NCIER®

Mental Health Symptoms Across Attacker Types

Report pages 26–26: 32 claims on p. 26 (fact 25, evidence 5, definition 2).

Claims in this section

Fact [V] p026-01

Over half of workplace attackers (59%) had mental health symptoms before attacking

Over half of all workplace attackers (n = 30, 59%) were found to have experienced mental health symptoms prior to their attack.

Sample (n = 30 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

Over half of all workplace attackers (n = 30, 59%) were found to have experienced mental health symptoms prior to their attack

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-02

Fifteen workplace attackers showed psychosis before their attack

Psychosis was found in 15 attackers, evidenced by delusions and hallucinations.

Sample (n = 15 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

including psychosis (n = 15)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Definition [V] p026-03

Delusions defined as false, idiosyncratic beliefs held despite contrary evidence

Delusions are false, idiosyncratic beliefs that are maintained despite evidence to the contrary.

which are false, idiosyncratic beliefs that are firmly maintained despite evidence to the contrary

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Definition [V] p026-04

Hallucinations defined as perceptions that seem real without external stimulus

Hallucinations are sensory perceptions that seem real but occur without any external stimulation.

sensory perceptions that seem real but occur without any external stimulation

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-05

Five workplace attackers experienced hallucinations

Hallucinations were experienced by five attackers (n = 5).

Sample (n = 5 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

hallucinations (n = 5)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-06

Paranoid delusions were the most common delusion type among attackers

Paranoid delusions were the most common type of delusional belief experienced by attackers.

Paranoid delusions were the most common type of delusional beliefs experienced by attackers

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-07

Auditory hallucinations were the most common form of hallucination

Auditory hallucinations, such as hearing voices, were the most common form of hallucination.

auditory hallucinations (e.g., hearing voices) were the most common form of hallucinations

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-08

Depression was present in 15 workplace attackers

Other symptoms included depression (n = 15).

Sample (n = 15 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

depression (n = 15)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-09

Paranoia was present in 11 workplace attackers

Other symptoms included paranoia (n = 11).

Sample (n = 11 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

paranoia (n = 11)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-10

Nearly two-fifths (39%) had a prior mental health diagnosis or treatment

Nearly two-fifths of attackers (n = 20, 39%) received a prior diagnosis or treatment for a mental health issue before the attack.

Sample (n = 20 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

Nearly two-fifths of attackers (n = 20, 39%) received a prior diagnosis or treatment for a mental health issue before the attack.

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Evidence [V] p026-11

Warehouse employee blocked exit with forklift, shot coworkers, then died by suicide

A warehouse employee used a forklift to block an exit before shooting coworkers with a revolver. On a call to police he described hearing voices since his teens, past treatment for psychosis, and a belief that a manager was attacking his mind.

used a forklift to block an exit before shooting coworkers with a revolver

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Evidence [V] p026-12

Attacker cited a manager's psychic attack on his mind as a motive

The attacker claimed a manager was a powerful psychic attacking his mind and cited this as a contributing factor to his motive.

which he cited as a contributing factor to his motive

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-13

Workplace-targeting attackers had higher mental health struggles (64%)

Attackers who targeted a current or former workplace had a higher proportion of mental health struggles (n = 14, 64%) than other attackers.

Sample (n = 14 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

attackers who targeted a current or former place of employment experienced a higher proportion (n = 14, 64%) of mental health struggles than other attackers

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-14

Employee attackers had the most paranoia (41%)

Employee attackers experienced the most paranoia (n = 9, 41%) compared to other attacker categories.

Sample (n = 9 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

Employee attackers experienced the most paranoia (n = 9, 41%) and psychosis (n = 9, 41%)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-15

Employee attackers had psychosis (41%)

Employee attackers also had psychosis (n = 9, 41%), compared to other attacker categories.

Sample (n = 9 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

and psychosis (n = 9, 41%)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-16

Employee attackers had delusional beliefs (23%)

Employee attackers had delusional beliefs (n = 5, 23%).

Sample (n = 5 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

including delusional beliefs (n = 5, 23%)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-17

Employee attackers had hallucinations (18%)

Employee attackers had hallucinations (n = 4, 18%).

Sample (n = 4 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

hallucinations (n = 4, 18%)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-18

Romantic partner and relative attackers showed depression at 44%

Attackers who targeted romantic partners or family members had higher rates of depression (n = 4, 44%) than others.

Sample (n = 4 of 9) · attacks by current or former romantic partners or relatives (9 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

this group had higher rates of depression (n = 4, 44%) and suicidal ideation (n = 3, 33%) than others

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-19

Romantic partner and relative attackers showed suicidal ideation at 33%

The same group had higher rates of suicidal ideation (n = 3, 33%) than others.

Sample (n = 3 of 9) · attacks by current or former romantic partners or relatives (9 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

and suicidal ideation (n = 3, 33%) than others

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-20

Only three employee attackers showed evidence of suicidal ideation

Evidence of suicidal ideation existed for only three employee attackers.

Although there was evidence of suicidal ideation for only three employee attackers

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-21

Employee attacks often ended in the attacker's death: suicide 55%, police response 23%

Employee attacks often culminated in the attacker's death, either by suicide (55%) or by law enforcement response (23%).

Sample (n = 12† of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)

employee attacks often culminated in the attacker's death, either by suicide (55%) or by law enforcement response (23%)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-22

Figure 3 charts mental health symptoms across attacker categories

Figure 3 charts any mental health symptom, paranoia, psychosis, depression, and suicidal ideation for current or former employees, customers and visitors, and romantic partners or relatives.

FIGURE 3 Mental Health Symptoms

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Evidence [V] p026-23

Warehouse gunman left the scene and contacted police after shooting coworkers

After the shooting, the gunman left the scene and contacted police.

The gunman then departed the scene and contacted police.

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Evidence [V] p026-24

Warehouse gunman told dispatch of hearing voices since teenage years

On the call, the attacker said he had heard voices since he was a teenager and had been treated for psychosis and schizophrenia.

On this call, the attacker told dispatchers that he had been hearing voices in his head since he was a teenager and that he had been previously treated for psychosis and schizophrenia.

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-26

Figure 3, any symptom: employees 64%, customers etc. 55%, partners and relatives 56%

Figure 3 shows any mental health symptom in 64% of current or former employee attackers, 55% of customer, client, patient, and visitor attackers, and 56% of romantic partner and relative attackers.

Sample (N = 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Figure 3 columns: employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9

| Any | 64% | 55% | 56% |

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-27

Figure 3, paranoia: employees 41%, customers etc. 5%, partners and relatives 11%

Figure 3 shows paranoia in 41% of current or former employee attackers, 5% of customer, client, patient, and visitor attackers, and 11% of romantic partner and relative attackers.

Sample (N = 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Figure 3 columns: employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9

| Paranoia | 41% | 5% | 11% |

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-28

Figure 3, psychosis: employees 41%, customers etc. 20%, partners and relatives 22%

Figure 3 shows psychosis in 41% of current or former employee attackers, 20% of customer, client, patient, and visitor attackers, and 22% of romantic partner and relative attackers.

Sample (N = 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Figure 3 columns: employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9

| Psychosis | 41% | 20% | 22% |

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-29

Figure 3, depression: employees 32%, customers etc. 20%, partners and relatives 44%

Figure 3 shows depression in 32% of current or former employee attackers, 20% of customer, client, patient, and visitor attackers, and 44% of romantic partner and relative attackers.

Sample (N = 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Figure 3 columns: employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9

| Depression | 32% | 20% | 44% |

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-30

Figure 3, suicidal ideation: employees 14%, customers etc. 15%, partners and relatives 33%

Figure 3 shows suicidal ideation in 14% of current or former employee attackers, 15% of customer, client, patient, and visitor attackers, and 33% of romantic partner and relative attackers.

Sample (N = 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Figure 3 columns: employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9

| Suicidal Ideation | 14% | 15% | 33% |

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-31

Six of 51 attackers experienced delusions

Six of the 51 workplace attackers experienced delusions (n = 6), evidencing psychosis.

Sample (n = 6 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

delusions (n = 6)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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Fact [V] p026-32

Nine of 51 attackers experienced suicidal ideations

Nine of the 51 workplace attackers experienced suicidal ideations (n = 9).

Sample (n = 9 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types

suicidal ideations (n = 9)

p. 26 · NCIER Claim Map
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