionary fire, planting explosive devices at his high school, targeting students and the school resource officer for harm, and engaging in gunfire with responding police officers before committing suicide.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.71282,0.70698,0.19124,0.01504],[0.49998,0.72466,0.37931,0.01504],[0.49998,0.74234,0.38012,0.01504],[0.49998,0.76001,0.36794,0.01504],[0.49998,0.77769,0.39127,0.01504],[0.49998,0.79537,0.39293,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p015-15","page":15,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Student grew fascinated with explosives and posted detonation videos on YouTube","quote":"The student admitted that at some point he became fascinated with chemicals, explosives, and weapons and began researching how to build his own explosive devices. He created his own channel on YouTube to post videos that showed him detonating his devices and included a written commentary about each video.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":15,"rects":[[0.49998,0.81304,0.35514,0.01504],[0.49998,0.83072,0.39096,0.01504],[0.49998,0.8484,0.40576,0.01504],[0.49998,0.86607,0.4067,0.01504],[0.49998,0.88375,0.39948,0.01504],[0.49998,0.90143,0.20942,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 15). Claim p015-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p015-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p015-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-01","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"All students face stressors such as setbacks and losses; stressors occur across life areas","quote":"All students face stressors such as setbacks, losses, | Stressors can occur in all areas of a student’s and other challenges as part of their lives.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":16,"rects":[[0.08824,0.28294,0.7908,0.01527]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-02","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"For some students, stressors may become overwhelming and influence an attack decision","quote":"While many students are resilient and can overcome these situations, for some, these stressors may become overwhelming and ultimately influence their decision to carry out an attack at school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.40794,0.30062,0.07938,0.01504],[0.10293,0.3183,0.39017,0.01504],[0.10293,0.33597,0.39663,0.01504],[0.10293,0.35365,0.37761,0.01504],[0.10293,0.37133,0.06233,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-03","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Gather information on student stressors, coping, and supportive friends or family","quote":"Gather information on stressors the student is experiencing, how the student is coping with them, and whether there are supportive friends or family who can help the student overcome them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.17807,0.37133,0.31158,0.01504],[0.10293,0.389,0.37987,0.01504],[0.10293,0.40668,0.37275,0.01504],[0.10293,0.42436,0.22169,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-04","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assess lingering past stressors and possible upcoming setbacks across school and home life","quote":"Assess whether the student experienced stressors in the past that are still having an effect, such as a move to a new school, and whether there might be additional setbacks or losses in the near future, like a relationship that might be ending. life, including at school with coursework, friendships, romantic relationships, or teammates; or outside of school with parents, siblings, or at jobs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"clauses(all)","page":16,"rects":[[0.33743,0.42436,0.13403,0.01504],[0.10293,0.44203,0.36651,0.01504],[0.10293,0.45971,0.10987,0.01504],[0.22134,0.45971,0.22027,0.01504],[0.45015,0.45971,0.02646,0.01504],[0.10293,0.47739,0.37872,0.01504],[0.10293,0.49506,0.09962,0.01504],[0.2111,0.49506,0.26604,0.01504],[0.57056,0.30064,0.24498,0.01504],[0.80193,0.31832,0.13489,0.01504],[0.54043,0.336,0.08337,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-05","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Many students can experience bullying in person at school or online at home","quote":"Many students can experience bullying, a stressor which can take place in person at school or online at home.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.77061,0.336,0.13062,0.01504],[0.54043,0.35367,0.36081,0.01504],[0.54043,0.37135,0.25355,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-06","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should intervene to prevent bullying and cyberbullying of a referred student","quote":"Teams should intervene and prevent bullying and cyberbullying of a student who has been brought to their attention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["multidisciplinary-threat-assessment-team","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.8068,0.37135,0.09475,0.01504],[0.54043,0.38903,0.36591,0.01504],[0.54043,0.4067,0.32415,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-07","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Administrators should address bullying school-wide and ensure a safe climate","quote":"More broadly, administrators should work to address any concerns regarding bullying school-wide and ensure their school has a safe climate for all students.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Stressors para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.87739,0.4067,0.03472,0.01504],[0.54043,0.42438,0.34968,0.01504],[0.54043,0.44206,0.39636,0.01504],[0.54043,0.45973,0.27916,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-08","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"In 2008 a 15-year-old girl fatally shot a classmate, then called 9-1-1 to surrender","quote":"On November 12, 2008, a 15-year-old female student fatally shot a classmate while students were changing classes. The attacker fled to a restaurant across the street from her high school and phoned 9-1-1 to turn herself in to police.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.54043,0.51277,0.36537,0.01504],[0.54043,0.53044,0.36935,0.01504],[0.54043,0.54812,0.35888,0.01504],[0.54043,0.5658,0.35912,0.01504],[0.54043,0.58347,0.12549,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-09","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"The 2008 attacker faced stressors mostly outside school, including parental abandonment","quote":"Prior to her attack, she faced a number of stressors in her life, mostly outside of school. As an infant, her college-aged parents abandoned her and she was raised largely by her grandparents.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.67873,0.58347,0.21087,0.01504],[0.54043,0.60115,0.38129,0.01504],[0.54043,0.61883,0.37364,0.01504],[0.54043,0.6365,0.32919,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-10","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"The attacker suffered sexual abuse, an abusive ill mother, and a father imprisoned for murder","quote":"At the age of six years, she was sexually molested by a family member; and at age 12, she was raped by an uncle. She did have some contact with her birth parents, but her mother was reportedly abusive and suffered from severe mental illness; and her father began serving a 25-year prison sentence for murder around the time she was 14 years old.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.88243,0.6365,0.04013,0.01504],[0.54043,0.65418,0.37898,0.01504],[0.54043,0.67186,0.39525,0.01504],[0.54043,0.68953,0.36365,0.01504],[0.54043,0.70721,0.38727,0.01504],[0.54043,0.72489,0.37047,0.01504],[0.54043,0.74256,0.37932,0.01504],[0.54043,0.76024,0.06316,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p016-11","page":16,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"At high school the attacker was lonely, struggled to connect, and had behavior problems","quote":"At her high school, she was lonely, appeared to struggle to connect with others, and had behavior problems.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":16,"rects":[[0.6164,0.76024,0.30819,0.01504],[0.54043,0.77792,0.35855,0.01504],[0.54043,0.79559,0.06457,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 16). Claim p016-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p016-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p016-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-01","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts and other mental health issues matter in assessments","quote":"Anxiety, depression, thoughts of suicide, and other mental | Assess whether the student feels hopeless, desperate, health issues are important factors to consider when conducting an assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Emotional and developmental issues","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":17,"rects":[[0.05882,0.28274,0.83785,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-02","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Maladaptive behavior by students with diagnoses might not be threatening","quote":"Keep in mind that students with emotional issues or developmental disorders might behave in a way that is maladaptive, but might not be concerning or threatening because the behavior is a product of their diagnosis.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Emotional and developmental issues","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.27158,0.31809,0.18439,0.01504],[0.07352,0.33577,0.38124,0.01504],[0.07352,0.35345,0.34487,0.01504],[0.07352,0.37112,0.35344,0.01504],[0.07352,0.3888,0.20373,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-03","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Evaluate behaviors of diagnosed students against their diagnosis and baseline","quote":"Behaviors exhibited by a student with a diagnosed disorder need to be evaluated in the context of that diagnosis and the student’s known baseline of behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation","mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Emotional and developmental issues","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.29006,0.38902,0.14527,0.01503],[0.07352,0.40669,0.3654,0.01503],[0.07352,0.42437,0.36011,0.01503],[0.07352,0.44205,0.27261,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-04","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should weigh effects of mental illness feelings on risk of harm to self or others","quote":"If the student is experiencing feelings related to a diagnosable mental illness, such as depression, then the Team needs to consider the effect of these feelings on their behaviors when assessing the student’s risk of engaging in harm to self or others.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Emotional and developmental issues","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.35741,0.44183,0.08965,0.01504],[0.07352,0.45951,0.38469,0.01504],[0.07352,0.47718,0.35487,0.01504],[0.07352,0.49486,0.37195,0.01504],[0.07352,0.51254,0.38924,0.01504],[0.07352,0.53021,0.08878,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-05","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"1993 case: 17-year-old shot teacher and custodian, held classmates hostage","quote":"On January 18, 1993, a 17-year-old male student fatally shot his English teacher and a school custodian at his high school and held classmates hostage before surrendering to police.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1993 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.07352,0.56557,0.38017,0.01504],[0.07352,0.58324,0.34576,0.01504],[0.07352,0.60092,0.35826,0.01504],[0.07352,0.6186,0.1508,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-06","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"1993 attacker had submitted a poem about homicide or suicide thoughts","quote":"The student had recently turned in a poem to his English teacher for an assignment that discussed his thoughts of committing homicide or suicide.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1993 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.23713,0.6186,0.21941,0.01504],[0.07352,0.63628,0.37732,0.01504],[0.07352,0.65395,0.3952,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-07","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"1993 attacker had at least three failed suicide attempts, one the night before","quote":"The student had failed in at least three prior suicide attempts, including one the night before his attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1993 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.07352,0.67163,0.35229,0.01504],[0.07352,0.68931,0.34376,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-08","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Despite pleading guilty but mentally ill, 1993 attacker was convicted and given life","quote":"Although the student entered a plea of guilty but mentally ill at trial, ultimately he was convicted and sentenced to life in prison.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1993 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.07352,0.70698,0.39242,0.01504],[0.07352,0.72466,0.37903,0.01504],[0.07352,0.74234,0.08279,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-09","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Determine if student has had thoughts or behaviors indicating desperation","quote":"Determine if the student has had thoughts about or engaged in behaviors that would indicate the student’s desperation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Desperation or despair","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.64524,0.30042,0.22394,0.01504],[0.51102,0.31809,0.35086,0.01504],[0.51102,0.33577,0.23191,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-10","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should check past despair, past coping, and current coping resources","quote":"The Team should determine whether the student has felt this way before, how the student managed those feelings then, and whether those same resources for coping are available to the student now.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Desperation or despair","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.75574,0.33577,0.11696,0.01504],[0.51102,0.35345,0.37562,0.01504],[0.51102,0.37112,0.34832,0.01504],[0.51102,0.3888,0.37649,0.01504],[0.51102,0.40648,0.12636,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-11","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Consider whether failed positive problem-solving led to hopelessness","quote":"Consider whether the student has tried addressing the problems in a positive way, but was unable to resolve them, thereby leading to a sense of hopelessness about their situation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Desperation or despair","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.64935,0.40648,0.23134,0.01504],[0.51102,0.42415,0.38553,0.01504],[0.51102,0.44183,0.36398,0.01504],[0.51102,0.45951,0.23391,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-12","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"1997 case: 16-year-old shotgun attack killed a student and principal, injured two","quote":"On February 1, 1997, a 16-year-old male student used a shotgun to fire on fellow students in the common area of his high school prior to the start of the school day. He killed one student and the principal and injured two additional students.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1997 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.51102,0.49486,0.37248,0.01504],[0.51102,0.51254,0.37935,0.01504],[0.51102,0.53021,0.35828,0.01504],[0.51102,0.54789,0.37531,0.01504],[0.51102,0.56557,0.1306,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-13","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"1997 attacker had been bullied by classmates, including the student killed","quote":"Prior to his attack, the student had been bullied and teased by several classmates, including the student killed.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1997 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.65443,0.56557,0.23477,0.01504],[0.51102,0.58324,0.39606,0.01504],[0.51102,0.60092,0.11695,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-14","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Administrators intervened on bullying but it soon resumed after brief improvement","quote":"At some point prior to his attack, the student asked the principal and dean of students for help with the bullying he was experiencing. They intervened, and though the situation improved temporarily, the teasing and bullying soon resumed.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1997 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.64078,0.60092,0.24756,0.01504],[0.51102,0.6186,0.39354,0.01504],[0.51102,0.63628,0.38499,0.01504],[0.51102,0.65395,0.39866,0.01504],[0.51102,0.67163,0.18665,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-15","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Told to ignore bullies, the student felt victimization worsened and grew hopeless","quote":"The student asked the principal for help a second time, but this time the principal advised him to just ignore the bullies. The student tried, but felt like the victimization worsened and he began to feel hopeless that it would ever end.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1997 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.71048,0.67163,0.15283,0.01504],[0.51102,0.68931,0.39947,0.01504],[0.51102,0.70698,0.38385,0.01504],[0.51102,0.72466,0.37817,0.01504],[0.51102,0.74234,0.24329,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-16","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Student said he felt denied help, so decided a gun would scare tormentors away","quote":"After his attack, the student explained that he felt as though he had asked the “proper people” for assistance, but he was denied help, so he decided that bringing a gun to school would scare his tormentors and get them to leave him alone.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1997 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.76713,0.74234,0.13234,0.01504],[0.51102,0.76001,0.39529,0.01504],[0.51102,0.77769,0.38385,0.01504],[0.51102,0.79537,0.38814,0.01504],[0.51102,0.81304,0.3221,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-16","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-16","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-16, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-16","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-16, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-16\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-16</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-16","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p017-17","page":17,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Friends aware of the plan urged him to shoot people; he decided to fire","quote":"When some friends learned of the plan, they told him that he had to use the weapon to shoot people or the bullying would continue. The student decided he would have to fire the weapon at people in order to end his torment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: 1997 case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":17,"rects":[[0.84593,0.81304,0.03927,0.01504],[0.51102,0.83072,0.40065,0.01504],[0.51102,0.8484,0.38416,0.01504],[0.51102,0.86607,0.38648,0.01504],[0.51102,0.88375,0.30902,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-17","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-17","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-17, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-17","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 17). Claim p017-17, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-17\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p017-17</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p017-17","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-01","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Hopeless students may see violence as the only way to solve problems or grievances","quote":"Some students, who are feeling hopeless and out of | In previous incidents, many students made statements or options, may think violence is the only way to solve a problem or settle a grievance.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Violence as an option column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":18,"rects":[[0.08824,0.28274,0.83783,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-02","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should check if student views violence as acceptable, past use, and alternatives","quote":"The Team should look to see whether the student thinks violence is acceptable or necessary, if the student has used violence in the past to address problems, and whether the student has thought of alternative ways to address the grievances.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Violence as an option column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.32785,0.31809,0.1494,0.01504],[0.10293,0.33577,0.38503,0.01504],[0.10293,0.35345,0.35573,0.01504],[0.10293,0.37112,0.38017,0.01504],[0.10293,0.3888,0.36708,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-03","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should assess whether peers or others encourage the student's use of violence","quote":"The Team should also assess whether peers, or others, support and encourage the student to use violence as a means to an end.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Violence as an option column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.10293,0.40648,0.37732,0.01504],[0.10293,0.42415,0.38446,0.01504],[0.10293,0.44183,0.11526,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-04","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Where possible, link student with prosocial role models who discourage violence","quote":"If possible, connect the student with more positive, prosocial role models who discourage violence and identify more acceptable ways to solve problems.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Violence as an option column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.231,0.44183,0.24758,0.01504],[0.10293,0.45951,0.36192,0.01504],[0.10293,0.47718,0.35911,0.01504],[0.10293,0.49486,0.06457,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-05","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2011 case: 15-year-old shot classmate in abdomen, fled, arrested an hour later","quote":"On March 25, 2011, a 15-year-old male student fired two shots at a classmate, wounding him in the abdomen. After firing the weapon, the student fled the scene and dropped the gun in a field. He was arrested about an hour after the incident.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example March 2011","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.10293,0.53021,0.38702,0.01504],[0.10293,0.54789,0.36195,0.01504],[0.10293,0.56557,0.37308,0.01504],[0.10293,0.58324,0.36822,0.01504],[0.10293,0.60092,0.15026,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-06","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2011 attacker had history of fights and once threatened the victim with a chain","quote":"The student had a history of being involved in numerous physical altercations with other students throughout his 6th, 7th, and 8th grade school years. Additionally, he tried to start a fight with the targeted victim, and once threatened him with a chain.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example March 2011","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.26601,0.60092,0.19152,0.01504],[0.10293,0.6186,0.36564,0.01504],[0.10293,0.63628,0.36172,0.01504],[0.10293,0.65395,0.36933,0.01504],[0.10293,0.67163,0.34034,0.01504],[0.10293,0.68931,0.05038,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-07","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2011 attacker threatened to bomb school and told a friend he planned to kill victim","quote":"About three weeks prior to the attack, the student threatened to blow up the school. Days prior to the incident, the student, who was angry at the targeted victim, told a friend that he planned to kill him. engaged in behaviors","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example March 2011","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"clauses(all)","page":18,"rects":[[0.16612,0.68931,0.25242,0.01504],[0.42708,0.68931,0.02135,0.01504],[0.10293,0.70698,0.2806,0.01504],[0.39635,0.70698,0.0879,0.01504],[0.10293,0.72466,0.08025,0.01504],[0.27711,0.72466,0.20856,0.01504],[0.10293,0.74234,0.0401,0.01504],[0.15158,0.74234,0.26206,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-08","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assess whether people who know the student are worried, their actions, and why","quote":"Assess whether parents, friends, classmates, teachers, or others who know the student are worried about the student and whether they have taken any actions in response to their concerns. Gather information on the specific behaviors that caused worry or fear.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["assessment-procedures-and-documentation","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Concerned others column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.76586,0.31809,0.16874,0.01504],[0.52941,0.33577,0.36878,0.01504],[0.52941,0.35345,0.38047,0.01504],[0.52941,0.37112,0.36626,0.01504],[0.52941,0.3888,0.38956,0.01504],[0.52941,0.40648,0.08647,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-09","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Worrying behaviors could include threats, aggression, planning, suicidality, fixation","quote":"These could include behaviors that may have elicited concerns about the safety of the student or others, such as unusual, bizarre or threatening statements; intimidating or aggressive acts; indications of planning for an attack; suicidal ideations or gestures; or a fixation on a specific target.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Concerned others column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.62728,0.40648,0.28265,0.01524],[0.52941,0.42437,0.41173,0.01503],[0.52941,0.44183,0.40581,0.01524],[0.52941,0.45951,0.39663,0.01504],[0.52941,0.47718,0.38218,0.01504],[0.52941,0.49486,0.11097,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-10","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Non-violent concerns like drug use or withdrawal still need assessment and support","quote":"Other behaviors that elicit concern may not necessarily be indicative of violence, but do require that the Team assess the behavior and provide appropriate supports. Examples of these behaviors include alcohol or drug use; behavior changes related to academic performance, social habits, mood, or physical appearance; conflicts with others; and withdrawal or isolation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Concerned others column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.65319,0.49508,0.25305,0.01503],[0.52941,0.51254,0.3806,0.01524],[0.52941,0.53021,0.37308,0.01504],[0.52941,0.54789,0.41056,0.01504],[0.52941,0.56557,0.40692,0.01504],[0.52941,0.58324,0.40687,0.01504],[0.52941,0.60092,0.32693,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-11","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2017 case: 21-year-old killed two at former school; many had voiced concern earlier","quote":"On December 7, 2017, a 21-year-old male shot and killed two students at his former high school before fatally shooting himself. Prior to his attack, a number of individuals had expressed concern regarding his behaviors and statements.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","violence-as-an-option-and-concerned-others"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example December 2017","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.52941,0.63628,0.35342,0.01504],[0.52941,0.65395,0.34912,0.01504],[0.52941,0.67163,0.37901,0.01504],[0.52941,0.68931,0.40829,0.01504],[0.52941,0.70698,0.10586,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-12","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2017 attacker made online threats; FBI met him in 2016 over assault rifle comments","quote":"Sometime in 2012, other users of an online forum were concerned after the student made threats about attacking his school. In March 2016, federal investigators met with the student after he made comments in an online chat room about wanting to find an inexpensive assault rifle he could use for a mass shooting. At the time, a family member told the investigators that the student was troubled and liked to make outlandish statements.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example December 2017","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.64807,0.70698,0.29197,0.01504],[0.52941,0.72466,0.4095,0.01504],[0.52941,0.74234,0.39583,0.01504],[0.52941,0.76001,0.39697,0.01504],[0.52941,0.77769,0.37791,0.01504],[0.52941,0.79537,0.40463,0.01504],[0.52941,0.81304,0.40775,0.01504],[0.52941,0.83072,0.27658,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p018-13","page":18,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2017 attacker posted Columbine-supportive content that upset forum users","quote":"At some point prior to his attack, the student posted content supportive of the attacks at Columbine High School in an online forum, upsetting many of the forum’s users.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example December 2017","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":18,"rects":[[0.81879,0.83072,0.09475,0.01504],[0.52941,0.8484,0.40578,0.01504],[0.52941,0.86607,0.38927,0.01504],[0.52941,0.88375,0.24385,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 18). Claim p018-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p018-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p018-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-01","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Assess whether student's thinking is organized enough and resourced to execute an attack","quote":"Determine whether the student’s thinking and behavior | Targeted attacks at school are rarely sudden or is organized enough to plan and execute an attack and whether the student has the resources to carry it out.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"table: Capacity column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"table row","page":19,"rects":[[0.05882,0.28274,0.7879,0.01544]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-02","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Attack planning can be as simple as taking a weapon from home","quote":"Planning does not need to be elaborate and could be as simple as taking a weapon from home and inflicting harm on classmates at school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Capacity column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.07352,0.33577,0.38239,0.01524],[0.07352,0.35345,0.37359,0.01504],[0.07352,0.37112,0.20515,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-03","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Some student attackers may develop more complex, lengthier plans","quote":"Other student attackers may develop more complex and lengthier plans.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Capacity column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.29149,0.37112,0.16135,0.01504],[0.07352,0.3888,0.32748,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-04","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"An attack minimally requires weapon access and getting it to school undetected","quote":"At the very least, carrying out an attack requires that the student has access to a weapon and the ability to get that weapon to school undetected.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning","inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Capacity column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.41381,0.3888,0.04013,0.01504],[0.07352,0.40648,0.39526,0.01504],[0.07352,0.42415,0.40041,0.01504],[0.07352,0.44183,0.14515,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-05","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014 case: 12-year-old fired shotgun in gym, injuring two students and a guard","quote":"On January 14, 2014, a 12-year-old male student used a shotgun with a sawed-off stock to fire three rounds of birdshot at fellow students gathered in their middle school gymnasium prior to the start of the school day. He injured two students and a security guard before surrendering to a teacher.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.07352,0.47718,0.3742,0.01504],[0.07352,0.49486,0.37538,0.01504],[0.07352,0.51254,0.39722,0.01504],[0.07352,0.53021,0.39637,0.01504],[0.07352,0.54789,0.3739,0.01504],[0.07352,0.56557,0.08197,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-06","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014 attacker talked about attack plans from November 2013","quote":"The student began talking about his attack plans as early as November 2013, saying that he wanted to fire a weapon in the air to make people take him seriously.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.1669,0.56557,0.29283,0.01504],[0.07352,0.58324,0.39012,0.01504],[0.07352,0.60092,0.34631,0.01504],[0.07352,0.6186,0.06059,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-07","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014 attacker used father's shotgun after failing to find his pistol","quote":"According to reports, his father owned a pistol and a shotgun. In January 2014, the student wrote in his diary that he wanted to use his father’s pistol for his attack, but was unable to locate it so he used the shotgun instead.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.14552,0.6186,0.31727,0.01504],[0.07352,0.63628,0.36542,0.01504],[0.07352,0.65395,0.37474,0.01504],[0.07352,0.67163,0.39615,0.01504],[0.07352,0.68931,0.05036,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-08","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014 attacker hid shotgun in a duffel bag claiming gym items","quote":"The morning of the attack, the student was driven to school by a family member so he hid his shotgun in a duffel bag, claiming it contained items for his gym class. impulsive","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2014","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"clauses(all)","page":19,"rects":[[0.1367,0.68931,0.1753,0.01504],[0.32053,0.68931,0.10842,0.01504],[0.07352,0.70698,0.40033,0.01504],[0.07352,0.72466,0.09875,0.01504],[0.18081,0.72466,0.26374,0.01504],[0.07352,0.74234,0.03585,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-09","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should assess whether the student made specific plans to harm the school","quote":"The Team should assess whether the student has made specific plans to harm the school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Planning column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.70653,0.30062,0.16903,0.01504],[0.51102,0.3183,0.36479,0.01504],[0.51102,0.33597,0.07087,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-10","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Possible planning behaviors include target lists, surveillance, rehearsal, weapon practice","quote":"The student might create lists of individuals or groups targeted for violence, or research tactics and materials needed to carry out the attack. The student may conduct surveillance, draw maps of the planned location, and test security responses at school. He/she may write out detailed steps and rehearse some aspects of a plan, such as getting to the school, the timing of the attack, or whether to attempt escape, be captured, or commit suicide. The student may also acquire, manufacture, or practice with a weapon.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Planning column","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.5947,0.33597,0.29678,0.01504],[0.51102,0.35365,0.37905,0.01504],[0.51102,0.37133,0.40066,0.01504],[0.51102,0.389,0.39354,0.01504],[0.51102,0.40668,0.38728,0.01504],[0.51102,0.42436,0.38729,0.01504],[0.51102,0.44203,0.36712,0.01504],[0.51102,0.45971,0.37106,0.01504],[0.51102,0.47739,0.3819,0.01504],[0.51102,0.49506,0.15963,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-11","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2013 case: 18-year-old killed a student, set fire, then shot himself","quote":"On December 13, 2013, an 18-year-old male student entered his high school with a shotgun, a large knife, bandoliers with ammunition, and a number of homemade Molotov cocktails. He opened fire on two female students, fatally shooting one. He then entered the school library and opened fire on a faculty member there, who was able to escape through a back door. The student then set fire to a shelf of books in the library with one of his Molotov cocktails before fatally shooting himself.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2013","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.51102,0.53042,0.36196,0.01504],[0.51102,0.54809,0.36169,0.01504],[0.51102,0.56577,0.39179,0.01504],[0.51102,0.58345,0.40074,0.01504],[0.51102,0.60112,0.37904,0.01504],[0.51102,0.6188,0.39554,0.01504],[0.51102,0.63648,0.38906,0.01504],[0.51102,0.65415,0.37503,0.01504],[0.51102,0.67183,0.26947,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-12","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2013 attacker planned three months in a diary, targeting final exams","quote":"The student spent three months planning his attack, starting a diary on his computer in September 2013 to detail his plans. There he wrote that he wanted to choose a day during final exams so that the largest number of students would be present.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2013","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.7933,0.67183,0.08111,0.01504],[0.51102,0.68951,0.37758,0.01504],[0.51102,0.70718,0.37474,0.01504],[0.51102,0.72486,0.37083,0.01504],[0.51102,0.74254,0.38755,0.01504],[0.51102,0.76021,0.07399,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p019-13","page":19,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2013 attacker planned entry, bought firearm, made Molotov cocktails that morning","quote":"Over the next few months, he planned how and where he would enter the school, including where he would initiate the attack, and purchased the firearm and ammunition he would use. On the morning of the incident, the student purchased a four-pack of glass soda bottles and used these to create the Molotov cocktails he deployed during the attack.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example 2013","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":19,"rects":[[0.59782,0.76021,0.29367,0.01504],[0.51102,0.77789,0.3708,0.01504],[0.51102,0.79557,0.37364,0.01504],[0.51102,0.81324,0.36821,0.01504],[0.51102,0.83092,0.39669,0.01504],[0.51102,0.8486,0.39159,0.01504],[0.51102,0.86628,0.18524,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 19). Claim p019-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p019-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p019-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-01","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should check student statements against actions and others' accounts","quote":"The Team should corroborate the student’s statements to determine that they are consistent with the student’s actions and behaviors and with what other people say about the student.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Consistency para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.10293,0.28294,0.39141,0.01524],[0.10293,0.30062,0.37279,0.01504],[0.10293,0.3183,0.37049,0.01504],[0.10293,0.33597,0.12039,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-02","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should try to determine why identified inconsistencies exist","quote":"When inconsistencies are identified, the Team should then try to determine why that is the case.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Consistency para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.23613,0.33597,0.24729,0.01504],[0.10293,0.35365,0.36166,0.01504],[0.10293,0.37133,0.0333,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-03","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"statement","title":"Example: student claims to handle break-up well but posts and friends suggest otherwise","quote":"For example, the student might say that he/she is handling a romantic break-up well, but posts on social media indicate the student is struggling to move on, and friends report that the student is more upset or angry about the break-up than reported.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Consistency para 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.14904,0.37133,0.3372,0.01504],[0.10293,0.389,0.37161,0.01504],[0.10293,0.40668,0.38669,0.01504],[0.10293,0.42436,0.36193,0.01504],[0.10293,0.44203,0.2285,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-04","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Determine whether inconsistency is deliberate hiding or an underlying issue like depression","quote":"Determine whether the inconsistency is because the student is deliberately hiding something or if the inconsistency stems from another underlying issue. For example, a depressed student may claim that they are isolated, even if they regularly go out with a large group of students.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning","mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Consistency para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.34425,0.44203,0.13002,0.01504],[0.10293,0.45971,0.37989,0.01504],[0.10293,0.47739,0.35226,0.01504],[0.10293,0.49506,0.3625,0.01504],[0.10293,0.51274,0.35998,0.01504],[0.10293,0.53042,0.31613,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-05","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Deliberate concealment may reflect fear of punishment or hidden violent plans","quote":"If the inconsistency is deliberate, it is important to determine why the student feels the need to conceal his/her actions. The concealment may be as simple as a fear of facing punishment for some other inappropriate behavior, or it may be related to hidden plans for a violent act.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["attack-capacity-and-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Consistency para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.43188,0.53042,0.03416,0.01504],[0.10293,0.54809,0.37441,0.01504],[0.10293,0.56577,0.39445,0.01504],[0.10293,0.58345,0.37221,0.01504],[0.10293,0.60112,0.37645,0.01504],[0.10293,0.6188,0.32326,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-06","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"2014 case: 15-year-old brought rifle, handgun, knife taken from brother's gun case","quote":"On June 10, 2014, a 15-year-old male student brought a rifle, handgun, nine magazines with ammunition, and a knife into the boy’s locker room at his high school. He had taken the weapons from his brother’s locked gun case in his home.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.10293,0.65415,0.37195,0.01504],[0.10293,0.67183,0.37474,0.01504],[0.10293,0.68951,0.38189,0.01504],[0.10293,0.70718,0.36367,0.01504],[0.10293,0.72486,0.1161,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-07","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Attacker killed one student, wounded a teacher, then killed himself","quote":"Once at school, he changed into all black clothing, and donned a helmet, face mask, and a non-ballistic vest. He then fatally shot one student and wounded a teacher. After being confronted by staff and law enforcement, the student fatally shot himself in a bathroom.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.23185,0.72486,0.24418,0.01504],[0.10293,0.74254,0.37904,0.01504],[0.10293,0.76021,0.37563,0.01504],[0.10293,0.77789,0.38392,0.01504],[0.10293,0.79557,0.35828,0.01504],[0.10293,0.81324,0.06545,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-08","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Attacker was active in church, scouts, sports, JROTC and fascinated with guns","quote":"Prior to his attack, the student was an ordained deacon at his church and was appointed president of the deacon’s quorum. He participated in youth night at the church, Boy Scouts, youth basketball, and track. Friends described him as friendly and outgoing. He was also a member of the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (JROTC) and was fascinated with guns and the military.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.18119,0.81324,0.32241,0.01504],[0.10293,0.83092,0.39301,0.01504],[0.10293,0.8486,0.37816,0.01504],[0.10293,0.86628,0.39242,0.01504],[0.10293,0.88395,0.37898,0.01504],[0.10293,0.90163,0.37244,0.01504],[0.54043,0.24759,0.37755,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-09","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"fact","title":"Despite outward appearance, attacker journaled plans to kill classmates","quote":"Despite his outward appearance, some time prior to his attack, he wrote in a journal about his plans to kill his classmates and spoke harshly about “sinners,” which included people who smoked cigarettes and took the Lord’s name in vain.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.54043,0.26527,0.38041,0.01504],[0.54043,0.28294,0.3611,0.01504],[0.54043,0.30062,0.3662,0.01504],[0.54043,0.3183,0.36508,0.01504],[0.54043,0.33597,0.1326,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-10","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Thorough assessment must account for positive and prosocial influences","quote":"A thorough threat assessment requires understanding the full picture of a student’s behaviors and environment, which also includes accounting for the positive and prosocial influences on the student’s life.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Protective factors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.54043,0.40668,0.26524,0.01504],[0.54043,0.42436,0.23107,0.01504],[0.54043,0.44203,0.25638,0.01504],[0.54043,0.45971,0.35172,0.01504],[0.54043,0.47739,0.27348,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-11","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team should identify hope-restoring factors, including a trusted adult at school","quote":"The Team should identify factors that may restore hope to a student who feels defeated, desperate, or in a situation that is impossible to overcome. This includes determining whether the student has a positive, trusting relationship with an adult at school. This could be a teacher, coach, guidance counselor, administrator, nurse, resource officer, or janitor.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Protective factors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.82672,0.47739,0.0666,0.01504],[0.54043,0.49506,0.39044,0.01504],[0.54043,0.51274,0.36709,0.01504],[0.54043,0.53042,0.35336,0.01504],[0.54043,0.54809,0.39647,0.01524],[0.54043,0.56577,0.39394,0.01524],[0.54043,0.58345,0.39729,0.01504],[0.54043,0.60112,0.05975,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-12","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"A trusted, nonjudgmental adult can steer a student toward resources and supports","quote":"A trusted adult at school in whom the student can confide and who will listen without judgment can help direct a student toward resources, supports, and options to overcome setbacks.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Protective factors para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.61158,0.60112,0.30989,0.01504],[0.54043,0.6188,0.36195,0.01504],[0.54043,0.63648,0.36879,0.01504],[0.54043,0.65415,0.20631,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-13","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Learn student's friendships; some students may need help building supportive friends","quote":"Learn who the student’s friends are at school and if the student feels emotionally connected to other students. A student may need help developing friendships that they can rely on for support.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Protective factors para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.75955,0.65415,0.16305,0.01504],[0.54043,0.67183,0.38963,0.01524],[0.54043,0.68951,0.39116,0.01524],[0.54043,0.70718,0.37986,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-14","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conjecture","title":"Positive changes like new relationships or clubs might deter violent plans","quote":"Positive situational or personal factors might help to deter a student from engaging in negative or harmful behaviors. Changes in a student’s life, such as having a new romantic relationship or becoming a member of a team or club, might discourage any plan to engage in violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Protective factors para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.54043,0.74254,0.35339,0.01504],[0.54043,0.76021,0.36193,0.01504],[0.54043,0.77789,0.37362,0.01504],[0.54043,0.79557,0.37075,0.01504],[0.54043,0.81324,0.38158,0.01504],[0.54043,0.83092,0.0572,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p020-15","page":20,"section":"step-5-establish-assessment-procedures","type":"conclusion","title":"Team could use desired activities to motivate attendance and good conduct","quote":"The Team could also use activities or groups the student wants to take part in as motivation for the student to engage in positive and constructive behaviors, such as attending class, completing assignments, and adhering to a conduct or behavior code.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Protective factors para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":20,"rects":[[0.6104,0.83092,0.3308,0.01504],[0.54043,0.8486,0.39213,0.01504],[0.54043,0.86628,0.39611,0.01504],[0.54043,0.88395,0.39948,0.01504],[0.54043,0.90163,0.19038,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 20). Claim p020-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p020-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-5-establish-assessment-procedures#p020-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-01","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"statement","title":"After a thorough assessment the Team can evaluate risk of self-harm or harming others","quote":"options Once the Team has completed a thorough assessment of the student, it can evaluate whether the student is at risk for self-harm or harming someone else at school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.3538,0.1421,0.08058,0.02406],[0.05882,0.248,0.37536,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26568,0.39044,0.01524],[0.05882,0.28336,0.38212,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-02","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conjecture","title":"Concern may rise with emotional struggle, hopelessness, violent preoccupation or weapons access","quote":"Concern may be heightened if the student is struggling emotionally, having trouble overcoming setbacks or losses, feeling hopeless, preoccupied with others who engaged in violence to solve problems, or has access to weapons.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.05882,0.30103,0.37842,0.01504],[0.05882,0.31871,0.40435,0.01504],[0.05882,0.33639,0.38642,0.01504],[0.05882,0.35406,0.38814,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-03","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"statement","title":"Team evaluates factors suggesting possible violence rather than predicting it with certainty","quote":"Remember, the Team is not attempting to predict with certainty if violence will happen. Instead, evaluate the presence of factors that indicate violence might be a possibility.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.05882,0.37174,0.36537,0.01504],[0.05882,0.38942,0.37163,0.01504],[0.05882,0.40709,0.36084,0.01504],[0.05882,0.42477,0.06826,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-04","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"statement","title":"Teams can develop strategies that reduce violence risk and support positive outcomes","quote":"Teams can then develop risk management strategies that reduce the student’s risk for engaging in violence and make positive outcomes for the student more likely.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.14275,0.42477,0.30113,0.01524],[0.05882,0.44266,0.4049,0.01503],[0.05882,0.46012,0.40522,0.01524],[0.05882,0.4778,0.03413,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-05","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Each student needs an individualized management plan based on assessment findings","quote":"Each student who comes to the Team’s attention will require an individualized management plan. The resources and supports the student needs will differ depending on the information gathered during the assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.07352,0.51315,0.35571,0.01504],[0.07352,0.53083,0.34811,0.01524],[0.07352,0.54851,0.35625,0.01504],[0.07352,0.56618,0.34316,0.01504],[0.07352,0.58386,0.08194,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-06","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"statement","title":"Often students are not at risk but need monitoring or guidance coping and managing emotions","quote":"Often, the Team will determine that the student is not currently at risk for engaging in violence, but requires monitoring or is in need of guidance to cope with losses, develop resiliency to overcome setbacks, or learn more appropriate strategies to manage emotions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.07352,0.61921,0.35969,0.01504],[0.07352,0.63689,0.3702,0.01524],[0.07352,0.65457,0.35336,0.01524],[0.07352,0.67224,0.39324,0.01504],[0.07352,0.68992,0.3349,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-07","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"When suspension or expulsion is needed, consider its effect on ability to monitor the student","quote":"Sometimes management involves suspension or expulsion from school. When this is necessary, Teams and school administrators should consider how it might affect their ability to monitor the student.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.51102,0.24759,0.40071,0.01504],[0.51102,0.26526,0.38275,0.01504],[0.51102,0.28294,0.3753,0.01504],[0.51102,0.30062,0.19378,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-08","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"fact","title":"Removal doesn't eliminate risk; several attacks were by former or removed students","quote":"Removing a student from school does not eliminate the risk to the school community. Several school attacks have been carried out by former students who had been removed from the school or aged out of their former school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.71761,0.30083,0.14649,0.01503],[0.51102,0.31851,0.38518,0.01503],[0.51102,0.33597,0.37687,0.01524],[0.51102,0.35365,0.38215,0.01504],[0.51102,0.37132,0.27857,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-09","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conjecture","title":"Suspended or expelled students might lose positive peer and adult connections","quote":"A suspended or expelled student might become isolated from positive peer interactions or supportive adult relationships at school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.8024,0.37132,0.09219,0.01504],[0.51102,0.389,0.38553,0.01504],[0.51102,0.40668,0.33972,0.01504],[0.51102,0.42435,0.06233,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-10","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Teams should stay connected to removed students to detect deterioration or escalation","quote":"Teams should develop strategies to stay connected to the suspended or expelled student to determine whether the student’s situation is deteriorating or the behaviors of concern are escalating so that they can respond appropriately.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.58616,0.42435,0.27572,0.01504],[0.51102,0.44203,0.35173,0.01504],[0.51102,0.45971,0.38753,0.01504],[0.51102,0.47738,0.37394,0.01504],[0.51102,0.49506,0.18211,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-11","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Management plans should remain until the Team is no longer concerned about violence risk","quote":"Management plans should remain in place until the Team is no longer concerned about the student or the risk for violence. This is accomplished by addressing the following basic elements that can reduce the likelihood a student will engage in violence and provide support and resources for those in need.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 para 4","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.49632,0.53041,0.39155,0.01504],[0.49632,0.54809,0.37761,0.01504],[0.49632,0.56577,0.40858,0.01504],[0.49632,0.58344,0.40522,0.01504],[0.49632,0.60112,0.3998,0.01504],[0.49632,0.6188,0.09306,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-12","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Notify law enforcement immediately if a student is considering or planning violence","quote":"Notify law enforcement immediately if a student is thinking about or planning to engage in violence, so that they may assist in managing the situation.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 elements","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.51102,0.65437,0.36424,0.01503],[0.51102,0.67183,0.37849,0.01524],[0.51102,0.6895,0.31244,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-13","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"statement","title":"Student supports could include peer programs, counseling, tutoring or mental health care","quote":"Resources to assist the student could take the form of peer support programs or therapeutic counseling to enhance social learning or emotional competency, life skills classes, tutoring in specific academic subjects, or mental health care.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 elements","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.07352,0.72528,0.36872,0.01524],[0.07352,0.74295,0.37302,0.01504],[0.07352,0.76063,0.36936,0.01504],[0.07352,0.77831,0.38154,0.01504],[0.07352,0.79598,0.12693,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-14","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"statement","title":"Most supports exist within school, but Teams may need community resources","quote":"Most programs and supports will be available within the school, but the Team may need to also access community resources to assist with managing the student.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 elements","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.21327,0.79598,0.24749,0.01504],[0.07352,0.81366,0.36709,0.01504],[0.07352,0.83134,0.32553,0.01504],[0.07352,0.84901,0.15025,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p021-15","page":21,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Protect potential targets by improving security and advising how to avoid the student","quote":"Make efforts to address the safety of any potential targets by altering or improving security procedures for schools or individuals and providing guidance on how to avoid the student of concern.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 elements","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":21,"rects":[[0.51102,0.72507,0.36555,0.01503],[0.51102,0.74254,0.38146,0.01524],[0.51102,0.76021,0.38811,0.01504],[0.51102,0.77789,0.19664,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 21). Claim p021-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p021-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p021-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-01","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Ask family or police to block weapon access while connecting student to prosocial models","quote":"Create a situation that is less prone to violence by asking the family or law enforcement to block the student’s access to weapons, while also connecting the student to positive, prosocial models of behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["inappropriate-interests-and-weapons-access","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.10293,0.24759,0.36502,0.01524],[0.10293,0.26527,0.40065,0.01504],[0.10293,0.28294,0.38846,0.01504],[0.10293,0.30062,0.26005,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-02","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Temporary removal from campus may be an option while keeping ties with student and family","quote":"Another option may involve removing the student from campus for a period of time, while maintaining a relationship with the student and the student’s family.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.37439,0.30062,0.10074,0.01504],[0.10293,0.3183,0.35966,0.01504],[0.10293,0.33597,0.3753,0.01504],[0.10293,0.35365,0.2174,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-03","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Motives differ per student and can be removed or redirected in various ways","quote":"Remove or redirect the student’s motive. Every student’s motive will be different, and motives can be redirected in a variety of ways.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.10293,0.389,0.34356,0.01524],[0.10293,0.40668,0.3628,0.01504],[0.10293,0.42436,0.20516,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-04","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Motive-redirection strategies may include bullying prevention or counseling after setbacks","quote":"These strategies may include bullying prevention efforts or offering counseling for a student experiencing a personal setback.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["motives-and-grievances","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.32091,0.42436,0.14682,0.01504],[0.10293,0.44203,0.38528,0.01504],[0.10293,0.45971,0.31585,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-05","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"conclusion","title":"Reduce stressor effects through resources helping students overcome setbacks","quote":"Reduce the effect of stressors by providing resources and supports that help the student manage and overcome negative events, setbacks, and challenges.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 6 bullet","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.10293,0.49506,0.38202,0.01524],[0.10293,0.51274,0.40037,0.01504],[0.10293,0.53042,0.29367,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-06","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"fact","title":"Suspended student's concerning online video was reported by a fellow student","quote":"In one recent case, a school principal described a situation when a student was suspended from his high school for drug possession. Soon after, a fellow student discovered a concerning video he posted online and notified school personnel.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["concerning-communications-and-threats","ntac-research-and-case-examples"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.52574,0.24759,0.40694,0.01504],[0.52574,0.26527,0.38301,0.01504],[0.52574,0.28294,0.39269,0.01504],[0.52574,0.30062,0.38615,0.01504],[0.52574,0.3183,0.06829,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-07","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"fact","title":"Administrator met student and father, saw no immediate danger but many stressors","quote":"A school administrator met with the student and his father. While the administrator had no immediate safety concerns about the student, he was aware that the student was experiencing a number of stressors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.60683,0.3183,0.32694,0.01504],[0.52574,0.33597,0.40491,0.01504],[0.52574,0.35365,0.40299,0.01504],[0.52574,0.37133,0.27457,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-08","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"fact","title":"Student's stressors: terminally ill father, ill mother, team removal, missed tutoring","quote":"The student’s parents were divorced and he was living with his father, who was diagnosed with a terminal illness and was receiving frequent medical treatments. His mother was dealing with a mental illness, was a source of embarrassment to him, and was unlikely to be able to serve as his guardian after his father’s passing. He was also recently removed from the wrestling team, and due to his suspension, banned from attending the matches. While suspended, the student was required to attend tutoring sessions in lieu of school, but was unable to make his sessions because he was transporting his father to medical appointments.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.81311,0.37133,0.09107,0.01504],[0.52574,0.389,0.41175,0.01504],[0.52574,0.40668,0.38494,0.01504],[0.52574,0.42436,0.39806,0.01504],[0.52574,0.44203,0.3847,0.01504],[0.52574,0.45971,0.39069,0.01504],[0.52574,0.47739,0.3864,0.01504],[0.52574,0.49506,0.37619,0.01504],[0.52574,0.51274,0.40608,0.01504],[0.52574,0.53042,0.38957,0.01504],[0.52574,0.54809,0.36878,0.01504],[0.52574,0.56577,0.32463,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-09","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"fact","title":"Lacking safety concerns, school used community services for transport and counseling, not police","quote":"The administrator reported that he would have alerted their school resource officer and local sheriff’s office if he had safety concerns about the student, but instead the school worked with community services to provide access to resources and supports, including transportation services for his father to his medical appointments so the student could attend tutoring sessions, and counseling and support services that would assist the student after his father’s passing.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold","risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.86318,0.56577,0.02562,0.01504],[0.52574,0.58345,0.37329,0.01504],[0.52574,0.60112,0.3859,0.01504],[0.52574,0.6188,0.39472,0.01504],[0.52574,0.63648,0.36676,0.01504],[0.52574,0.65415,0.39606,0.01504],[0.52574,0.67183,0.385,0.01504],[0.52574,0.68951,0.40917,0.01504],[0.52574,0.70718,0.36935,0.01504],[0.52574,0.72486,0.05462,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p022-10","page":22,"section":"step-6-develop-risk-management-options","type":"fact","title":"School planned student's return to campus to stay on track to graduate","quote":"The school also worked with the student and his father to develop a plan for the student to return to campus and remain on track to graduate.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["risk-management-options"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":22,"rects":[[0.59316,0.72486,0.32952,0.01504],[0.52574,0.74254,0.40466,0.01504],[0.52574,0.76021,0.22082,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 22). Claim p022-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p022-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-6-develop-risk-management-options#p022-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-01","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Preventing targeted violence relies on positive climates of safety, respect, trust and support","quote":"climates A crucial component of preventing targeted violence at schools relies on developing positive school climates built on a culture of safety, respect, trust, and social and emotional support.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.41854,0.1421,0.09149,0.02406],[0.05882,0.24759,0.37791,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26527,0.4006,0.01524],[0.05882,0.28316,0.37236,0.01503],[0.05882,0.30083,0.13428,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-02","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"statement","title":"Staff in safe schools support diversity, intervene in conflicts and work to prevent bullying","quote":"Teachers and staff in safe school environments support diversity, encourage communication between faculty and students, intervene in conflicts, and work to prevent teasing and bullying.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.20531,0.30062,0.22513,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3183,0.40148,0.01504],[0.05882,0.33597,0.38674,0.01504],[0.05882,0.35365,0.24896,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-03","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"statement","title":"Students in safe climates feel empowered to share concerns without being labeled a snitch","quote":"Students in safe school climates feel empowered to share concerns with adults, without feeling ashamed or facing the stigma of being labeled a “snitch.”","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.3206,0.35365,0.11013,0.01504],[0.05882,0.37133,0.39153,0.01524],[0.05882,0.389,0.3784,0.01524],[0.05882,0.40668,0.15877,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-04","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Administrators can break down codes of silence so students share concerns with trusted adults","quote":"Administrators can take action to develop and sustain safe school climates. • Break down “codes of silence” and help students feel empowered to come forward and share concerns and problems with a trusted adult.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 bullet 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"clauses(all)","page":23,"rects":[[0.23638,0.40668,0.22537,0.01504],[0.05882,0.42436,0.28341,0.01504],[0.51102,0.24759,0.35157,0.01524],[0.51102,0.26527,0.36822,0.01504],[0.51102,0.28294,0.23018,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-05","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"statement","title":"One school used a faculty roster exercise to pair unconnected students with well-liked staff","quote":"At one school, administrators used a faculty meeting to identify students who lacked a solid connection with an adult at school. They provided faculty with a roster of enrolled students and asked them to place a mark next to students with whom they had a warm relationship. For students without a mark next to their name, popular, well-liked teachers and staff were asked to reach out and develop positive connections with them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Step 7 example 1","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.75401,0.28294,0.09819,0.01504],[0.51102,0.30062,0.39181,0.01504],[0.51102,0.3183,0.37052,0.01504],[0.51102,0.33597,0.37562,0.01504],[0.51102,0.35365,0.36708,0.01504],[0.51102,0.37133,0.39437,0.01504],[0.51102,0.389,0.37075,0.01504],[0.51102,0.40668,0.3765,0.01504],[0.51102,0.42436,0.15367,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-06","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Helping students feel connected to school is an important first step to safe climates","quote":"Help students feel connected to the school, their classmates, and teachers. This is an important first step to creating school climates that are supportive, respectful, and safe.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 bullet 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.07352,0.45971,0.33296,0.01504],[0.07352,0.47739,0.35282,0.01504],[0.07352,0.49506,0.3557,0.01504],[0.07352,0.51274,0.13632,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-07","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Staff should be encouraged to build trusting relationships by actively listening to students","quote":"Encourage teachers and staff to build positive, trusting relationships with students by actively listening to students and taking an interest in what they say.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["protective-factors","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 bullet 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.22265,0.51295,0.23349,0.01503],[0.07352,0.53042,0.38841,0.01524],[0.07352,0.54809,0.39924,0.01504],[0.07352,0.56577,0.0572,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-08","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Administrators should help students feel more connected to classmates and the school","quote":"Help students feel more connected to their classmates and the school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 bullet 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.51102,0.45971,0.3878,0.01524],[0.51102,0.4776,0.10824,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-09","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"statement","title":"An elementary teacher seated unnamed students beside outgoing classmates to foster friendships","quote":"One teacher asked her elementary students to write down names of classmates they wanted to sit next to. If a student’s name did not appear on anyone’s list, the teacher placed that student’s desk next to a friendly or outgoing classmate in an effort to help the student develop friendships.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Step 7 example 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.63146,0.47739,0.23845,0.01504],[0.51102,0.49506,0.39182,0.01504],[0.51102,0.51274,0.3523,0.01504],[0.51102,0.53042,0.38787,0.01504],[0.51102,0.54809,0.39099,0.01504],[0.51102,0.56577,0.19119,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-10","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conjecture","title":"The seating approach could be adapted for older students via project partner assignments","quote":"This effort could be easily adapted with middle or high school-aged students by asking students to identify one or two classmates they would like to be partnered with for a project and assigning any student not named on a list to be partnered with a friendly or outgoing classmate.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Step 7 example 2","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.71503,0.56577,0.17585,0.01504],[0.51102,0.58345,0.36788,0.01504],[0.51102,0.60112,0.37049,0.01504],[0.51102,0.6188,0.3992,0.01504],[0.51102,0.63648,0.3705,0.01504],[0.51102,0.65415,0.20741,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p023-11","page":23,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Adults can help students find clubs or teams or start their own interest group","quote":"Adults can also help students identify clubs or teams at school they can join or encourage them to start their own special interest group.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 bullet 3","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":23,"rects":[[0.51102,0.68951,0.39236,0.01524],[0.51102,0.70718,0.39368,0.01524],[0.51102,0.72486,0.14882,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 23). Claim p023-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p023-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p023-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-01","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Schools can support positive climates by implementing school-wide PBIS programs","quote":"Create and promote safe school climates Schools can also support positive school climates by implementing school-wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) programs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":null,"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-02","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"statement","title":"PBIS programs actively teach students appropriate behavior across various settings","quote":"These programs actively teach students what appropriate behavior looks like in a variety of settings, including in the classroom, with their friends, or among adults.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.73915,0.28294,0.16873,0.01504],[0.51471,0.30062,0.38301,0.01504],[0.51471,0.3183,0.37872,0.01504],[0.51471,0.33597,0.1673,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-03","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"statement","title":"Under PBIS, teachers frequently praise and encourage students' prosocial behavior","quote":"Teachers frequently praise prosocial behavior they observe and encourage students’ good behavior.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.69481,0.33597,0.18155,0.01504],[0.51471,0.35365,0.39582,0.01504],[0.51471,0.37133,0.09987,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-04","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"evidence","title":"PBIS can improve academic outcomes and has been shown to reduce school bullying","quote":"PBIS can improve academic outcomes for schools and has been shown to reduce the rates of school bullying.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.62597,0.37133,0.2891,0.01504],[0.51471,0.389,0.40099,0.01504],[0.51471,0.40668,0.05376,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-05","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Students themselves have a role in sustaining safe school climates","quote":"While teachers and staff can foster relationships and connectedness among the student body, students themselves have a role to play in sustaining safe school climates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.51471,0.44203,0.35971,0.01504],[0.51471,0.45971,0.34945,0.01524],[0.51471,0.47739,0.39442,0.01524],[0.51471,0.49506,0.05718,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-06","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"conclusion","title":"Students should engage, reach out to isolated peers, and safely intervene in bullying","quote":"They should be actively engaged in their schools, encouraged to reach out to classmates who might be lonely or isolated, and empowered to intervene safely when they witness gossiping, teasing, and bullying.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 7 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.5847,0.49506,0.34061,0.01504],[0.51471,0.51274,0.41035,0.01504],[0.51471,0.53042,0.39582,0.01504],[0.51471,0.54809,0.27483,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-07","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"evidence","title":"After an averted attack, a principal's note praised students who reported online threats","quote":"Following an averted attack at a high school, the school principal sent a note home to students and parents about the incident. He used the note to explain what had been reported, the steps the school had taken to avert the attack, and praise for the students who had alerted school officials about concerning and threatening statements they saw online.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.51471,0.58345,0.38189,0.01504],[0.51471,0.60112,0.39328,0.01504],[0.51471,0.6188,0.38846,0.01504],[0.51471,0.63648,0.41008,0.01504],[0.51471,0.65415,0.40576,0.01504],[0.51471,0.67183,0.3782,0.01504],[0.51471,0.68951,0.04098,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p024-08","page":24,"section":"step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates","type":"evidence","title":"Principal urged parents to encourage students to speak up about concerning classmates","quote":"In the note, he also asked parents to encourage their students to speak up if they ever felt concerned about a classmate’s behavior, explaining that students’ “cooperation [with school officials] is important for everybody’s safety.”","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["ntac-research-and-case-examples","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"callout: Case example","case":true,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":24,"rects":[[0.56849,0.68951,0.36258,0.01504],[0.51471,0.70718,0.3836,0.01504],[0.51471,0.72486,0.41061,0.01504],[0.51471,0.74254,0.38265,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 24). Claim p024-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p024-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-7-create-and-promote-safe-school-climates#p024-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-01","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"statement","title":"Final plan component is identifying training needs for all stakeholder groups","quote":"The final component of a comprehensive targeted violence prevention plan is to identify training needs for all stakeholders, including faculty, staff, and administrators; students; parents; and school resource officers or local law enforcement.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.05882,0.24598,0.34206,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26366,0.39837,0.01504],[0.05882,0.28134,0.38585,0.01504],[0.05882,0.29901,0.40467,0.01504],[0.05882,0.31669,0.08595,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-02","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Anyone who might report concerns or join assessments should receive training","quote":"School safety is everyone’s responsibility. Anyone who could come forward with concerning information or who might be involved in the assessment process should be provided with training.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.15759,0.3169,0.30697,0.01503],[0.05882,0.33437,0.33975,0.01504],[0.05882,0.35204,0.38097,0.01504],[0.05882,0.36972,0.28026,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-03","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"statement","title":"Effective training covers assessment goals, what to report, and how to report","quote":"Effective training addresses the goals and steps of an assessment, the type of information that should be brought forward, and how individuals can report their concerns.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.35189,0.36972,0.11411,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3874,0.40095,0.01504],[0.05882,0.40507,0.37703,0.01504],[0.05882,0.42275,0.25123,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-04","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conjecture","title":"Presentations, videos and role-play might help staff and students grasp responsibilities","quote":"It might be beneficial for staff and students to hear presentations, see videos, and role-play scenarios so they have a thorough understanding of their responsibilities and the steps they can take to keep their school safe.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.32287,0.42275,0.14426,0.01504],[0.05882,0.44043,0.41179,0.01504],[0.05882,0.4581,0.40408,0.01504],[0.05882,0.47578,0.40351,0.01504],[0.05882,0.49346,0.11269,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-05","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conjecture","title":"Audiences need tailored messages, though some may benefit from joint training","quote":"Each audience will require a slightly different message, but some stakeholders may also benefit from attending training together, such as parents and students, or school faculty/staff and law enforcement personnel.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.18433,0.49346,0.24612,0.01504],[0.05882,0.51113,0.35369,0.01504],[0.05882,0.52881,0.38475,0.01504],[0.05882,0.54649,0.39216,0.01504],[0.05882,0.56416,0.06829,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-06","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Training programs should weigh frequency, delivery methods and unique audience needs","quote":"When developing a training program, consider how frequently each stakeholder will receive training, and whether to vary the delivery method of trainings. Also, each audience may have unique needs.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.13992,0.56416,0.3198,0.01504],[0.05882,0.58184,0.39382,0.01504],[0.05882,0.59952,0.41115,0.01504],[0.05882,0.61719,0.23306,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-07","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Every school adult, including custodial and food service staff, needs threat assessment training","quote":"Every adult at school needs training related to threat assessment and violence prevention, including administrative, maintenance, custodial, and food service staff.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Faculty, staff, and administrators","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.74693,0.24759,0.14368,0.01504],[0.49632,0.26526,0.38872,0.01504],[0.49632,0.28294,0.36359,0.01524],[0.49632,0.30083,0.23396,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-08","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"statement","title":"Staff training can cover whom to notify, what to report and how to intervene safely","quote":"Training can include who should be notified when concerning or threatening information is discovered, what information should be brought forward, how school staff might learn about information, and the steps school staff can take to safely intervene with concerning or threatening situations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Faculty, staff, and administrators","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.74233,0.30062,0.13859,0.01504],[0.49632,0.31829,0.37818,0.01504],[0.49632,0.33597,0.36646,0.01504],[0.49632,0.35365,0.35371,0.01504],[0.49632,0.37132,0.38589,0.01504],[0.49632,0.389,0.34574,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-09","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conjecture","title":"Training on suicide, conflict, mental health and disabilities might help staff foster climates","quote":"Providing training on other topics, such as suicide awareness and prevention, conflict resolution, mental health, and developmental disabilities, might also allow school faculty, staff, and administrators to foster positive school climates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Faculty, staff, and administrators","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.49632,0.40668,0.34287,0.01504],[0.49632,0.42435,0.41493,0.01504],[0.49632,0.44203,0.37726,0.01504],[0.49632,0.45971,0.38416,0.01504],[0.49632,0.47738,0.05718,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-10","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Students need training on the process, where to report, and what to bring forward","quote":"Students need training on the threat assessment process, where to report concerns, and what information they should bring forward.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Students","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.57423,0.51274,0.33181,0.01504],[0.49632,0.53041,0.38841,0.01504],[0.49632,0.54809,0.17555,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-11","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Students need assurance reports can be anonymous, followed up and kept confidential","quote":"Students also need assurances that they can make a report to the Team or another trusted adult anonymously, that their information will be followed-up on, and will be kept confidential.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["central-reporting-mechanism","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Students","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.68468,0.54809,0.21598,0.01504],[0.49632,0.56577,0.3987,0.01504],[0.49632,0.58344,0.4028,0.01524],[0.49632,0.60112,0.2486,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-12","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"statement","title":"Student training can teach safe ways to intervene with bullying and gossip","quote":"Training can also educate students about other actionable steps they can take to cultivate a safe school climate, including ways they can safely intervene with bullying, gossip, or name-calling.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Students","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.75712,0.60112,0.1164,0.01504],[0.49632,0.6188,0.38334,0.01504],[0.49632,0.63647,0.40124,0.01504],[0.49632,0.65415,0.3969,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-12","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-12","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-12, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-12","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-12, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-12\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-12</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-12","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-13","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Messaging should distinguish snitching for personal gain from seeking help for others","quote":"Messaging should demonstrate to students that there is a big difference between “snitching,” “ratting,” or “tattling,” and seeking help. While snitching is informing on someone for personal gain, here, students are encouraged to come forward when they are worried about a friend who is struggling, or when they are trying to keep someone from getting hurt.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Students","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.49632,0.6895,0.39411,0.01504],[0.49632,0.70718,0.41219,0.01524],[0.49632,0.72486,0.41366,0.01524],[0.49632,0.74254,0.39642,0.01504],[0.49632,0.76021,0.35539,0.01504],[0.49632,0.77789,0.39238,0.01504],[0.49632,0.79557,0.07881,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-13","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-13","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-13, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-13","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-13, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-13\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-13</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-13","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-14","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Students should keep speaking out until a concerning peer gets help","quote":"Remind students that if they are concerned about a classmate or friend, they need to keep speaking out until that person gets the help they need.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Students","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.58794,0.79557,0.29624,0.01504],[0.49632,0.81324,0.41319,0.01504],[0.49632,0.83092,0.27661,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-14","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-14","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-14, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-14","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-14, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-14\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-14</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-14","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p025-15","page":25,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Safe climate includes teaching students emotion management, coping and conflict skills","quote":"Finally, maintaining a safe school climate includes providing students with training or lessons to acquire skills and abilities to manage emotions, resolve conflicts, cope with stress, seek help, and engage in positive social interactions.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Students","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":25,"rects":[[0.78147,0.83092,0.13004,0.01504],[0.49632,0.8486,0.37104,0.01504],[0.49632,0.86627,0.4009,0.01504],[0.49632,0.88395,0.41176,0.01504],[0.49632,0.90163,0.25438,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-15","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-15","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-15, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-15","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 25). Claim p025-15, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-15\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p025-15</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p025-15","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-01","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Parents should be trained on the school's threat assessment process and their role","quote":"Parents should also be trained on the threat assessment process at their child’s school and their role in that process.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Parents para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.15631,0.24759,0.2991,0.01504],[0.08824,0.26527,0.40036,0.01504],[0.08824,0.28294,0.08509,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-02","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Parents should know whom to call, when, and what information to provide","quote":"They should be clear on who to call, when, and what information they should be ready to provide.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Parents para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.18614,0.28316,0.31041,0.01503],[0.08824,0.30083,0.39037,0.01503]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-03","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conjecture","title":"Parent training can help recognize youth emotional trouble or social isolation","quote":"Parents can also benefit from training that helps them recognize when children and teenagers may be in emotional trouble or feeling socially isolated.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Parents para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.08824,0.3183,0.36567,0.01504],[0.08824,0.33597,0.41517,0.01504],[0.08824,0.35365,0.22934,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-04","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conjecture","title":"Parent training can reduce mental health stigma and inform about resources","quote":"Training can also reduce the stigma around mental, emotional, or developmental issues and provide information on available resources and when they should seek professional assistance.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["mental-health-desperation-and-suicide","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Parents para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.33038,0.35365,0.16905,0.01504],[0.08824,0.37133,0.37788,0.01504],[0.08824,0.389,0.40064,0.01504],[0.08824,0.40668,0.32241,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-05","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Schools without resource officers can still build ties with local police","quote":"Not every school will have a school resource officer, but schools can still develop relationships with local law enforcement agencies and personnel.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.43948,0.44203,0.0239,0.01504],[0.08824,0.45971,0.41064,0.01504],[0.08824,0.47739,0.41292,0.01524],[0.08824,0.49506,0.16647,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-06","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Schools can invite local officers to co-teach, coach, and attend after-school events","quote":"Schools can encourage local officers to co-teach classes at the school, serve as coaches or assistant coaches of sports teams, and work with parents and teachers at after-school events.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.26751,0.49506,0.19978,0.01504],[0.08824,0.51274,0.41067,0.01504],[0.08824,0.53042,0.41145,0.01504],[0.08824,0.54809,0.24162,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-07","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"fact","title":"Some agencies have officers 'adopt a school' by visiting and working on campus","quote":"In some communities without school resource officers, local law enforcement agencies have encouraged officers to “adopt a school,” stopping by the school to greet and become familiar with students and teachers, eating lunch on campus, or doing paperwork in an office at the school.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.34267,0.54809,0.14596,0.01504],[0.08824,0.56577,0.37565,0.01504],[0.52573,0.24759,0.38333,0.01504],[0.52573,0.26527,0.39067,0.01504],[0.52573,0.28294,0.39356,0.01504],[0.52573,0.30062,0.24501,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-08","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Police and resource officers need awareness of the process and their duties after a threat","quote":"Like parents and teachers, local law enforcement and school resource officers need to be aware of the school’s threat assessment process and their own responsibilities once a threat is identified.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.52573,0.33597,0.36825,0.01504],[0.52573,0.35365,0.39075,0.01504],[0.52573,0.37133,0.3884,0.01504],[0.52573,0.389,0.17303,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-09","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Officer training should cover school emergency procedures and campus layout","quote":"Training for law enforcement and school resource officers should also provide familiarity with emergency response procedures the school has in place and the layout of the campus.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.71157,0.389,0.22453,0.01504],[0.52573,0.40668,0.40376,0.01504],[0.52573,0.42436,0.39186,0.01504],[0.52573,0.44203,0.19978,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-10","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conjecture","title":"Joint officer-staff training might clarify police involvement point and acquaint officers with staff","quote":"Officers and school staff might benefit from attending training together so that all parties are aware of the point at which local law enforcement should be involved in an investigation. This would also allow officers to get to know administrators, teachers, counselors, facilities and maintenance personnel, and other school staff.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["law-enforcement-intervention-threshold","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.73833,0.44203,0.16705,0.01504],[0.52573,0.45971,0.38044,0.01504],[0.52573,0.47739,0.41543,0.01504],[0.52573,0.49506,0.4154,0.01504],[0.52573,0.51274,0.4089,0.01504],[0.52573,0.53042,0.40866,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-10","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-10","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-10, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-10","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-10, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-10\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-10</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-10","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p026-11","page":26,"section":"step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders","type":"conclusion","title":"Emergencies are easier to handle when schools and police already know each other","quote":"It is much easier to work through an emergency situation when schools and law enforcement are already familiar with each other and their procedures.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Step 8 Law enforcement para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":26,"rects":[[0.52573,0.54809,0.38814,0.01504],[0.52573,0.56577,0.40891,0.01504],[0.52573,0.58345,0.22141,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-11","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-11","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-11, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-11","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 26). Claim p026-11, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-11\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p026-11</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/step-8-conduct-training-for-all-stakeholders#p026-11","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-01","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conjecture","title":"Targeted school violence may still occur despite a comprehensive prevention plan","quote":"” Despite having a comprehensive targeted violence prevention plan in place, and despite a school and Team’s best efforts at prevention, incidents of targeted school violence may still occur.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning","targeted-school-violence"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.05882,0.24759,0.34971,0.01504],[0.05882,0.26527,0.39981,0.01504],[0.05882,0.28294,0.37023,0.01504],[0.05882,0.30062,0.16048,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-02","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Developing emergency response plans and training all stakeholders on them is critical","quote":"It is critical to develop and implement emergency response plans and procedures and provide training on them to all stakeholders.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning","training-for-stakeholders"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.2307,0.30062,0.18415,0.01524],[0.05882,0.31851,0.39809,0.01503],[0.05882,0.33597,0.32665,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-03","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"evidence","title":"DHS recommends emergency plans be built with local law enforcement and first responders","quote":"The U.S. Department of Homeland Security recommends that emergency response plans be developed with input from local law enforcement and first responders.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.39829,0.33597,0.02562,0.01504],[0.05882,0.35365,0.36104,0.01504],[0.05882,0.37133,0.38726,0.01504],[0.05882,0.389,0.32695,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-04","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Example emergency procedures to develop include reporting, evacuation, notification, hospitals","quote":"For example, procedures should be developed for reporting emergencies, evacuation procedures and routes, use of emergency notification systems, and information regarding local hospitals or trauma centers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.40388,0.389,0.02219,0.01504],[0.05883,0.40668,0.38525,0.01504],[0.05883,0.42436,0.38419,0.01504],[0.05883,0.44203,0.40346,0.01504],[0.05883,0.45971,0.22365,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-05","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Law enforcement and first responders should know these emergency plans and how to implement them","quote":"Law enforcement and first responders should be apprised of these plans and procedures and know how to implement them.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["emergency-response-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 1","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.29529,0.45971,0.14913,0.01504],[0.05883,0.47739,0.377,0.01504],[0.05883,0.49506,0.31357,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-06","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Everyone has a role in preventing school violence and building safe climates","quote":"Everyone has a role in preventing school violence and creating safe school climates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.53882,0.24759,0.34034,0.01504],[0.53882,0.26527,0.23107,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-07","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Guide's threat assessment procedures are key to school safety and best practice vs. attacks","quote":"The threat assessment procedures detailed in this guide are an important component of school safety and security efforts and have been determined to be the best-practice in the prevention of targeted school violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["comprehensive-targeted-violence-prevention-plan"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.7827,0.26527,0.07256,0.01524],[0.53882,0.28316,0.35992,0.01503],[0.53882,0.30083,0.33284,0.01503],[0.53882,0.3183,0.34087,0.01524],[0.53882,0.33597,0.36425,0.01504],[0.53882,0.35365,0.0572,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-08","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"statement","title":"Students show a continuum of concerning behaviors, most of which may not be threatening","quote":"The model highlights that students can engage in a continuum of concerning behaviors and communications, the vast majority of which may not be threatening or violent.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.60883,0.35365,0.26635,0.01504],[0.53882,0.37133,0.35969,0.01504],[0.53882,0.389,0.35341,0.01504],[0.53882,0.40668,0.16619,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p027-09","page":27,"section":"conclusion","type":"conclusion","title":"Model urges a low threshold for spotting unusual behavior or distress to allow early intervention","quote":"Nevertheless, it encourages schools to set a low threshold when identifying students who might be engaging in unusual behavior, or experiencing distress, so that early interventions can be applied to reduce the risk of violence or other negative outcomes.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["prohibited-and-concerning-behaviors"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Conclusion para 2","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":27,"rects":[[0.71783,0.40668,0.19235,0.01504],[0.53882,0.42436,0.31899,0.01504],[0.53882,0.44203,0.36736,0.01504],[0.53882,0.45971,0.34885,0.01504],[0.53882,0.47739,0.36339,0.01504],[0.53882,0.49506,0.13062,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-09","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-09","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-09, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-09","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 27). Claim p027-09, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-09\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p027-09</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/conclusion#p027-09","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-01","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Section lists resources to help schools build teams, reporting, training and safe climates","quote":"This section provides information and links to resources that can help schools create threat assessment teams, establish central reporting mechanisms, train stakeholders on assessment procedures, and promote safe school climates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.08824,0.24759,0.82525,0.01504],[0.08824,0.26527,0.76657,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-02","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Section also links to emergency planning, violence response and mental health resources","quote":"It also provides links to resources related to emergency planning, responses to violence, and mental health.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Intro para","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.86761,0.26527,0.04098,0.01504],[0.08824,0.28294,0.68836,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-03","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Government neither endorses nor guarantees listed non-government resources or their accuracy","quote":"The U.S. Secret Service provides the listed non-government resources as a public service only. The U.S. government neither endorses nor guarantees in any way the external organizations, services, advice, or products included in this list. Furthermore, the U.S. government neither controls nor guarantees the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of the information contained in non-government websites.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Disclaimer","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.78941,0.28294,0.10729,0.01504],[0.08824,0.30062,0.80923,0.01504],[0.08824,0.3183,0.82403,0.01504],[0.08824,0.33597,0.82068,0.01504],[0.08824,0.35365,0.26661,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-04","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NTAC links to threat assessment best practices, school climate resources and training requests","quote":"THE NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT CENTER (NTAC). Provides links to best-practices in threat assessment and the prevention of targeted violence, including resources on conducting threat assessments in K-12 schools, building positive school climates, and requesting training from NTAC personnel.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Threat assessment resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.08824,0.45213,0.83832,0.01524],[0.08824,0.46981,0.82864,0.01504],[0.08824,0.48749,0.42568,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-05","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NASP provides information and links to research on K-12 school threat assessments","quote":"NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS (NASP). Provides information and links to research on conducting threat assessments in K-12 schools.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Threat assessment resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.08824,0.54052,0.79749,0.01524],[0.08824,0.55819,0.32498,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-06","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NABITA supports campus behavioral intervention teams working with at-risk individuals","quote":"THE NATIONAL BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION TEAM ASSOCIATION (NABITA). Provides education, resources, and supports to campus behavioral intervention team personnel and those who work to provide caring interventions of at-risk individuals.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Threat assessment resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.08824,0.6289,0.81785,0.01524],[0.08824,0.64658,0.82543,0.01504],[0.08824,0.66425,0.07339,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-07","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Virginia Student Threat Assessment Model offers guidelines for assessing students","quote":"THE VIRGINIA STUDENT THREAT ASSESSMENT MODEL. Provides guidelines and resources for schools to conduct threat assessments of students, including links to research on threat assessment.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Threat assessment resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.08824,0.71729,0.81891,0.01524],[0.08824,0.73496,0.55208,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p028-08","page":28,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Resource links were active at publication but may since have changed","quote":"The provided links were active at the time of the publication of this guide. Organizations may have updated or changed their links since this guide was published.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"footnote: Footnote 6","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":28,"rects":[[0.0957,0.89511,0.74529,0.01203],[0.08823,0.90723,0.13724,0.01203]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 28). Claim p028-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p028-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p028-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-01","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NEA offers resources and reports on school safety and violence prevention","quote":"Provides resources, reports, and information about school safety and violence prevention.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: NEA","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.39966,0.29901,0.47322,0.01504],[0.05882,0.31669,0.13375,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-02","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"IACP Youth Focused Policing trains law enforcement to work with youth","quote":"Provides information, resources, and training to enable law enforcement to work and intervene with children, teens, and young adults.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: IACP YFP","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.73891,0.36972,0.14424,0.01504],[0.05882,0.3874,0.76122,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-03","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"YFP resources aim to reduce crime and victimization among youth","quote":"Resources focus on reducing crimes and victimization among youth populations.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: IACP YFP","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.83285,0.3874,0.07314,0.01504],[0.05882,0.40507,0.47263,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-04","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NASRO provides training and resources to school-based officers","quote":"Provides training, information, and resources to school-based law enforcement officers.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: NASRO","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.59703,0.4581,0.30673,0.01504],[0.05882,0.47578,0.28314,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-05","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NLECTC links K-12 school officers to training material, software and videos","quote":"Provides links to resources and information, including training material, computer software, and videos for law enforcement officers who work in K-12 schools.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: NLECTC","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.05882,0.54649,0.84139,0.01504],[0.05882,0.56416,0.22962,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-06","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"CSPV researches and supports evidence-based youth violence prevention programs","quote":"Conducts research and provides support to professionals implementing evidence-based programs that promote positive youth development, reduce problem behaviors, and prevent violence and other antisocial behaviors.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: CSPV","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.56472,0.61719,0.29991,0.01504],[0.05883,0.63487,0.853,0.01504],[0.05883,0.65255,0.35485,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-07","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Texas School Safety Center covers bullying, violence, drugs, tech safety, emergencies","quote":"Provides information and resources related to bullying, school violence, drugs and tobacco, technology safety, and emergency management.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: TxSSC","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.42365,0.70558,0.42341,0.01504],[0.05882,0.72325,0.53726,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p029-08","page":29,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"SSAC offers school safety training and links to grants and conferences","quote":"Provides school safety training and services to school districts, law enforcement organizations, and communities. Provides links to grant opportunities, training courses, and conferences.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Resource list: SSAC","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":29,"rects":[[0.42255,0.77629,0.4581,0.01504],[0.05882,0.79396,0.8104,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 29). Claim p029-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p029-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p029-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-01","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"REMS Technical Assistance Center is a national clearinghouse for school safety information","quote":"National clearing-house for school safety information.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools","emergency-response-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: REMS","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.88267,0.29901,0.05634,0.01504],[0.08824,0.31669,0.29991,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-02","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"REMS offers resources and training on violence prevention, response and recovery","quote":"Provides resources, training, and information related to violence prevention, response, and recovery from incidents of school violence.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools","emergency-response-planning"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: REMS","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.40095,0.31669,0.5179,0.01504],[0.08824,0.33437,0.39213,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-03","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"IACP guide offers strategies for safe learning environments across all school violence types","quote":"Provides strategies to consider when creating safe learning environments and considers the full range of possible violence that can occur in schools.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: IACP guide","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.60997,0.3874,0.31357,0.01504],[0.08824,0.40507,0.69916,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-04","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Education Department guide helps schools build positive, safe environments to boost achievement","quote":"Resource guide developed by the U.S. Department of Education for schools to create nurturing, positive, and safe environments to help boost student achievement and success.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: school climate guide","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.63732,0.54901,0.2669,0.01504],[0.08824,0.56669,0.84941,0.01504],[0.08824,0.58437,0.08793,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-05","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"New Jersey School Boards Association publication gives guidance on school safety issues","quote":"Publication by the New Jersey School Boards Association to provide guidance and direction on school safety issues.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: NJSBA task force","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.60181,0.6374,0.31214,0.01504],[0.08824,0.65507,0.48007,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-06","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NJ task force final report recommends ways to protect students' physical and emotional well-being","quote":"The final report provides recommendations and resources to ensure the physical and emotional well-being of students.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: NJSBA task force","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.58111,0.65507,0.32552,0.01504],[0.08824,0.67275,0.47978,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-07","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"PBIS center helps schools implement multi-tiered social, emotional and behavioral support","quote":"Clearinghouse and technical assistance center that supports schools, school districts, and state agencies to create and implement a multi-tiered approach to social, emotional, and behavioral support.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools","safe-school-climate"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: PBIS","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.58032,0.72578,0.35259,0.01504],[0.08824,0.74346,0.84625,0.01504],[0.08824,0.76113,0.15989,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-07","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-07","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-07, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-07","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-07, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-07\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-07</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-07","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p030-08","page":30,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"PBIS site links to resources and training on PBIS tools and strategies","quote":"Provides links to resources, information, and training on PBIS tools and strategies.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"other: Resource list: PBIS","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":30,"rects":[[0.26094,0.76113,0.55685,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-08","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-08","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-08, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-08","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 30). Claim p030-08, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-08\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p030-08</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p030-08","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-01","page":31,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"StopBullying.gov offers government information on bullying, cyberbullying and prevention","quote":"Prevention and intervention of bullying STOPBULLYING.GOV. Provides information from government agencies on bullying, cyberbullying, risk factors, responses to bullying, and prevention efforts.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools","stressors-and-bullying"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bullying resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.24614,0.41886,0.02406],[0.05882,0.29901,0.8517,0.01524],[0.05882,0.31669,0.21227,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-01","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-01","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-01, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-01","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-01, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-01\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-01</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-01","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-02","page":31,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"National PTA provides bullying prevention and positive school climate resources","quote":"NATIONAL PTA. Provides resources regarding bullying prevention and creating positive school climates.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bullying resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.36972,0.72018,0.01524]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-02","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-02","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-02, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-02","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-02, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-02\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-02</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-02","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-03","page":31,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Youth Violence Project aggregates bullying resources for parents, teachers and students","quote":"YOUTH VIOLENCE PROJECT, BULLYING RESOURCES. Provides an aggregate of online and in-print resources for parents, teachers, and students to intervene, prevent, and respond to bullying.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Bullying resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.42275,0.80355,0.01524],[0.05882,0.44043,0.53443,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-03","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-03","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-03, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-03","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-03, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-03\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-03</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-03","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-04","page":31,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NAMI assists those affected by mental illness, with teen and young adult information","quote":"NATIONAL ALLIANCE ON MENTAL ILLNESS (NAMI). NAMI is dedicated to assisting those affected by mental illness and their families. They provide information specific to conditions and symptoms experienced by teens and young adults, as well as resources for education and advocacy for all those who suffer from mental health symptoms.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools","mental-health-desperation-and-suicide"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental health resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.58437,0.85066,0.01524],[0.05882,0.60204,0.82714,0.01504],[0.05882,0.61972,0.68096,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-04","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-04","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-04, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-04","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-04, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-04\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-04</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-04","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-05","page":31,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"NIMH links to mental health assistance, disorder information and stakeholder outreach","quote":"NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH (NIMH). Provides links to resources for assistance with mental health and mental illness, information related to mental health symptoms and disorders, and outreach to various stakeholders.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental health resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.69043,0.8274,0.01524],[0.05882,0.7081,0.7805,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-05","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-05","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-05, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-05","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-05, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-05\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-05</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-05","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}}},{"id":"p031-06","page":31,"section":"additional-resources-for-schools","type":"statement","title":"Mental Health First Aid offers free and low-cost training on mental illness and intervening","quote":"MENTAL HEALTH FIRST AID. Provides resources for free and low-cost training on mental health, symptoms of mental illness, and intervening with those with mental health symptoms.","tag":"V","reason":null,"concepts":["additional-resources-for-schools"],"supports":[],"cites":[],"element":"paragraph: Mental health resources","case":false,"sample":null,"proof":{"method":"exact","page":31,"rects":[[0.05882,0.77881,0.8153,0.01524],[0.05882,0.79649,0.43447,0.01504]]},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-06","canonical":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-06","cite":{"apa":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-06, NCIER Claim Map. https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-06","html":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. (2018). Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence (p. 31). Claim p031-06, NCIER Claim Map. <a href=\"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-06\">https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/claims/p031-06</a>"},"source":{"publisher":"NCIER","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: Claim Map","report":{"publisher":"U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center","title":"Enhancing School Safety Using a Threat Assessment Model: An Operational Guide for Preventing Targeted School Violence","year":2018},"url":"https://www.ncier.org/research/claim-maps/k12-threat-assessment-model/sections/additional-resources-for-schools#p031-06","license":{"name":"CC BY 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