37 claims on pp. 9–95 (fact 13, statement 4, evidence 13, conclusion 5, definition 2).
NTAC research has continuously found that attackers often elicit concern from others because of their behaviors or communications.
Attackers often elicit concern from those around them because of their behaviors or communications.
The attacker key findings box lists stressors, elicited concern, prior criminal charges, and domestic violence history as key findings.
KEY FINDINGS FOR ATTACKERS
Why inferred Key findings box is a summary judgement; its statistics are restated from the body text.
The Key Findings for Attackers box states that 78% of attackers had a history of behaviors that elicited concern from others.
Sample (n = 40 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types
78% of attackers had a history of behaviors that elicited concern from others.
Over three-quarters of attackers (n = 40, 78%) exhibited behaviors that elicited concern in others.
Sample (n = 40 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types
Over three-quarters of attackers (n = 40, 78%) exhibited behaviors that elicited concern in others
Over half of attackers (n = 31, 61%) exhibited behaviors that caused observers to fear for the safety of the attacker, themselves, or others.
Sample (n = 31 of 51) · attackers, all affiliation types
over half of attackers (n = 31, 61%) exhibited behaviors that caused observers to fear for the safety of the attacker, themselves, or others
Some attackers engaged in violence directed at romantic partners or relatives, prompting victims to seek protective or restraining orders.
some attackers engaged in violence directed at romantic partners or relatives, prompting victims to seek protective orders or restraining orders against the attackers
Other behaviors that elicited concern included disturbing or threatening statements, strange or unusual behavior, and stalking and harassing others.
Other behaviors that elicited concern included attackers making disturbing or threatening statements, exhibiting strange or unusual behaviors, and stalking and harassing others.
A 53-year-old man killed his estranged wife and one of her students in her classroom, injuring another student, before dying by suicide. He had two decades of domestic violence, including threats to kill, and multiple people had filed restraining orders against him.
A 53-year-old man arrived at the elementary school where his estranged wife worked
The attacker's domestic violence spanned two decades and included assaults and threats to kill women, two previous wives, and his own children.
The attacker had a history of domestic violence spanning two decades, which included numerous assaults and threats to harm and kill women, including two previous wives, as well as threats to kill his own children.
The attacker's violent and threatening behavior led both of his ex-wives, an ex-girlfriend, and a local female pastor and her husband to file restraining orders against him.
The attacker's violent and threatening behavior prompted multiple parties, including both of his ex-wives, an ex-girlfriend, and a local female pastor and her husband, to file restraining orders against him.
The Key Findings for Employees box lists grievances, stressors, elicited concern, concerning communications, and current employment.
KEY FINDINGS FOR EMPLOYEES
Why inferred Key findings box is a summary judgement; its statistics are restated from the body text.
The Key Findings for Employees box states that 82% of employee attackers elicited concern from others, including 41% who elicited concern at work.
Sample (n = 18 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)
82% of attackers elicited concern from others, including 41% who elicited concern at work.
Most employee attackers (n = 18, 82%) elicited concern from others around them.
Sample (n = 18 of 22) · current or former employee attackers (22 attacks, each by a lone attacker)
Most employee attackers (n = 18, 82%) elicited concern from others around them
Half of those who elicited concern (n = 9) did so with colleagues in the workplace.
Sample (n = 9 of 18) · employee attackers who elicited concern from others
half of whom (n = 9) elicited concern from colleagues in the workplace
Other statements were not objectively threatening but elicited concern from those who heard them (n = 10).
Sample (n = 10 of 17) · employee attackers who made concerning communications
statements that were not objectively threatening but elicited concern from those who heard them (n = 10)
While employed, the cemetery attacker made threatening statements that concerned coworkers, leading to calls to law enforcement and eventually his termination.
As an employee, the attacker had made threatening statements that concerned coworkers, prompting calls to law enforcement and his eventual termination.
In four cases, the attacker filed reports or voiced concerns about workplace experiences, including workload grievances and bullying or harassment.
In four cases, the attacker filed reports or voiced concerns about their experiences in the workplace
The newsroom attacker had filed a defamation lawsuit against the paper six years earlier and had stalked and threatened its employees, who contacted law enforcement and developed personal safety plans.
The attacker had filed a defamation lawsuit against the paper six years earlier and had stalked and threatened employees of the paper, prompting them to contact law enforcement and develop personal safety plans.
Among these populations, opportunities for intervention and prevention were often present, as many attackers elicited concern in others and were often motivated by grievances with the workplace.
opportunities for intervention and prevention were often present, as many attackers elicited concern in others and often were motivated by grievances with the workplace
Escalating interpersonal disputes are among the behaviors that may be concerning.
Concerning behaviors may include escalating interpersonal disputes, grievances, concerning social media content, stalking and harassment, obsessions with violence, idolizing past attackers, fixating on people or locations, suicidal ideations, self-harm, unusual levels of aggression, threats, weapons violations, and physical assaults.
cite page 50 Step 4: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior
Stalking and harassment are among the behaviors that may be concerning.
Concerning behaviors may include escalating interpersonal disputes, grievances, concerning social media content, stalking and harassment, obsessions with violence, idolizing past attackers, fixating on people or locations, suicidal ideations, self-harm, unusual levels of aggression, threats, weapons violations, and physical assaults.
cite page 50 Step 4: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior
Figure 8 lists, under Objectively Concerning, bullying or harassing others.
Bullying or harassing others
cite page 51 Step 4: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior
Figure 8 lists, under Objectively Concerning, sexual assault or harassment.
Sexual assault or harassment
cite page 51 Step 4: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior
In the scenario, the supervisor is worried about the wellness and safety of the employee.
The supervisor is worried about the wellness and safety of the employee.
cite page 54 Step 4: Identify and Process Reports of Concerning Behavior
NTAC research has shown that most attackers exhibited behaviors that elicited concern in others prior to their attacks, across a variety of systems.
most attackers exhibited behaviors that elicited concern in others prior to their attacks
NTAC's finding that the workplace was the most common formal setting for observed concerning behavior highlights the key role workplaces can play in early detection.
This finding highlights the key role workplaces can play in early detection.
Why inferred Typed conclusion: the sentence is the report's own judgement drawn from the finding just cited.
Coworkers reported that the employee had claimed he might snap if things did not improve at work, and a supervisor reported a sharp decline in his performance and demeanor.
his coworkers report that he has claimed he might "snap" if things don't improve at work
Elicited concern in others means the individual's behaviors or communications caused fear, alarm, worry, or distress in those who observed them.
The individual's behaviors or communications have caused fear, alarm, worry, or distress in those who observed them
Particular attention should be paid to whether others are in fear for their safety as a result of the individual's behavior.
Particular attention should be paid to whether others are in fear for their safety as a result of the individual's behavior
Family members, friends, coworkers, neighbors, law enforcement, mental health professionals, and others may have been concerned about an individual's demeanor, mental well-being, or threatening communications.
Family members, friends, coworkers, neighbors, law enforcement, mental health professionals, and others may have been concerned about an individual's demeanor
BTAM teams will also need to understand whether people who know or have had contact with the individual have been concerned, especially if that concern relates to safety.
They will also need to understand if the people who know or have had contact with the individual have been concerned, especially if their concern is related to safety.
He was known to act in a paranoid, hostile, and argumentative manner and harassed his coworkers.
He was known to act in a paranoid, hostile, and argumentative manner and harassed his coworkers.
He accused non-English speakers of gossiping, used derogatory language toward them, threatened to kill them, and assaulted coworkers he felt disrespected him.
accusing non-English speakers of gossiping about him, using derogatory language toward them
Others in the workplace noticed the attacker's behaviors, and coworkers reported their concerns to management and requested help.
These behaviors were noticed by others in the workplace, and coworkers reported their concerns about the attacker's behaviors to management and requested help.
Data Table 2 reports that 78% of all attackers (n = 51) elicited concern, as did 82% of current or former employees (n = 22), 75% of customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 20), and 78% of romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 51 | 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Data Table 2 columns: all attackers 51 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9
**Elicited Concern** | 78% | 82% | 75% | 78%
Data Table 2 reports that 24% of all attackers (n = 51) elicited concern at work, as did 41% of current or former employees (n = 22), 10% of customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 20), and 11% of romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 51 | 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Data Table 2 columns: all attackers 51 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9
Elicited Concern at Work | 24% | 41% | 10% | 11%
Data Table 2 reports that 61% of all attackers (n = 51) elicited concern for safety, as did 41% of current or former employees (n = 22), 75% of customers, clients, patients, and visitors (n = 20), and 78% of romantic partners and relatives (n = 9).
Sample (N = 51 | 22 | 20 | 9 by column) · Data Table 2 columns: all attackers 51 | employees 22 | customers, clients, patients, visitors 20 | partners and relatives 9
Elicited Concern for Safety | 61% | 41% | 75% | 78%
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